自然时效对GT35合金组织与性能的影响

采用XRD、SEM、残余应力测试仪、维氏硬度计、测长机等手段对合金物相、微观组织、残余应力、硬度、线膨胀率进行表征,研究自然时效对GT35合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明,GT35合金在自然时效过程中,增强相TiC的形貌与粒径没有明显变化。当自然时效时间小于15天时,GT35合金的硬度、残余应力与线膨胀率逐渐增加,随后逐渐减小并趋于稳定。当自然时效超过90天后,GT35合金的组织与性能趋于稳定,其硬度、残余应力和线膨胀率分别为945.7 HV5、-184 MPa和-2.22×10^-5。     

正交试验法在无铅黄铜成分设计中的应用

用正交试验法研究了无铅黄铜制备过程中合金元素Sb、Ce和Ti对合金抗拉强度、抗脱锌性能以及切削性能的影响.通过正交试验法得出最优化合金成分为wCu∶wZn∶wSb∶wCe∶wTi=58∶40.5∶0.8∶0.4∶0.3;锑的质量分数是影响合金综合性能的主要因素,其次是Ce含量,Ti影响很小;优化后制备出的合金抗拉强度为461.7MPa,屈服强度为213.3 MPa,延伸率为15.67%,合金平均脱锌层厚度约为255.05μm,合金切削性能较好.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备的ZnO:Al薄膜的微观结构及光学、电学性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了ZnO:Al(AZO)透明导电薄膜．通过X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见分光光度计 (UV-Vis)、扫描电镜(SEM)和电阻测量装置,考察了Al掺杂量、退火温度及镀膜层数等工艺参数对薄膜的微观结构和光电性能的影响．结果表明,退火温度越高,多晶AZO薄膜的(001)晶面择优取向生长的趋势越强,并且随退火温度升高,薄膜的晶粒尺寸增大,透光率增加．薄膜晶体结构为纯ZnO的六角纤锌矿结构．在掺杂浓度1％(摩尔分数)、退火温度500℃及镀膜层数10的条件下,得到了电阻率为3．2×10-3Ω·cm、可见光区的平均透射率超过90％的AZO薄膜．     

Morphology, structure and formation mechanism of silicide coating by pack cementation process

The MoSi2 coating on C 103 niobium based alloy was prepared by pack cementation method. The formative mechanism, morphology and structure of coating were investigated. The silicide coating was formed by reactive diffusion obeying parabolic rule during pack cementation process. It is found that the composite structural coating is composed of three inferior layers as follows. The main layer is composed of MoSi2, the two phases＇ transitional layer consists of NbSi2 and a few NbsSi3 and the diffuse layer is composed of NbsSi3. The dense amorphous glass layer formed on the surface at high temperature oxidation circumstance can effectively prevent the diffusion of oxygen into coating.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of 8YSZ ceramics by liquid-phase sintering with CuO-TiO2 addition

The 8% (mass fraction) yttrium-partially-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) ceramic was fabricated via liquid phase sintering at 1 200–1 400 °C by adding different mass ratios of CuO-16.7%TiO₂ (molar fraction) as sintering aid. Relative density, microstructure, Vickers hardness and bending strength as a function of sintering temperature and additive content were investigated. The experiment results show that liquid phase sintering at low temperature can be realized through adding CuO-16.7% TiO₂ to 8YSZ. The Vickers hardness and bending strength of samples with sintering aid are generally much higher than those of samples without sintering aid for all sintering temperatures, and increase with the increase of sintering temperature. When the addition content of CuO-16.7% TiO₂ is beyond 0.5%, the relative density, Vickers hardness and bending strength decrease with the increase of the mass ratio of sintering aid. Low additions of sintering aid are beneficial to aiding densification; high additions of sintering aid are detrimental to the sintered properties mainly due to greater amounts of pores generated by the volatilization of oxygen with the eutectic reaction between copper oxide and titanium dioxide. It is found that the fine grain size and high relative density are two main reasons of the high bending strength and Vickers hardness of the materials.     

增材制造GH3536合金的高温拉伸及疲劳裂纹扩展性能研究

采用选区激光熔化技术制备GH3536合金试样,经热等静压和固溶处理后对合金试样的显微组织、高温拉伸性能和不同应力比下的裂纹扩展性能进行了分析。结果表明,经热等静压和固溶处理后合金试样内部存在2种不同大小的等轴晶粒,在晶间存在连续片状分布的M₂₃C₆和M₆C碳化物。合金试样的拉伸性能随着温度的升高而不断下降,断裂方式由室温下的韧性断裂转变为900℃下的脆性断裂。在不同应力比下,合金试样的裂纹扩展方式主要为穿晶扩展,裂纹扩展速率随着应力比的不断上升而提高,在高应力比下合金内部的疲劳裂纹更倾向于在取向差较小的晶粒内部扩展。     

热障涂层的研究现状与发展方向

热障涂层(TBCs)是目前最先进的高温防护涂层之一,具有良好的隔热效果和抗高温氧化性能.综述了热障涂层的陶瓷材料、粘结层材料、涂层结构、制备工艺及涂层失效机理等5个方面的研究现状,在此基础上提出了热障涂层的发展方向.     

热型连铸铝线的制备及其显微组织和性能

采用自制的热型连铸设备制备铝线材料,研究铸型温度和拉铸速度等工艺参数对材料表面质量、显微组织及力学性能的影响,通过对最佳工艺条件下制备的铸锭断口形貌进行观察和分析,探讨其相关机理。结果表明:当铸型温度为675~685℃、拉铸速度为90~120 mm/min时,可以制备出表面质量较佳的铸锭;同时,工艺参数会对晶体的择优取向产生一定影响,当铸型温度和拉铸速度分别为680℃和90 mm/min时,晶体的取向更倾向于沿?100?方向生长,铸型温度越高,铸锭力学性能越优异。当拉铸速度为90 mm/min时,制备的热型连铸铝线具有最佳的塑性加工能力。相比于普通多晶铝线,热型连铸铝线具有更好的塑性。     

钼合金双层结构MoSi2涂层的制备与组织性能

采用料浆烧结法在TZM钼合金表面制备Mo层,再通过包埋渗法制得双层结构的MoSi₂厚涂层。利用内热法在大气环境下测试了钼合金Si-Mo涂层在1 600 ℃下的高温抗氧化性能。结果表明,涂层由多孔MoSi₂外层和致密MoSi₂内层组成,Mo粉细化对涂层组织致密化和高温抗氧化性能提升有益,平均粒度9.8 μm和2.2 μm的Mo粉制备的涂层在1 600 ℃下的高温抗氧化寿命分别为5.1 h和14.8 h,高温氧化后涂层结构转变为SiO₂氧化层-多孔MoSi₂层-致密层-Mo₅Si₃层。随着氧化持续进行,SiO₂层和Mo₅Si₃层不断增厚,而MoSi₂层持续减薄并转化为Mo₅Si₃,硅元素的持续贫化导致涂层最终失效。     

水平热型连铸定向凝固设备研究

设计制造了氩气气氛保护下的水平热型连铸定向凝固设备,该设备将水平连续铸造与定向凝固技术结合起来,集熔炼、保温、净化、凝固于一体,可制备出表面光洁、质量优异的定向凝固线材。介绍了该设备的结构组成、工作原理。