基于三种干旱指标的朝阳市干旱特征分析

旱灾具有出现频率高、持续时间长、波及范围广等特点，本文运用降水距平百分率、Z指数、SPI标准化降水指数，对朝阳地区50a（1969～2018）干旱特征进行分析。结果表明：Z指数与SPI标准化降水指标得到的朝阳地区干旱特征情况基本一致，能较好地反映出该地区的干旱特征，朝阳地区1969～2018年自然灾害频繁发生，严重干旱年份主要集中在1980、1981、1982 年，与实际相符。     

EMA-PRBDS: efficient multi-attribute packet rank based data scheduling in wireless sensor networks for real-time monitoring systems

ABSTRACT

In recent years, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely placed in real-time monitoring systems like environmental, structural, patient monitoring, etc. The major criterion for WSN includes energy efficiency and network lifetime. Scheduling is used as a large number of data packets focus on the same queue at the same time. Only limited data scheduling schemes have been implemented in WSN to enhance the performance. The existing First Come First Serve (FCFS) and Dynamic Multilevel Priority (DMP) have some technical challenges like delay, packet drop and high energy consumption due to starvation and deadlock. In this paper, we proposed a new algorithm to optimise and rank the incoming data packets based on multi-attributes decision-making methodology named as Packet Rank Based Data Scheduling (PRBDS), the algorithm selects packet priority, deadline, and size as the metrics to rank the incoming data packets. A simulation result shows when compared with existing scheduling, PRBDS not only provides less energy consumption, also significantly reduces the packet drop and increases the lifetime. Thus, the proposed algorithm is most suitable for real-time monitoring system since it combines data ranking method with scheduling algorithm to create accurate and reliable results to evaluate the incoming data packets.     

腹腔脏器病变术前经腹超声检查漏诊及误诊原因

目的　评估腹腔脏器病变患者术前经腹超声检查报告并分析超声漏诊及误诊的原因。方法　通过病理工作站导出2013年3月1日至8月31日因腹腔脏器（肝脏、胆囊、胆管、胰腺、脾脏、肾脏、肾上腺和阑尾）病变于北京协和医院进行手术治疗的住院患者病理资料，评估相应超声报告，记录漏、误诊报告信息，分析漏、误诊原因。结果　共评估超声报告1081份，漏、误诊报告58份（5.37%，58/1081），其中肝脏病变6例（5.77%，6/104），均为误诊；胆囊和胆管病变6例（1.30%，6/462），漏诊5例、误诊1例；胰腺病变14例（19.72%，14/71），均为漏诊；肾脏和肾上腺病变20例（6.47%，20/309），漏诊11例、误诊9例；阑尾病变12例（16.00%，12/75），漏诊11例、误诊1例。漏诊结节样病变最大径平均值显著低于误诊病变（P=0.001）。结论　不同腹腔脏器病变因性质、部位、体积以及超声本身的局限性等原因导致超声漏诊或误诊，超声医师在临床工作中应做到全面、仔细、谨慎，了解各腹腔脏器病变的自身特点以及超声显像的局限性，不断积累经验，尽可能避免不必要的错误。     

Deterministic and probabilistic ship pitch prediction using a multi-predictor integration model based on hybrid data preprocessing,reinforcement learning and improved QRNN

The deterministic and probabilistic prediction of ship motion is important for safe navigation and stable real-time operational control of ships at sea. However, the volatility and randomness of ship motion, the non-adaptive nature of single predictors and the poor coverage of quantile regression pose serious challenges to uncertainty prediction, making research in this field limited. In this paper, a multi-predictor integration model based on hybrid data preprocessing, reinforcement learning and improved quantile regression neural network (QRNN) is proposed to explore the deterministic and probabilistic prediction of ship pitch motion. To validate the performance of the proposed multi-predictor integrated prediction model, an experimental study is conducted with three sets of actual ship longitudinal motions during sea trials in the South China Sea. The experimental results indicate that the root mean square errors (RMSEs) of the proposed model of deterministic prediction are 0.0254°, 0.0359°, and 0.0188°, respectively. Taking series #2 as an example, the prediction interval coverage probabilities (PICPs) of the proposed model of probability predictions at 90%, 95%, and 99% confidence levels (CLs) are 0.9400, 0.9800, and 1.0000, respectively. This study signifies that the proposed model can provide trusted deterministic predictions and can effectively quantify the uncertainty of ship pitch motion, which has the potential to provide practical support for ship early warning systems.     

High-capacity reversible hydrogen storage in scandium decorated holey graphyne: Theoretical perspectives

We have investigated the hydrogen storage capabilities of scandium decorated holey graphyne, a recently synthesized carbon allotrope, by applying density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations. We have observed that one unit cell of holey graphyne can adsorb 6 Sc atoms, and each Sc atom can adsorb up to 5H₂ molecules with an average binding energy and average desorption temperature of ?0.36 eV/H₂ and 464 K, respectively. The gravimetric weight percentage of hydrogen is 9.80%, which is considerably higher than the Department of Energy, United-States requirements of 6.5%. We have found that a total amount of 1.9e charge transfers from the 3d and 4s orbitals of Sc atom to the C-2p orbitals of holey graphyne by performing the Bader charge analysis. Hydrogen molecules are bonded with the scandium atom by Kubas interactions. The ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations confirm the structural integrity of scandium decorated holey graphyne system at the high desorption temperatures. The presence of sufficient diffusion energy barriers for the Sc atom ensure the avoidance of metal-metal clustering in the system.     

我国3岁及以上居民碳酸饮料中添加糖摄入状况分析

目的了解我国3岁及以上居民碳酸饮料中添加糖的摄入状况。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,2014年在我国14个省(市)抽取28个城市区和县内的27 485名3岁及以上常住人群作为调查对象,利用非连续3 d 24 h膳食回顾法收集调查对象碳酸饮料的消费状况,结合2015年开展的饮料添加糖含量专项调查中132份碳酸饮料糖含量数据,采用简单分布评估方法计算人群碳酸饮料中添加糖摄入量分布和饮料提供的能量,并与人群膳食摄入总能量相比计算碳酸饮料中添加糖的供能比。结果我国14个省(市)3岁及以上居民碳酸饮料添加糖每日平均摄入量为0.5 g,供能比为0.11%,其中碳酸饮料消费人群添加糖每日平均摄入量为13.4 g,中位数为12.3 g,供能比为2.69%。不同消费人群添加糖每日摄入量的中位数比较,男性(15.3 g)高于女性(10.1 g),城市(13.8 g)高于农村(10.7 g),差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。碳酸饮料中添加糖的供能比比较,男女之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);城市(3.02%)高于农村(2.01%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);13～17岁年龄组人群的碳酸饮料供能比最高为3.41%。结论 13～17岁青少年为碳酸饮料中添加糖的高消费群体,应重点开展科普宣教,引导合理消费。     

Application of GMDH neural network technique to improve measuring precision of a simplified photon attenuation based two-phase flowmeter

Multiphase flowmeters have an important role to play in the industry and any attempts that lead to improvements in this field are of great interest. In the current study, group method of data handling (GMDH) technique was applied in order to increase measuring precision of a simple photon attenuation based two-phase flowmeter that has the ability to estimate the gas volumetric percentage in a two-phase flow without any dependency to flow regime pattern. The simple photon attenuation based system is comprised of a cobalt-60 radioisotope and only one 25.4 mm × 25.4 mm sodium iodide crystal detector. Four extracted features from recorded photon spectrum in sodium iodide crystal detector were used as the inputs of GMDH neural network. Equations related to the combination of the features and the error rate of each approximation is also reported in this paper. Applying the mentioned technique, the gas volumetric percentage in an oil-gas two phase flow was determined with the root mean square error of less than 2.71 without any dependency to the flow pattern. The obtained measuring precision in this study is at least 2.1 times better than reported in previous studies.     

棒材对齐辊道及移钢系统的技术改造

针对棒材精整对齐量不足,切头去尾浪费大,弯钢现象严重的难题,采用将对齐辊道由原来的柱形辊改为槽形辊,三组移钢传动机构用同步轴相连,连锁控制的方式,对棒材冷床进行改造.改造后棒材定尺率、成材率明显提高,经济效益显著.     

抗滑表层沥青混合料试验参数研究

针对近年来沥青路面抗滑表层混合料在生产中暴露出来的耐久性差、抗滑能力不持久等问题 ,认为不能简单的对这一级配形式予以否定 ,并尝试通过对其击实次数、空隙率指标等关键试验参数进行调整以改善其路用性能。在理论分析与试验研究的基础上 ,提出在抗滑表层混合料配合比设计中 ,将规范要求的马歇尔试件双面 5 0次击实改为 75次 ,同时相应降低空隙率要求 ,对保持路面抗滑性能与耐久性能之间的平衡、提高混合料的各项路用性能具有重要的意义