中药桂枝总黄酮的提取工艺研究

优化桂枝总黄酮的提取工艺，建立桂枝的提取和含量测定方法。通过单因素试验，考察提取方法、提取溶剂浓度、提取体积、提取时间对药材总黄酮含量的影响，采用正交试验，优化提取工艺条件，筛选出桂枝总黄酮的最佳提取工艺。总黄酮最佳提取工艺为75%乙醇、料液比1:40、回流提取时间60 min。该方法能有效测定桂枝药材总黄酮的含量，为该药材的质量标准研究提供一定的科学依据。本方法重复性较好、方法稳定、可行。     

活性水压裂液对高煤阶煤岩力学性质的影响

煤层气低产井重复压裂增产效果差异大,裸眼压裂水平井井眼容易垮塌,需要研究压裂液对煤岩力学性质及其对重复压裂及水平井稳定性的影响。通过煤岩样品单轴压缩试验和三轴压缩试验,研究了压裂液对煤岩抗压强度、弹性模量及变形特征的影响,并探讨了其对重复压裂和水平井井眼稳定性的影响。结果表明:煤岩弹性模量和抗压强度随压裂液浸泡时间增加而持续降低,塑性特征更加明显,重复压裂容易形成短宽缝,压裂效果较差,因此需要快速返排压裂液;浸泡后煤岩的弹性模量随围压的增加先增加后降低,围压6 MPa左右时,煤岩弹性模量最大,因此埋深700～800 m时,重复压裂形成长裂缝的可能性较大;浸泡后煤岩的抗压强度随围压的降低而降低,且围压越小,降低幅度越大,因此,储层埋深越浅,浸泡后储层裂缝闭合程度越强,渗透率降低程度大,越需要尽快排出压裂液。     

基于学习进程的学习评估在大学化学教学中的实践

高等教育质量提升的关键在于课程教学质量的不断完善。作为高等教育的重要环节,化学课程教学在非化学化工专业人才的知识体系构建、能力培养、素质养成方面有着不可或缺的作用。大学化学课程的教学实践表明,基于学习进程的评估有利于激发学生的学习积极性,显著提高教学班的整体成绩并实现课程教学质量的提升。     

天然染料染色中媒染剂应用的现状与展望

概述了近年来天然染料染色过程中媒染剂的研究现状。首先对非铬金属媒染剂、天然媒染剂以及复配媒染剂的研究进行了介绍,其次对这三种媒染剂媒染原理进行了阐述,最后对媒染剂研究趋势进行了展望。     

缓解冬季筋骨不适药膳两款

一进入冬季,人们在户外的运动时间明显减少,身体久不运动,就会觉得腰酸腿软,筋肉不适。此时,除了在室内跳操、跳绳、做瑜伽等运动外,还可以配合一些药膳,以强壮筋骨。山楂怀山猪腰汤用料:猪腰1个,干山楂12克,姜3片,干怀山12克,杜仲8克,玉竹8克,盐适量。做法:1.全部用料洗净。2.猪腰用盐水浸透(期间注意换水多次),然后用姜片汆水,用刀切花(不切断)。3.煮沸清水,放入全部材料,用大火煮20分钟,再用小火煮两小时,下盐调味即可饮用。     

Research on phase shift characteristics of electromagnetic wave in plasma

The phase shift characteristics reflect the state change of electromagnetic wave in plasma sheath and can be used to reveal deeply the action mechanism between electromagnetic wave and plasma sheath. In this paper, the phase shift characteristics of electromagnetic wave propagation in plasma were investigated. Firstly, the impact factors of phase shift including electron density,collision frequency and incident frequency were discussed. Then, the plasma with different electron density distribution profiles were employed to investigate the influence on the phase shift characteristics. In a real case, the plasma sheath around the hypersonic vehicle will affect and even break down the communication. Based on the hypersonic vehicle model, we studied the electromagnetic wave phase shift under different flight altitude, speed, and attack angle. The results indicate that the phase shift is inversely proportional to the flight altitude and positively proportional to the flight speed and attack angle. Our work provides a theoretical guidance for the further research of phase shift characteristics and parameters inversion in plasma.     

热加工对β-CEZ钛合金组织和力学性能的影响

研究了镦拔工艺、挤压温度以及热处理对β-CEZ钛合金挤压管材显微组织和力学性能的影响,并讨论了热加工工艺与合金组织性能之间的联系规律。结果表明:多次镦拔细化了棒坯的显微组织,且相变点之下挤压获得的β-CEZ钛合金管材具有更好的强塑性匹配。随着固溶温度的升高,β-CEZ钛合金管材的强度增大、塑性降低,尤其断面收缩率下降明显;随着时效温度的升高,管材的强度降低,塑性增大。830℃挤压获得的β-CEZ钛合金管材经800℃×1 h/AC+600℃×8 h/AC热处理后,显微组织为细小均匀的等轴组织,且拉伸强度大于1 250 MPa,延伸率大于15%,强塑性匹配良好。     

黄石有线直播频道收视率数据分析与研究

本文介绍了黄石有线在高清互动平台运用大数据获取直播频道收视率的方法,并结合数据分析的手段,推断用户行为,发现内在规律,摸索观看习惯,从而对网络公司的市场营销和经营决策提供有价值的数据参考。     

Reduced texaphyrin: A ratiometric optical sensor for heavy metals in aqueous solution

We report here a water-soluble metal cation sensor system based on the as-prepared or reduced form of an expanded porphyrin, texaphyrin. Upon metal complexation, a change in the redox state of the ligand occurs that is accompanied by a color change from red to green. Although long employed for synthesis in organic media, we have now found that this complexation-driven redox behavior may be used to achieve the naked eye detectable colorimetric sensing of several number of less-common metal ions in aqueous media. Exposure to In(III), Hg(II), Cd(II), Mn(II), Bi(III), Co(II), and Pb(II) cations leads to a colorimetric response within 10 min. This process is selective for Hg(II) under conditions of competitive analysis. Furthermore, among the subset of response-producing cations, In(III) proved unique in giving rise to a ratiometric change in the ligand-based fluorescence features, including an overall increase in intensity. The cation selectivity observed in aqueous media stands in contrast to what is seen in organic solvents, where a wide range of texaphyrin metal complexes may be prepared. The formation of metal cation complexes under the present aqueous conditions was confirmed by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography, ultra-violet-visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, and high-resolution mass spectrometry.