Understanding the asymmetric perceptions of smartphone security from security feature perspective: A comparative study

Smartphones are being used and relied on by people more than ever before. The open connectivity brings with it great convenience and leads to a variety of risks that cannot be overlooked. Smartphone vendors, security policy designers, and security application providers have put a variety of practical efforts to secure smartphones, and researchers have conducted extensive research on threat sources, security techniques, and user security behaviors. Regrettably, smartphone users do not pay enough attention to mobile security, making many efforts futile. This study identifies this gap between technology affordance and user requirements, and attempts to investigate the asymmetric perceptions toward security features between developers and users, between users and users, as well as between different security features. These asymmetric perceptions include perceptions of quality, perceptions of importance, and perceptions of satisfaction. After scoping the range of smartphone security features, this study conducts an improved Kano-based method and exhaustively analyzes the 245 collected samples using correspondence analysis and importance satisfaction analysis. The 14 security features of the smartphone are divided into four Kano quality types and the perceived quality differences between developers and users are compared. Correspondence analysis is utilized to capture the relationship between the perceived importance of security features across different groups of respondents, and results of importance-satisfaction analysis provide the basis for the developmental path and resource reallocation strategy of security features. This article offers new insights for researchers as well as practitioners of smartphone security.     

Tactile colour pictogram to improve artwork appreciation of people with visual impairments

A recent development in tactile technology enables an improvement in the appreciation of the visual arts for people with visual impairment (PVI). The tactile sense, in conjunction with, or a possibly as an alternative to, the auditory sense, would allow PVIs to approach artwork in a more self‐driven and engaging way that would be difficult to achieve with just an auditory stimulus. Tactile colour pictograms (TCPs), which are raised geometric patterns, are ideographic characters that are designed to enable PVIs to identify colours and interpret information by touch. In this article, three TCPs are introduced to code colours in the Munsell colour system. Each colour pattern consists of a basic cell size of 10 mm × 10 mm to represent the patterns consistently in terms of regular shape. Each TCP consists of basic geometric patterns that are combined to create primary, secondary, and tertiary colour pictograms of shapes indicating colour hue, intensity and lightness. Each TCP represents 29 colours including six hues; they were then further expanded to represent 53 colours. Two of them did not increase the cell size, the other increased the cell size 1.5 times for some colours, such as yellow‐orange, yellow, blue, and blue‐purple. Our proposed TCPs use a slightly larger cell size compared to most tactile patterns currently used to indicate colour, but code for more colours. With user experience and identification tests, conducted with 23 visually impaired adults, the effectiveness of the TCPs suggests that they were helpful for the participants.     

2种侧围加强内框总成检具结构对比分析

概述了侧围加强内框总成与周边零件的匹配关系,从检具操作的人机工程出发,描述了侧围加强内框总成检具的2种定位方式和结构设计,对比了2种定位方式对于检测结果的影响,总结了其优点和弊端,结果表明侧围加强内框总成检具采用车内方向朝下的定位方式效果更好。     

Spirobifluorene Dimers: Understanding How The Molecular Assemblies Drive The Electronic Properties

Spirobifluorene (SBF) is one of the most important scaffolds used in the design of organic semi-conductors (OSCs) for electronics. In recent years, among all the structures developed for these applications, SBF dimers have been highlighted due to their great potential in thermally activated delayed fluorescence and in phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. Attaching two SBF units generate 10 dimers, each possessing its own structural specificity, which in turn drives its electronic properties. These ten SBF dimers are gathered herein. Understanding how the molecular assembly determines the electronic properties has been one of the pillars of organic electronics. This is the goal of this article. As positional isomerism is a key tool to design OSCs, defining the design guidelines for the SBF scaffold appears of interest for the future of this building block. Herein, the importance of the two main parameters involved in the electrochemical and photophysical properties, namely the nature of the phenyl linkages and the steric congestion between the two SBF units is discussed. The combination of these two parameters drives the electronic properties but their respective weight is different as a function of the regioisomer involved or of the property considered (frontier orbitals energy level, absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence).     

不同细颗粒含量甲烷水合物沉积物三轴剪切试验研究

海域试开采区域含水合物沉积物的粒度分析结果表明水合物沉积物骨架由粗、细颗粒混合构成,通过开展多组低温、高压三轴排水剪切试验研究细颗粒含量和密度对含甲烷水合物沉积物和无水合物沉积物的强度和变形特性的影响。试验结果表明,含水合物沉积物抗剪强度及剪胀性都随细粒含量提高而显著增强。这是由于细颗粒含量增加改变了颗粒间水合物的样貌和分布特征,形成了由水合物包裹着粗颗粒-细颗粒的团簇状集合体。然而,细颗粒含量对无水合物沉积物的强度和变形特性的影响却表现出相反趋势。另外,含水合物沉积物的剪胀关系可以使用修正剑桥模型中的剪胀关系式进行描述。结果表明,剪胀关系的拟合曲线依赖于水合物饱和度的大小。通过对比研究发现,天然水合物和实验室合成水合物试样在较高饱和度时的峰值摩擦角大小及其伴随水合物饱和度的增长趋势存在差异,这种差异主要来源于水合物在沉积物骨架颗粒孔隙中不同的赋存模式及分布特征。     

基于NR-Transformer的集群作业运行时间预测

高性能集群的作业调度通常使用作业调度系统来实现，准确填写作业运行时间能在很大程度上提升作业调度效率。现有的研究通常使用机器学习的预测方式，在预测精度和实用性上还存在一定的提升空间。为了进一步提高集群作业运行时间预测的准确率，考虑先对集群作业日志进行聚类，将作业类别信息添加到作业特征中，再使用基于注意力机制的NR-Transformer网络对作业日志数据建模和预测。在数据处理上，根据与预测目标的相关性、特征的完整性和数据的有效性，从历史日志数据集中筛选出7维特征，并按作业运行时间的长度将其划分为多个作业集，再对各作业集分别进行训练和预测。实验结果表明，相比于传统机器学习和BP神经网络，时序神经网络结构有更好的预测性能，其中NR-Transformer在各作业集上都有较好的性能。     

Enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction from organic-inorganic heterostructure

Herein, molybdenum disulfide nanoflakes decorated copper phthalocyanine microrods (CuPc-MoS₂) are synthesized via two step simple hydrothermal method. The as synthesized hybrid along with pure molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanoflower and pure copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) microrods are well characterized by various techniques that confirm phase, morphology, elemental compositions etc. Next, electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction towards fuel cell is investigated in alkaline medium and obtained results proclaim that our CuPc-MoS₂ heterostructure outperforms the other two constituent materials. Efficient oxygen reduction is achieved following four electron pathway by CuPc-MoS₂ whereas partial reduction is done through two electron process by CuPc and MoS₂ separately. Long-time durability test reveals almost 97.6% retention after 8000s that eventually dictate us that CuPc-MoS₂ heterostructure can be the efficient cathode electrocatalyst for future generation fuel cell.     

小微数据包高效无线传输技术的发展和趋势

5G-NR和B5G系统都需能高效地支持小微数据包(块)的传输,且在不同的无线传输技术(如宽带或超低时延)之间快速灵活地切换。系统梳理和比较和小微数据包(块)相关的多种无线传输技术,如两步RACH、预配置授权和公共资源竞争等,分析它们对3GPP各个系统和各个RAN协议的影响和复杂度优劣等,并进一步展望其未来发展和应用趋势。     

基于用户体验的压路机操纵手柄交互品质研究

目的以压路机操纵手柄为对象,探讨交互品质研究方法,改进用户体验。方法对交互品质进行解析,由用户体验与交互品质的关联性,提出基于用户体验的交互品质研究方法;面向压路机操纵手柄典型任务进行用户体验研究,梳理压路机手柄的操作流程,并对交互行为进行聚类分析,结合语义分析构建用户体验词库,运用半结构式访谈与问卷调查,以定量与定性方法相结合对驾驶员的操纵体验进行调研;以专家研讨的形式进行驾驶员的操纵体验向交互特征的映射,构建交互特征集,进而对操纵手柄的交互品质进行分析与阐释。结果得出了压路机操纵手柄的交互特征与交互品质。结论通过用户体验可以映射交互特征,得到了交互品质,对于从交互品质的角度指导交互设计提供了借鉴。     

Contributions of oxygen vacancies to the hydrogen evolution catalytic activity of tungsten oxides

The tungsten trioxide attracts less attention due to the low electron transfer kinetics that hinders the interaction of electrons and ions during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). But the oxygen vacancy strategy can inspire its electrocatalytic activity for HER because it has a positive effect on improving the charge transfer and compensating for the weak hydrogen adsorption of the tungsten trioxide. By synthesizing a series of substoichiometric tungsten oxides, we reveal the linear relationship between the catalytic activity and the content of oxygen vacancies, which indicates that the oxygen vacancy strategy is an achievable route to enhance the HER for metal oxides.