复合调凝组分对硫铝酸盐水泥性能的影响及机理

为了有效控制硫铝酸盐水泥(SAC)的凝结时间,研究了硼砂、葡萄糖酸钠、柠檬酸钠单掺和复掺对硫铝酸盐水泥凝结时间和流动性能的影响。结果表明:葡萄糖酸钠与柠檬酸钠以一定质量比复合后可以有效控制水泥浆体的凝结时间,并很好地改善其工作性能和早期强度,而且葡萄糖酸钠与柠檬酸钠复合质量比为5∶1时对硫铝酸盐水泥的缓凝效果最好。水化早期浆体的XRD和SEM分析结果表明,复合调凝组分的加入减缓了钙矾石的生成,并且使得水化产物中CSH凝结的生成数量增多,从而有效抑制了硫铝酸盐水泥的水化速度,并改善了其工作性能。     

原料摩尔比对硫氧镁胶凝材料性能的影响

研究了氧化镁-硫酸镁摩尔比n(MgO)/n(MgSO4),水-硫酸镁摩尔比n(H2O)/n(MgSO4)对硫氧镁胶凝材料性能的影响及其微观机理.结果表明:固定n(H2O)/n(MgSO4)为19∶1,n(MgO)/n(MgSO4)为14∶1时硫氧镁胶凝材料力学性能最优;n(MgO)/n(MgSO4)超过14∶1后,硫氧镁胶硬化浆体中剩余MgO和Mg(OH)2的含量会增大,使硬化结构疏松,从而降低其力学性能;固定n(MgO)/n(MgSO4)为14∶1时,n(H2O)/n(MgSO4)的增大会延缓硬化硫氧镁浆体中碱式硫酸镁相的生成,造成微观结构中产生大量孔隙,从而导致其力学性能下降.     

浅析钢纤维混凝土断裂性能

使用INSTRON万能试验机测试普通混凝土和钢纤维混凝土的断裂全过程，以确定钢纤维混凝土的断裂参数，对更好地认识和研究钢纤维混凝土有很大的意义。     

钢渣改性硅酸盐水泥-水玻璃双液注浆复合材料的试验研究

研究了钢渣掺量、单浆液水胶比、双浆液体积比对钢渣改性硅酸盐水泥-水玻璃双液注浆复合材料工作性能影响规律。确定了钢渣改性硅酸盐水泥单浆液的最佳水胶比为0.6~0.8,平均粒径为20.4 μm的钢渣在改性硅酸盐水泥单浆液中的最佳质量分数为50%~80%,钢渣改性硅酸盐水泥单浆液与水玻璃单浆液的最佳体积比范围为4：1~6：1。根据以上参数所配制的钢渣改性硅酸盐水泥-水玻璃浆液硬化后在水中养护3天,早期强度均>40 MPa,软化系数也均>0.8。     

碳化对水泥混凝土内氯离子分布的影响

为合理评价钢筋混凝土腐蚀的氯离子含量,阐明碳化与氯盐复合作用下钢筋腐蚀的真实机理,研究了碳化对水泥石内氯离子分布的影响.结果表明:碳化作用下含氯盐水泥石非碳化区Friedel复盐衍射峰大量存在,而碳化区未见Friedel复盐衍射峰;碳化过程中Friedel复盐分解后产生的氯离子向非碳化区迁移和浓缩,氯离子在碳化区浓度降低,在碳化界面则明显升高.氯盐含量为1.0%(质量分数)的水泥石在碳化之前的氯离子分布比较均匀,其相对浓度峰值为68,碳化2周后峰值为151,碳化4周时峰值达到298,说明碳化与氯盐复合作用会显著降低钢筋腐蚀的初始氯离子含量,提高碳化界面的钢筋腐蚀概率,加快钢筋腐蚀速度.     

亚硝酸盐在混凝土结构中的阻锈作用(英文)

在钢筋混凝土表面涂刷亚硝酸盐水溶液的条件下,基于Fick第二定律,建立了亚硝酸根离子在混凝土中的迁移模型,并通过测定亚硝酸根离子在混凝土内的渗透浓度验证了该模型的合理性。结果表明:亚硝酸根离子在混凝土中具有良好的迁移能力;亚硝酸根离子的迁移作用使混凝土内钢筋表面的亚硝酸根离子浓度达到抑制钢筋腐蚀的有效摩尔比。依据Magge理论建立亚硝酸根离子的阻锈年限预测模型,并预测亚硝酸根离子保护钢筋的阻锈年限。     

拉应力对低水胶比混凝土抗碳化性能的影响

为了更准确预测承载混凝土结构碳化耐久性,采用拉应力-碳化耦合加载装置及空气渗透测定仪研究了不同拉应力水平对90d龄期低水胶比混凝土碳化性能的影响规律.结果表明:材料层次和构件层次低水胶比混凝土碳化速度均随拉应力水平提高呈EXP指数增加,材料层次碳化速度明显高于构件层次混凝土碳化速度,随着拉应力水平的提高,材料层次与构件层次的碳化速度差值越来越大;低水胶比混凝土空气渗透系数与拉应力水平之间也呈EXP指数关系,这可从机理上解释不同拉应力水平对低水胶比混凝土碳化性能的影响规律.     

Hydration evolution of pre-cast concrete with steam and water curing

The hydration characteristics of pre-cast concrete considering the effects of effective initial steam-curing and water-curing duration were measured and analyzed with XRD, TG, X-ray CT, SEM-BSE and MIP techniques. The results show that the effective initial steam-curing duration for pre-cast concrete with lower water-binder ratio was 10 14 h at 50 °C and the initial water-curing duration was 7 14 d. And the hydration evolution of cement, fly ash and slag in pre-cast concrete was obtained respectively by combining the hydrochlorides and EDTA selecting dissolution methods, based on which the contents of hydrated and anhydrate in concrete were calculated and the corresponding dynamic capillary porosity was also determined. Moreover, the comparison between calculated results and experimental ones indicates that the proposed evolution models of microscopic characteristics corresponding to hydration kinetics of cemented materials could be adopted to predict the developing trend of capillary porosity and hydration-products content in pre-cast concrete with fly ash and slag under certain curing conditions.     

碳化对混凝土碱骨料反应的影响

为了合理地评价混凝土碱骨料反应发生的碱含量,研究了碳化对水泥石中钠离子分布的影响,阐明碳化作用下混凝土碱骨料反应特征。研究结果表明:水泥石碳化之前截面的钠离子分布比较均匀,碳化作用下水泥石中钠离子从碳化区向非碳化区迁移和浓缩,钠离子在碳化区浓度减少,非碳化区浓度升高,碳化界面钠离子浓度最大,显著提高水泥石内未碳化区的钠离子浓度,降低碱骨料反应发生的初始碱含量限制标准,易发生碱骨料反应。     

Effects of specimen shape and size on water loss and drying shrinkage of cement-based materials

The effects of specimen size and shape on development of water loss and shrinkage of mortar and concrete respectively were investigated. The experimental results showed that the effects of specimen size and shape on water loss ratio were consistent with those on drying shrinkage strain. It is also indicated that drying shrinkage strain has obvious linear correlation with water loss ratios independent of specimen size and shape. The effects of specimen size and shape on the water loss ratio were embodied in established model of averaged relative humidity improved by considering effects of sequential hydration and calculated by finite difference method. Furthermore, the effects of specimen size and shape on drying shrinkage strain of concrete were experimentally deduced and applied to modify criterion EB-FIP1990. The comparison between experimental and calculated results shows that the modified EB-FIP1990 can be adopted to predict drying shrinkage strain of concrete with reasonable accuracy.