层流预混滞止火焰结构及传播速度的数值模拟

在考虑了甲烷与空气燃烧过程中１７种分子、原子和基团的４６个基元反应的基础上,采用数值模拟方法求解了甲烷层流滞止火焰结构,给出了各种组分与温度的空间分布,计算了不同拉伸率下的甲烷滞止火焰的传播速度,导出了层流预混火焰的传播速度。     

Progress of International Low-Temperature Plasma Research──Overview of the 15th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry

1. IntreductionBeginning from l973, under the sponsorship ofthe International Union of Pure & Applied Chem-istry (IUPAC), the ISPC has been run by the Sub-f committee on Plasma Chemistry Under the PhysicalCheinistry Division of the IUPAC. Sites of the pre-vious symposia were Kiel, Germany (1973), Rome,4f Italy (1975); Limoge, France (1977), Zurich, Switzer-land (l979); Edinburg, England (1981), Montreal,Canada (1983), Eindhoven, Holland (l985); Tokyo,Japan (1987); Pugnochiuso,…     

等离子体喷涂涂层细观结构与工艺相关性研究

采用改进的颗粒沉积模型和一种新建议的循环算法，利用数值方法模拟了等离子体喷涂中涂层的生长过程及涂层的细观结构．数值模拟，主要包括了陶瓷液滴的高速变形与凝固、涂层材料的堆积、涂层中细观空洞的形成与温度场的迭代计算等过程．研究结果表明，涂层中孔隙率的分布与一些关键工艺参数和基底表面状态等有关，液态陶瓷颗粒的直径和飞行速度的加大会引起涂层内孔隙率的增加，而基体温度和表面粗程度的升高则有利于提高涂层的致密度．本文的研究结果将有助于定量或半定量地优化选取工艺参数以便获得所需的涂层结构和改善涂层的力学性能．     

氢/空气火焰在半开口有障碍管道中的传播特性

针对氢／空气混合物，通过实验研究了其预混火焰在半开口管道中的火焰传播加速现象。结果表明，火焰传播状态随着氢气当量比的变化而发生改变。当氢／空气混合物被点燃后，由于障碍物的扰动，火焰在管道中不断加速传播，并最终到达一准稳态传播。在氢气当量比0．34附近时，火焰速度发生跃变。当氢气当量比足够大时，火焰传播由爆燃态转变为爆轰态。在本实验条件下，爆燃转准爆轰的临界条件是d/λ=2.6(d是圆环形障碍物内径，λ是爆轰格胞尺度）。障碍物阻塞比的变化对最大火焰速度和压力提升的影响不明显。     

我国中远期石油补充与替代能源发展战略研究

发展石油补充与替代能源对满足日益增长的石油需求和保障国家能源安全均有着重大意义.中国科学院学部组织有关院士及专家进行了我国中远期能源发展战略的研究.研究了我国的石油资源,预测了需求和产能,阐明了发展补充与替代能源的必要性.在发展替代燃料方面,研究了非常规石油开发,用煤和天然气制取燃料和用生物质制取燃料的有关进展与展望.在交通节油方面,研究了发展节油的综合交通体系,电气化轨道交通,节能、代用燃料与电动车辆,以及燃料电池与动力蓄电池的有关进展与展望.简要叙述了有关结论与建议.     

Preliminary Studies of Practicability of Laminar Plasma Surface Treatment Process

The basic remelting and cladding tests with laminar plasma technology on metals have been conducted in order to demonstrate the possibility of the technology applied in material surface modification. The experimental results show that the properties of the modified layers of the cast iron surface can be improved notably by the remelting treatment and those of the stainless steel by the cladding treatment. The related results are also verified by microscopic studies such as scanning electron microscopic （SEM） observations, energy dispersive spectra （EDS） analysis and the Vickers hardness measurements of the surface modified layers.     

Propagation Properties of Electromagnetic Wave in a Plasma Slab

In this paper, the calculated results about the propagation properties of electromag-netic wave in a plasma slab are described. The relationship of the propagation properties with frequencies of electromagnetic wave, and parameters of plasma (electron temperature, electron density, dimensionless collision frequency and the size of the plasma slab) is analyzed.     

Numerical Investigation on the Flow and Temperature Fields in an Inductively Coupled Plasma Reactor

1. IntroductionWith a rapid development of space technology,a variety of heat--resistant material have been developed since 60's to protect the spacecraft fromthe overheating when re-entry to the atmosphere.Modern materials qualified for thermal-resistance requires an ability to duplicate and understand theprevailing complex physico-chemical phenomena including thermal and chemical phenomena near thesurfaCe of the material. Usually the DC plasma gen--'erators serve to simulate the thermal and…     

Numerical Investigation of Flow Field of a Dual-jet Plasma Generator

1. IntroductionThe dual-Jet plasma generator is a novel kind ofDC plasma generator developed in recent years [14]. Its positive and negative electrodes are placedin two plajsma torches, respectively. The outgoingjets from the two torches form a passage for electrical current flowing between the electrodes, with theplasma volume in the form of a y－shaped stream.The plasma generator with electrical current pathoutside the torch has some desirable advantages overother kinds, including even mul…     

改进型液排渣煤粉燃烧器实验研究

对传统的液排渣型锅炉煤粉燃烧器进行了优化设计,并用五孔探针对改进后的燃烧室流场进行了冷态试验研究,测定了空气动力场特性。并对不同配风参数进行了热态实验,测量了室内温度场分布。试验表明,燃烧室有较高的燃烧强度和灰渣溶化率。该燃烧室内的温度水平基本达到国外同类设备水平。这些为液排渣锅炉煤粉燃烧器设计的进一步完善和工业试验提供了基础。