Consensus-based data replication protocol for distributed cloud

The Journal of Supercomputing - Data availability ensures efficient data accessibility by the readers anytime and from anywhere. It can be addressed by creating multiple copies of each data file...     

Performance Tuning and Reliability Analysis of the Electrostatically Configured Nanotube Tunnel FET with Impact of Interface Trap Charges

Silicon - This paper examines, an electrostatically configured Nano-Tube Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor (ED-NTTFET). During the fabrication process, different charges such as fixed charge, oxide...     

Design of Dual-Gate P-type IMOS Based Industrial Purpose Pressure Sensor

Silicon - In this treatise, we have proposed a Single Material Gate–Dual Gate Impact Ionization Metal Oxide Semiconductor (SMG DG-IMOS) based Pressure Sensor. The pressure sensor has the most...     

Agent societies and social networks for ubiquitous computing

In ubiquitous computing environments, providing appropriate services and information to users at the right place in the right way is challenging for many reasons: different user interests, heterogeneous devices and services, dynamic networks, information overload, or differing privacy levels, for example. Agent technology is a paradigm expected to play an increasing role in complex computing environments, and due to the increasing popularity of social networking services, we expect to see the convergence of agent and social web technologies. The goal of this theme issue is to bring together state-of-the-art research contributions that examine the convergence of agent technologies and social networks for ubiquitous computing.     

A series of novel double perovskite oxides NaMTi<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>6</Subscript> (M = Eu,Sm, and Gd): preparation,characterization and photocatalytic studies under visible and solarlight irradiation

The photocatalytic activity of sol–gel synthesized double perovskite type oxides NaEuTi₂O₆(NETO), NaSmTi₂O₆ (NSTO), and NaGdTi₂O₆ (NGTO) powders on degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye was demonstrated for the first time under visible light as well as sunlight irradiation. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV–Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy equipped with X-ray energy-dispersion spectrometry. All the three samples have shown photocatalytic activity for degradation of MB under sunlight and visible light irradiation and their photocatalytic activity followed the order of NGTO > NETO > NSTO. The superior activity of NGTO is ascribed to the higher amount of hydroxyl radicals generated in the photocatalytic reaction.     

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanosensors for <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vivo</Emphasis> detection of nucleic acid targets in a large animal model

Although nanotechnology has led to important advances in in vitro diagnostics, the development of nanosensors for in vivo detection remains very challenging. Here, we demonstrated the proof-of-principle of in vivo detection of nucleic acid targets using a promising type of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanosensor implanted in the skin of a large animal model (pig). The in vivo nanosensor used in this study involves the “inverse molecular sentinel” detection scheme using plasmonics-active nanostars, which have tunable absorption bands in the near infrared region of the “tissue optical window”, rendering them efficient as an optical sensing platform for in vivo optical detection. Ex vivo measurements were also performed using human skin grafts to demonstrate the detection of SERS nanosensors through tissue. In this study, a new core–shell nanorattle probe with Raman reporters trapped between the core and shell was utilized as an internal standard system for self-calibration. These results illustrate the usefulness and translational potential of the SERS nanosensor for in vivo biosensing.

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Geometric Representation of Graphs in Low Dimension Using Axis Parallel Boxes

An axis-parallel k-dimensional box is a Cartesian product R ₁×R ₂×???×R _k where R _i (for 1≤i≤k) is a closed interval of the form [a _i ,b _i ] on the real line. For a graph G, its boxicity box?(G) is the minimum dimension k, such that G is representable as the intersection graph of (axis-parallel) boxes in k-dimensional space. The concept of boxicity finds applications in various areas such as ecology, operations research etc. A number of NP-hard problems are either polynomial time solvable or have much better approximation ratio on low boxicity graphs. For example, the max-clique problem is polynomial time solvable on bounded boxicity graphs and the maximum independent set problem for boxicity d graphs, given a box representation, has a $\lfloor 1+\frac{1}{c}\log n\rfloor^{d-1}An axis-parallel k-dimensional box is a Cartesian product R ₁×R ₂×⋅⋅⋅×R _k where R _i (for 1≤i≤k) is a closed interval of the form [a _i ,b _i ] on the real line. For a graph G, its boxicity box (G) is the minimum dimension k, such that G is representable as the intersection graph of (axis-parallel) boxes in k-dimensional space. The concept of boxicity finds applications in various areas such as ecology, operations research etc. A number of NP-hard problems are either polynomial time solvable or have much better approximation ratio on low boxicity graphs. For example, the max-clique problem is polynomial time solvable on bounded boxicity graphs and the maximum independent set problem for boxicity d graphs, given a box representation, has a ?1+\frac1clogn?^d-1\lfloor 1+\frac{1}{c}\log n\rfloor^{d-1} approximation ratio for any constant c≥1 when d≥2. In most cases, the first step usually is computing a low dimensional box representation of the given graph. Deciding whether the boxicity of a graph is at most 2 itself is NP-hard.     

Storage and permeation of hydrogen molecule,atom and ions (H+ and H−) through silicon carbide nanotube; a DFT approach

The barriers for the encapsulation and decapsulation of hydrogen ions (cationic hydrogen and hydride), atom, and molecule through silicon carbide nanotube are thoroughly studied. DFT method is selected to measure the kinetic barriers for the passage of hydrogen atom, ions and molecule through nanotube via scanning potential energy surface. The kinetic barriers for the passage (encapsulation and decapsulation) of hydrogen are very important to understand the mechanism of hydrogen storage and release. The barriers for the permeation of H, H⁺ and H^? across SiC nanosheet are lower compared to hydrogen molecule (H₂). The exohedral and endohedral adsorption of hydrogen ions (cation and anion), atom and exohedral hydrogen molecule on silicon carbide are exothermic in nature. Whereas the encapsulation of hydrogen molecule in silicon carbide is endothermic. Electronic properties are analyzed through measurement of energy gap between highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals gap (G_H-L) and the density of state (DOS) spectra. The G_H-L analysis reveals that endohedral complexes have more pronounced effect on electronic properties compared to exohedral complexes. The SiC nanotube has highly favorable properties for storage and release of hydrogen ions, and atom.     

Evaluating alternate discrete outcome frameworks for modeling crash injury severity

This paper focuses on the relevance of alternate discrete outcome frameworks for modeling driver injury severity. The study empirically compares the ordered response and unordered response models in the context of driver injury severity in traffic crashes. The alternative modeling approaches considered for the comparison exercise include: for the ordered response framework-ordered logit (OL), generalized ordered logit (GOL), mixed generalized ordered logit (MGOL) and for the unordered response framework-multinomial logit (MNL), nested logit (NL), ordered generalized extreme value logit (OGEV) and mixed multinomial logit (MMNL) model. A host of comparison metrics are computed to evaluate the performance of these alternative models. The study provides a comprehensive comparison exercise of the performance of ordered and unordered response models for examining the impact of exogenous factors on driver injury severity. The research also explores the effect of potential underreporting on alternative frameworks by artificially creating an underreported data sample from the driver injury severity sample. The empirical analysis is based on the 2010 General Estimates System (GES) data base—a nationally representative sample of road crashes collected and compiled from about 60 jurisdictions across the United States. The performance of the alternative frameworks are examined in the context of model estimation and validation (at the aggregate and disaggregate level). Further, the performance of the model frameworks in the presence of underreporting is explored, with and without corrections to the estimates. The results from these extensive analyses point toward the emergence of the GOL framework (MGOL) as a strong competitor to the MMNL model in modeling driver injury severity.