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Silicon - Quadruple gate FinFET is a promising candidate among other multi-gate MOS devices due to it’s better scalability and higher short channel effect suppression capability in advanced... 相似文献
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Samples of composites of graphene with indium or indium-gallium alloy as the matrix were prepared by a process of spreading
exfoliated graphene oxide on the foils, repeatedly folding and rolling. The foils were intermittently annealed and the process
repeated by addition of more graphene oxide. Indium flux was used to remove any indium or gallium oxide. The samples were
characterized by x-ray diffraction, and optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrical resistivity and temperature
coefficient of resistance (TCR) were measured using a four-probe method in the temperature range of 260 K to 340 K, and the
results were used to determine the volume fraction of graphene from effective mean-field analysis. The volume fraction of
graphene remained between 0.11 and 0.14 in samples of In with graphene and between 0.12 and 0.13 in samples of In-Ga with
graphene. The results indicate that the electrical resistivity and the TCR of the composite were reduced by the addition of
graphene. The resistivity of graphene remained between 1.19 × 10−6 ohm cm and 1.87 × 10−6 ohm cm in all samples and was thus almost independent of the matrix composition. The electrical resistivity of graphene was
found to be an order of magnitude smaller than that of indium or the indium-gallium alloy. 相似文献
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Prosenjit Saha Suvendu Manna Debasis Roy Sukanya Chowdhury Kyung-Gun Kim Sruti Banik 《Journal of Natural Fibers》2015,12(6):542-551
Degradation of lignocellulosic fibers such as untreated jute fibers and those treated with an alkaline solution of neem oil and phenolic resin are studied by monitoring enzyme activities during burial of fibers within a compost of organic soil and animal refuse. Results indicate that biodegradation of fibers is dominated initially by enzymatic hydrolysis of hemicellulose and amorphous cellulose and subsequently by crystalline cellulose degradation. For neem oil and phenolic resin treated fibers, the degradation of hemicelluloses and cellulose were found to proceed at a remarkably slower rate compared to untreated fibers due to relative nonavailability of degradable matter. 相似文献
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Pankaj Bharali Pranjal Saikia Lakshmi Katta Benjaram M. Reddy 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2013,19(1):327-336
The influence of Hf, Pr and Tb dopant cations on structural and catalytic properties of nanosized CexZr1?xO2 solid solutions has been investigated. A wide range of analytical techniques are utilized to characterize the synthesized materials, and the catalytic activity is evaluated for CO oxidation. XRD, Raman, SEM and TEM results suggested formation of dopant cation incorporated ceria–zirconia solid solutions with highly homogeneous morphology and lattice defects. The CO-TPR measurements revealed an enhanced reducibility of CexZr1?xO2 which is reflected in their better catalytic activity. The role of Tb4+/Tb3+ and Pr4+/Pr3+ redox couples in facilitating a higher activity has been addressed. 相似文献
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Dan Givoli Ritukesh Bharali Lambertus J. Sluys 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2017,112(2):125-156
The LATIN (acronym of LArge Time INcrement) method was originally devised as a non‐incremental procedure for the solution of quasi‐static problems in continuum mechanics with material nonlinearity. In contrast to standard incremental methods like Newton and modified Newton, LATIN is an iterative procedure applied to the entire loading path. In each LATIN iteration, two problems are solved: a local problem, which is nonlinear but algebraic and miniature, and a global problem, which involves the entire loading process but is linear. The convergence of these iterations, which has been shown to occur for a large class of nonlinear problems, provides an approximate solution to the original problem. In this paper, the LATIN method is presented from a different viewpoint, taking advantage of the causality principle. In this new view, LATIN is an incremental method, and the LATIN iterations are performed within each load step, similarly to the way that Newton iterations are performed. The advantages of the new approach are discussed. In addition, LATIN is extended for the solution of time‐dependent wave problems. As a relatively simple model for illustrating the new formulation, lateral wave propagation in a flat membrane made of a nonlinear material is considered. Numerical examples demonstrate the performance of the scheme, in conjunction with finite element discretization in space and the Newmark trapezoidal algorithm in time. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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C. K. V. Zainul Abid Sruti Chattopadhyay Nasreen Mazumdar Harpal Singh 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2010,116(3):1640-1649
Quaternary ammonium compounds are some of the most widely used antimicrobial agents for various medical applications due to their low toxicity and broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. Various generations of poly(ethyleneglycol)diacrylate (PEGDA) based dendrimers were synthesized by Michael addition reaction of PEGDA with ethylene diamine and diethyl amine. The percentage yield of different generation of dendrimers were 70%, 66%, 60%, and 85% for G1.0 (=), G1.5 (NH2), G2.0 (=), and G2.5 (=, NEt2), respectively. Synthesized dendrimers were also copolymerized with ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate by free radical bulk polymerization at room temperature using ammonium persulphate/N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethyl ethylenediamine as a redox initiator system to form dendritic copolymer networks. These networks were quaternized with hydrochloric acid by continuously refluxing at 40°C for 6 h. Dendrimers and quaternized dendritic copolymer networks were characterized by 1HNMR, FTIR, Differential scanning calorimetry, Thermogravimetric analysis, Scanning electron microscope, swelling, and leaching studies. Synthesized quaternary ammonium dendritic copolymer networks were found to be biostable and insoluble in water and capable of killing both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria when contaminated water was treated with them. It was also observed that antimicrobial efficiency of dendritic copolymer networks increases with the increase in nitrogen atoms in the copolymer. The dendritic copolymer network with 16 quaternary ammonium groups (G2.5 (=, NEt2): EGDMA QHCl) were highly efficient to disinfect 10 mL bacterial solution of 2000 cfu/mL within 2 min even at a very low concentration of 0.005 g/mL. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
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Gael B. Morrow Molly S. A. Carlier Sruti Dasgupta Fiona B. Craigen Nicola J. Mutch Nicola Curry 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
Fibrinogen is the first coagulation protein to reach critically low levels during traumatic haemorrhage. There have been no differential effects on clinical outcomes between the two main sources of fibrinogen replacement: cryoprecipitate and fibrinogen concentrate (Fg-C). However, the constituents of these sources are very different. The aim of this study was to determine whether these give rise to any differences in clot stability that may occur during trauma haemorrhage. Fibrinogen deficient plasma (FDP) was spiked with fibrinogen from cryoprecipitate or Fg-C. A panel of coagulation factors, rotational thromboelastography (ROTEM), thrombin generation (TG), clot lysis and confocal microscopy were performed to measure clot strength and stability. Increasing concentrations of fibrinogen from Fg-C or cryoprecipitate added to FDP strongly correlated with Clauss fibrinogen, demonstrating good recovery of fibrinogen (r2 = 0.99). A marked increase in Factor VIII, XIII and α2-antiplasmin was observed in cryoprecipitate (p < 0.05). Increasing concentrations of fibrinogen from both sources were strongly correlated with ROTEM parameters (r2 = 0.78–0.98). Cryoprecipitate therapy improved TG potential, increased fibrinolytic resistance and formed more homogeneous fibrin clots, compared to Fg-C. In summary, our data indicate that cryoprecipitate may be a superior source of fibrinogen to successfully control bleeding in trauma coagulopathy. However, these different products require evaluation in a clinical setting. 相似文献
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Alina Alexeenko Sruti ChigullapalliJuan Zeng Xiaohui GuoAndrew Kovacs Dimitrios Peroulis 《Reliability Engineering & System Safety》2011,96(9):1171-1183
Effects of uncertainties in gas damping models, geometry and mechanical properties on the dynamics of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) capacitive switch are studied. A sample of typical capacitive switches has been fabricated and characterized at Purdue University. High-fidelity simulations of gas damping on planar microbeams are developed and verified under relevant conditions. This and other gas damping models are then applied to study the dynamics of a single closing event for switches with experimentally measured properties. It has been demonstrated that although all damping models considered predict similar damping quality factor and agree well for predictions of closing time, the models differ by a factor of two and more in predicting the impact velocity and acceleration at contact. Implications of parameter uncertainties on the key reliability-related parameters such as the pull-in voltage, closing time and impact velocity are discussed. A notable effect of uncertainty is that the nominal switch, i.e. the switch with the average properties, does not actuate at the mean actuation voltage. Additionally, the device-to-device variability leads to significant differences in dynamics. For example, the mean impact velocity for switches actuated under the 90%-actuation voltage (about 150 V), i.e. the voltage required to actuate 90% of the sample, is about 129 cm/s and increases to 173 cm/s for the 99%-actuation voltage (of about 173 V). Response surfaces of impact velocity and closing time to five input variables were constructed using the Smolyak sparse grid algorithm. The sensitivity analysis showed that impact velocity is most sensitive to the damping coefficient whereas the closing time is most affected by the geometric parameters such as gap and beam thickness. 相似文献