Mn掺杂LiFePO4的结构及电化学性能研究

利用高温固相反应法在惰性气氛下合成了掺Mn的LiFePO4正极材料.考察了Mn2 的掺杂浓度对于目标化合物结构及其电化学性能的影响.应用XRD、循环伏安和恒流充放电等方法对产物进行了结构表征和性能测试.结果表明,产物具有单一的橄榄石型结构,Mn2 掺杂并未影响目标产物的结构,而是与LiFePO4形成了LiFe1-yMnyPO4(y为Mn的掺杂浓度)固溶体.目标产物具有优良的电化学性能.充放电测试表明,在0.1C倍率下放电,LiFe0.5Mn0.5PO4材料的首次放电比容量达129.1mAh/g,在4.1及3.5V处各存在一个放电平台.充放电循环20次循环后,容量仍保持在120.9mAh/g.利用循环伏安测试分析了Mn的改性效果及锂离子在目标化合物中脱嵌的过程.     

原位聚合制备PANI/GO复合材料及其电化学性能研究

利用原位化学氧化聚合的方法制备了聚苯胺/氧化石墨烯(PANI/GO)复合材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及红外光谱(IR)等方法对其结构和形貌进行了表征。利用自制的PANI/GO复合材料作为电极材料分别组装了超级电容器及锂离子电池,并对其电化学性能进行了测试。结果表明,GO在不同的电化学器件中均能够明显改善PANI的电化学性能。以PANI/GO作为超级电容器电极材料,放电时其比电容达413.28F/g,高于纯PANI的322.56F/g,1 000次循环后,容量保持率为70%。以PANI/GO作为锂离子电池正极材料,0.1C下首次放电比容量达104.4mAh/g,50次循环后,容量未见衰减。     

碳含量对LiFePO4/C复合正极材料性能的影响

Olivine-type LiFePO4/C composite cathode materials were synthesized by a solid-state reaction method in an inert atmosphere. The glucose was added as conductive precursors before the formation of the crystalline phase. The effects of glucose content on the properties of as-synthesized cathode materials were investigated. The crystal structure and the electrochemical performance were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, laser particle-size distribution measurement and electrochemical performance testing. The material has a single crystal olivine structure with grain-sizes ca. 100-200 nm. SEM micrographs and the corresponding energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS） data confirm that the carbon particulates produced by glucose pyrogenation are uniformly dispersed among the LiFePO4 grains, ensuring a good electronic contact. Impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the ohmic and kinetic contributions to the cell performance. It is found that increasing the carbon content leads to a reduction of the cell impedance due to the reduction of the charge transfer resistance. The galvanostatically charge and discharge tests show that the material obtained by adding 10% C （by mass） gives a maximum discharge capacity of 140.8mA·h·g^-1 at the same rate （C/10）. The material also displays a more stable cycle-life than the others.     

新型锂离子电池正极材料的研究进展

分析了橄榄石型磷酸锂铁(LiFePO4)的晶体结构,评述了近年来各种制备LiFePO4的方法,包括固相反应法、水热合成法、液相共沉淀法以及其他多种方法。介绍了国外对于提高LiFePO4的性能所进行的改性研究,并对其发展方向作出了展望。     

静电纺制备纳米纤维非织造电解质膜的研究

介绍了静电纺的基本原理、设备及生产工艺流程,分析了静电纺工艺的影响因素和静电纺制备纳米纤维膜研究状况等,同时对聚合物电解质膜的离子导电机理进行了探讨。     

尖晶石型锂锰氧化物正极材料的研究进展

概述了尖晶石锂锰氧化物的合成技术和电化学性能改进两方面的研究进展,并介绍了国内外有关尖晶石LiMn2O4的研究工作。对高温反应而言,包括高温固相反应法、熔融浸渍法、微波烧结法及其他改进的方法;在低温反应方法中,主要讨论了溶胶凝胶法、共沉淀法及乳化干燥法等。对尖晶石锂锰氧化物的各种制备方法中存在的优缺点进行了比较和评述。从比容量、循环性能及高温性能三个方面对尖晶石的电化学性能进行了综述。提高比容量,改善循环性能,尤其是高温下的循环性能将是今后LiMn2O4研究的发展方向。     

Effect of Carbon Content on Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO_4/C Composite Cathode

Olivine-type LiFePO_4/C composite cathode materials were synthesized by a solid-state reaction method in an inert atmosphere.The glucose was added as conductive precursors before the formation of the crystalline phase.The effects of glucose content on the properties of as-synthesized cathode materials were investigated.The crystal structure and the electrochemical performance were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),laser particle-size distribution measurement and electrochemical performance testing. The material has a single crystal olivine structure with grain-sizes ca.100-200 nm.SEM micrographs and the corresponding energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)data confirm that the carbon particulates produced by glucose pyrogenation are uniformly dispersed among the LiFePO_4 grains,ensuring a good electronic contact.Impedance spectroscopy was used to investigate the ohmic and kinetic contributions to the cell performance.It is found that increasing the carbon content leads to a reduction of the cell impedance due to the reduction of the charge transfer resistance.The galvanostatically charge and discharge tests show that the material obtained by adding 10% C(by mass)gives a maximum discharge capacity of 140. 8mA.h.g~(-1) at the same rate(C/10) .The material also displays a more stable cycle-life than the others.     

非水溶胶的研究进展

简述了非水溶胶的各种制备方法以及制备过程中反应体系的浓度、非水介质的种类、溶液的 p H值等因素的影响。对非水溶胶的应用 ,尤其是在制备各种功能材料方面的应用进行了介绍。此外对溶胶稳定性理论包括经典的 DLVO理论、空间稳定理论及空缺稳定理论方面的研究进行了综述 ,同时指出了稳定性领域仍存在不确定因素。     

Mg2+掺杂对LiFePO4结构及电化学性能的影响

以MgAC2为掺杂源,采用固相反应法在惰性气氛下合成了掺Mg的LiFePO4正极材料,考察了Mg2 对于目标化合物物理及电化学性能的影响.采用粉末X射线衍射和扫描电镜技术对产物的结构、形貌及粒度等进行了表征,通过恒电流充放电和交流阻抗技术对其电化学性能进行了研究.结果表明:少量的Mg2 掺杂并未影响产物结构,但却有利于减小LiFePO4电荷转移过程中的阻抗,克服该过程中的动力学限制.在0.1C倍率下放电,掺杂LiFePO4与未掺杂LiFePO4的初始放电容量分别为136.9和111.8 mA·h/g,循环50次后,容量分别为135.6和83.9 mA·h/g;与未掺杂的LiFePO4相比,掺镁后的LiFePO4具有更为优良的循环性能.     

聚吡咯/硫复合材料的制备及性能

为了抑制穿梭效应,提高锂硫电池的电化学性能,采用一步法制备聚吡咯/硫的复合材料。以过硫酸铵作为氧化剂、乙醇作为分散剂,用化学氧化聚合法制备导电聚吡咯的同时,原位沉积包覆硫,研究过硫酸铵和吡咯单体以不同氧化比反应制备聚吡咯/硫复合材料,并用SEM和TEM测试观察材料的形貌,用恒流充放电测试材料的电化学性能。结果表明:当过硫酸铵与吡咯以1∶1复合时,得到的聚吡咯/硫复合材料有较好的形貌;组装的电池在0.1 C的恒电流充放电测试下,初始放电比容量可以达到943.3 m A·h/g,循环20圈后,放电比容量仍然保持在747.9 mA·h/g,并且每圈的库伦效率都大于97%,表现出了较好的充放电性能和循环稳定性。