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1.
Chenchen Zhou Jia Man Haibo Yu He Xia Luming Man Bin Qi Jianfeng Li 《Ceramics International》2021,47(8):10866-10872
Ceramic microparticles have great potentials in various fields such as materials engineering, biotechnology, microelectromechanical systems, etc. Morphology of the microparticle performs an important role on their application. To date, it remains difficult to find an effective and controllable way for fabricating nonspherical ceramic microparticles with 3D features. This work demonstrates a method that combines UV light lithography and single emulsion opaque-droplet-templated microfluidic molding to prepare the crescent-shaped ceramic microparticles. By tailoring the intensity of UV light and flow rate of fluid, the shapes of microparticles are accordingly tuned. Therefore, varieties of crescent-shaped microparticles and their variations have been fabricated. After sintering, the crescent-shaped alumina ceramic microparticles were obtained. Benefitting from the light absorption and scattering behavior of most ceramic nanoparticles, this system can serve as a general platform to produce crescent-shaped microparticles made from different materials, and hold great potentials for applications in microrobotics, structural materials in MEMS, and biotechnology. 相似文献
2.
Fenqi Du Dongmei Yang Yue Sun Yang Jiao Feng Teng Haibo Fan 《Ceramics International》2021,47(4):4963-4971
Ultrawide band gap semiconductor materials have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their great potential in the photocatalytic field. In this study, Zn-doped Ga2O3 nanofibers with various concentrations were synthesized via electrospinning; they exhibited a superior photocatalytic degradation performance of rhodamine B dye compared to that of undoped Ga2O3 nanofibers. The Zn dopant replaced Ga sites via replacement doping, which could increase the concentration of oxygen vacancies and lead to enhanced photocatalytic properties. When the Zn concentration increased, a Ga2O3/ZnGa2O4 hybrid structure formed, which could further enhance the photocatalytic performance. The separation of photogenerated carriers due to Zn doping and heterojunctions were the primary causes of the enhanced photocatalytic performance. This study provides experimental data for the fabrication of high-performance photocatalysts based on Ga2O3 nanomaterials. 相似文献
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Sijia Huo Yujin Wang Mianyi Yao Zhikun Zhang Lei Chen Hui Gu Jiahu Ouyang Yu Zhou 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(11):5466-5473
Novel TiC-based composites were synthesized by reactive hot-pressing at 1800 °C for 1 h with ZrB2 addition as a sintering aid for the first time. The effects of ZrB2 contents on the phase composition, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties were reported. Based on the reaction and solid solution coupling effects between ZrB2 and TiC, the product ZrC may be partially or completely dissolved into the TiC matrix, and then phase separation within the miscibility gap is observed to form lamellar nanostructured ZrC-rich (Zr, Ti)C. The TiC-10 mol.% ZrB2 (starting batch composition) exhibits good comprehensive mechanical properties of hardness 27.7 ± 1.3 GPa, flexural strength 659 ± 48 MPa, and fracture toughness of 6.5 ± 0.6 MPa m1/2, respectively, which reach or exceed most TiC-based composites using ceramics as sintering aids in the previous reports. 相似文献
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采用共沉淀法制备了系列Ca-Mg-Al复合氧化物催化剂,通过对沉淀剂配比、沉淀液pH值及焙烧温度等制备条件的考察,得到以Na2CO3为沉淀剂、pH=9.5、850℃下焙烧4h制备的Ca-Mg-Al催化活性最高。在 n(PG)∶n(urea)=1.5∶1、反应温度为145℃、绝压20kPa、反应时间4h、催化剂用量为尿素质量的5%时,碳酸丙烯酯收率达到84.6%。采用XRF、XRD、NH3-TPD、SEM及BET对催化剂的组成、晶型及酸性进行了表征,发现随着沉淀剂中Na2CO3的含量增加,催化剂中CaO∶MgO的比例增大,碳酸丙烯酯的收率亦升高;经850℃焙烧后,催化剂中存在CaO和MgO两种活性中心,起协同催化作用;随着焙烧温度由700℃升高到850℃,NH3-TPD脱附曲线向低温方向偏移,且强酸中心NH3脱附峰面积比由81.14%明显下降为0,中强酸中心NH3脱附峰面积比由0增加到78.07%,而碳酸丙烯酯收率由68%增加到84.6%,这表明催化剂强酸性位的减少是催化活性增加的主要原因。 相似文献
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为了提高三级煤矿许用炸药能量利用率,改善爆破破岩效果,保证开采区的工作效率,对不耦合装药结构进行优化,以理论推导的方式分别得出空气不耦合与水不耦合装药系数对爆生气体准静压力的影响,并进行了对比分析;通过实验室爆破模型试验研究水和空气径向不耦合分别作用下爆炸应力波的传播分布特性,分析峰值应力与测点到炮孔比例距离、不耦合系数之间的关系,并与理论分析对比验证。结果表明:当不耦合系数相同时,炮孔处水不耦合装药爆炸应力波峰值高于空气不耦合装药,随着不耦合系数的增加,炮孔处爆炸应力波的峰值应力减小;模型试验测得同一测点的水不耦合装药峰值应力是空气不耦合装药峰值应力的1.15~1.52倍,峰值应力作用时间长于空气不耦合装药,同一测点水和空气不耦合装药结构测得的应力波及其峰值应力均随不耦合系数的增加呈负幂函数衰减,且空气不耦合装药时衰减得更快,与理论分析一致;贵州某煤矿下山巷道,于梯形掘进断面实施传统空气不耦合装药结构掏槽爆破,效果不甚理想,运用水不耦合装药爆破技术,提高了炮孔利用率,减小了岩石破碎块度,使爆堆集中,显著提高了岩石破碎效果与出渣效率。 相似文献
9.
Wei Lai Lihong Ge Huaming Li Yilin Deng Bin Xu Bo Ouyang Erjun Kan 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(53):26861-26872
The electrochemical water splitting to produce H2 in high efficiency with earth-abundant-metal catalysts remains a challenge. Here, we describe a simple “cyclic voltammetry + ageing” protocol at room temperature to activate Ni electrode (AC-Ni/NF) for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), by which Ni/Ni(OH)2 heterostructure is formed at the surface. In situ Raman spectroscopy reveals the gradual growth of Ni/Ni(OH)2 heterostructure during the first 30 min of the aging treatment and combined with polarization measurements, it suggests a positive relation between the Ni/Ni(OH)2 amount and HER performance of the electrode. The obtained AC-Ni/NF catalyst, with plentiful Ni–Ni(OH)2 interfaces, exhibits remarkable performance towards HER, with the low overpotential of only 30 mV at a H2-evolving current density of 10 mA/cm2 and 153 mV at 100 mA/cm2, as well as a small Tafel slope of 46.8 mV/dec in 1 M KOH electrolyte at ambient temperature. The excellent HER performance of the AC-Ni/NF could be maintained for at least 24 h without obvious decay. Ex situ experiments and in situ electrochemical-Raman spectroscopy along with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that Ni/Ni(OH)2 heterostructure, although partially reduced, can still persist during HER catalysis and it is the Ni–Ni(OH)2 interface reducing the energy barrier of H1 adsorption thus promoting the HER performance. 相似文献
10.
Hai Huang Haichao An Haibo Ma Shenyan Chen 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2019,117(3):291-315
This work presents an engineering method for optimizing structures made of bars, beams, plates, or a combination of those components. Corresponding problems involve both continuous (size) and discrete (topology) variables. Using a branched multipoint approximate function, which involves such mixed variables, a series of sequential approximate problems are constructed to make the primal problem explicit. To solve the approximate problems, genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized to optimize discrete variables, and when calculating individual fitness values in GA, a second-level approximate problem only involving retained continuous variables is built to optimize continuous variables. The solution to the second-level approximate problem can be easily obtained with dual methods. Structural analyses are only needed before improving the branched approximate functions in the iteration cycles. The method aims at optimal design of discrete structures consisting of bars, beams, plates, or other components. Numerical examples are given to illustrate its effectiveness, including frame topology optimization, layout optimization of stiffeners modeled with beams or shells, concurrent layout optimization of beam and shell components, and an application in a microsatellite structure. Optimization results show that the number of structural analyses is dramatically decreased when compared with pure GA while even comparable to pure sizing optimization. 相似文献