聚乙烯-碳纳米管串晶的高效制备(英文)

We report a novel method to prepare nanohybrid shish-kebab (NHSK) structure of polyethylene (PE) and carbon nanotube (CNT). Pristine CNTs without surface modification with high concentration was effectively dispersed in xylene solution by a simple shearing method, which induces the quick crystallization of PE in xylene to form a novel NHSK structure with more dense and smaller PE kebab on CNT axis. The flocculated NHSK product was transferred quickly from the xylene solution to the ethanol solution, in order to shorten the preparation time. The freeze-drying method was used in vacuum instead of high-temperature drying to avoid the aggregation of NHSK product. These improvements allow the formation of NHSK with an absolute yield of 200 mg·h-1 , which is 2000 folds of that reported previously. It is favorable to apply this structured material in high performance nanocomposite, by improving the compatibility of CNTs in polymer and the interfacial force between CNTs and polymer.     

离子液体型超级电容器软包高温老化性能评测研究

构筑了介孔炭,离子液体（EMIMBF₄）与泡沫铝极片结构的超级电容器软包（容量为40 F）,评测了其在2.7 V,65℃,1500 h老化实验中的性能。利用恒流充放电、恒流-恒压充放电模式评测,该电容器经过连续1500 h的高温处理后电容值衰减约10%,内阻增加比例低于40%。与传统的乙腈基电解液软包对比,虽然乙腈基软包起始内阻低,但产气多,且高温循环条件下容量衰减比例和内阻增加比例均劣于离子液体基电解液。上述对比说明,离子液体基电解液在泡沫铝三维导电导热结构的配合下,具有了良好的长周期循环性能。同时,由于其无毒性,可以用于封闭的楼宇空间或其他场所,提供本质安全性。     

石墨烯在锂离子电池和超级电容器中的应用展望

由于独特的结构和优异的性质,石墨烯在锂离子电池和超级电容器领域展现出潜在的应用前景,受到了科学界和产业界的广泛关注,涌现出大量的研究工作。就石墨烯在储能领域的应用进行了分析、同时对未来发展趋势进行了预判,以期加强对石墨烯结构-性能关系的理解。首先就石墨烯在锂离子电池的正极和负极中的应用,以及石墨烯在双电层电容器和赝电容电容器中的应用进行了介绍,其次,针对石墨烯应用于双电层电容器中存在的挑战进行了论述,同时针对性地提出了应用于双电层电容器的石墨烯结构。最后,提出了实现石墨烯基双电层电容器的商业化应用的"三步走路线"。     

碳纳米管聚团弹性体的结构调变

为得到更加密实的碳纳米管聚团弹性体,使之成作为一种能量吸收材料,在化学气相沉积制备碳纳米管过程中,提出通水提高Co-Mo-Al2O3催化剂裂解乙烯的活性,以便在短时间内促进碳纳米管快速生长的方法,可将碳纳米管聚团密度由40~65 kg/m3提高至120~140 kg/m3。结果表明,所得碳纳米管聚团结构具有明显的二级聚团孔结构分布特征,二级聚团压缩响应特征,并具有明显的高密度压缩体的优点,能够在较小的体积吸收更多能量。