硫酸法锌盐类钛白盐分损失研究

针对硫酸法锌盐类钛白初品中盐分含量波动较大的难题,以二洗偏钛酸、磷酸、氢氧化钾和氧化锌为原料,在实验室开展了盐处理剂浓度、偏钛酸浓度和盐处理温度等工艺参数对盐处理剂损失规律的研究.研究结果表明,在研究的工艺参数下,钾盐、锌盐及磷酸盐三者的损失规律不一致,其中锌盐损失率比钾盐大,磷酸盐基本无损失;提高盐处理偏钛酸浓度、盐处理温度和煅烧温度有助于降低锌盐及钾盐的损失,降低盐处理剂加量和压榨效果有助于降低锌盐及钾盐的损失,盐处理时间对锌盐及钾盐损失无影响.本研究为硫酸法锌盐类钛白控制盐处理剂损失和稳定及提高产品质量提供了重要的技术支撑.     

Transient liquid phase diffusion process for porous mullite ceramics with excellent mechanical properties

Porous mullite ceramics were fabricated by the transient liquid phase diffusion process, using quartz and fly-ash floating bead (FABA) particles and corundum fines as starting materials. The effects of sintering temperatures on the evolution of phase composition and microstructure, linear shrinkage, porosity and compressive strength of ceramics were investigated. It is found that a large amount of quartz and FABA particles can be transformed into SiO₂-rich liquid phase during the sintering process, and the liquid phase is transient in the Al₂O₃-SiO₂ system, which can accelerate the mullitization rate and promote the growth of mullite grains. A large number of closed pores in the mullite ceramics are formed due to the transient liquid phase diffusion at elevated temperatures. The porous mullite ceramics with high closed porosity (about 30%) and excellent compressive strength (maximum 105?MPa) have been obtained after fried at 1700?°C.     

Bearing Failure Optimization of Composite Double-Lap Bolted Joints Based on a Three-Step Strategy Marked By Feasible Region Reduction and Model Decoupling

To minimize the mass and increase the bearing failure load of composite doublelap bolted joints, a three-step optimization strategy including feasible region reduction, optimization model decoupling and optimization was presented. In feasible region reduction, the dimensions of the feasible design region were reduced by selecting dominant design variables from numerous multilevel parameters by sensitivity analyses, and the feasible regions of variables were reduced by influence mechanism analyses. In model decoupling, the optimization model with a large number of variables was divided into various sub-models with fewer variables by variance analysis. In the third step, the optimization sub-models were solved one by one using a genetic algorithm, and the modified characteristic curve method was adopted as the failure prediction method. Based on the proposed optimization method, optimization of a double-lap single-bolt joint was performed using the ANSYS^® code. The results show that the bearing failure load increased by 13.5% and that the mass decreased by 8.7% compared with those of the initial design of the joint, which validated the effectiveness of the three-step optimization strategy.     

高准确度静态质量法液体流量标准装置及其不确定度评价

本文介绍了一种高准确度质量法液体流量标准装置的设计方法,为对市场中出现的高准确度科里奥利质量流量计的量值传递提供了可能。文中介绍了装置设计过程中,为提高装置准确度用到的电动换向、衡器自校准、蒸馏水代替自来水等方法。试验证明,上述方法的应用使装置达到了预期的不确定度水平。文章还着重介绍了高准确度静态质量法液体流量标准装置不确定度的评价要点,对装置的不确定度水平进行了评定。     

An Efficient Approach for Nodal Water Demand Estimation in Large-scale Water Distribution Systems

Water Resources Management - Real-time modeling of a water distribution system (WDS) is a critical step for the control and operation of such systems. The nodal water demand, as the most important...     

全自动凯氏定氮仪测定蛋白质(以N计)不确定度分析与探讨

目的:用全自动凯氏定氮仪测定蛋白质(以N计)不确定度进行分析与探讨。方法 :采用GB 5009.5-2016第一法凯氏定氮法测定蛋白质(以N计)含量,建立数学模型,通过对各个不确定度分量的计算合成,找出影响测量不确定度的因素,最终得出样品中蛋白质(以N计)含量的扩展不确定度与合成标准不确定度。结果:蛋白质(以N计)含量测定的扩展不确定度为(20.93±0.25)%,k=2。结论:采用JJF 1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》,对不确定度进行评定,确保蛋白质(以N计)含量结果的准确性。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定小麦粉中铅及其不确定度评定

通过建立数学模型,对电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定小麦粉中的铅的进行不确定度评定。分析并计算了各不确定度分量,计算合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果表明,方法测量不确定度主要由曲线校正和样品测试重复性引入,而定容体积和称样过程的不确定度可忽略不计。     

测绘仪器精度状况管理方法探讨

测绘仪器精度状况管理是一项繁杂的、经常性的工作，Excel具有数据库的最基本的功能，利用Excel进行测绘仪器精度状况管理可以极大地提高效率，而且非常经济。本文以常规大地测量仪器为例子提出了其具体办法。     

铁路机车车轮踏面失圆的检测方法综述

20世纪70年代以来,世界各国针对铁路机车车轮踏面失圆进行了不懈的研究,提出了多种不同的检测方法。文中对铁路机车车轮踏面失圆原因、踏面失圆形式以及踏面失圆检测方法进行了综述。     

循环流化床供热锅炉床温控制系统的优化

由于PID控制无法对循环流化床锅炉燃烧系统的控制对象建立精确的模型,供热站2台40 t循环流化床锅炉一直由人工调节风煤量,不能投入自动运行。对原有的床温串级PID控制系统进行改进,将模糊控制器和PID调节器并列使用,即将模糊控制器的输出端(AV)连入PID调节器的输出补偿端(OC),以便得到满意的控制性能。现场运行结果表明模糊控制对循环流化床锅炉燃烧系统具有较理想的控制效果。改进后的系统在煤质不变的情况下基本实现了给定负荷下床温的自动控制。