CVD宏观量半连续制备纳米碳管的研究

研究了以乙炔为基本原料,用Ｎ_２做载流气体;以纳米钻颗粒为催化剂在７００～８００℃常压下纳米碳管的宏观量制备．粗产品中纳米碳管的含量接近５０％,而且纳米碳管缺陷很少,直而长,石墨化好．纳米碳管的形核过程是因为碳在催化剂表面分布不均匀造成的．纳米碳管的生长极限在１５ｍｉｎ左右,然后生长变得缓慢,纳米碳管的一般长度在５～３０μｍ．     

Acid/base treatment of monolithic activated carbon for coating silver with tunable morphology

Silver coatings on the exterior surface of monolithic activated carbon (MAC) with different morphology were prepared by directly immersing MAC into [Ag(NH₃)₂]NO₃ solution. Acid and base treatments were employed to modify the surface oxygenic groups of MAC, respectively. The MACs’ Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, surface groups, and silver coating morphology were characterized by N₂ adsorption, elemental analysis (EA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The coating morphology was found to be closely related to the surface area and surface functional groups of MAC. For a raw MAC which contained a variety of oxygenic groups, HNO₃ treatment enhanced the relative amount of highly oxidized groups such as carboxyl and carbonates, which disfavored the deposition of silver particles. By contrast, NaOH treatment significantly improved the amount of carbonyl groups, which in turn improved the deposition amount of silver. Importantly, lamella silver was produced on raw MAC while NaOH treatment resulted in granular particles because of the capping effect of carbonyl groups. At appropriate [Ag(NH₃)₂]NO₃ concentrations, silver nanoparticles smaller than 100 nm were homogeneously dispersed on NaOH-treated MAC. The successful tuning of the size and morphology of silver coatings on MAC is promising for novel applications in air purification and for antibacterial or aesthetic purposes.     

定向生长阵列化纳米碳管研究进展

本文介绍了目前有关定向纳米碳管制备的一些主要方法 ,并概述了定向纳米碳管的形态结构特征。定向生长的纳米碳管阵列由于其优越的电子发射特性 ,因而在平面显示器等方面具有良好的应用前景     

Co/MgO固体催化剂CVD法合成单壁纳米碳管的研究

分别用浸渍法、离子吸附沉淀法、溶胶一凝胶法制备了四组Co／MgO催化剂．1000C时,这些催化剂均能在CH4气氛下合成单壁纳米碳管,产量受催化剂活性组分尺寸影响明显．经透射电子显微镜(TEM)和热重分析(TGA)结果发现,浸渍法中以乙醇作为溶剂制备的催化剂所制得的产物中含有最多的单壁纳米碳管;离子吸附沉淀法所得的催化剂因沉淀的活性组分颗粒过大而不适合于单壁纳米碳管的生长;溶胶一凝胶法通过优化工艺将有望获得高产率的制备单壁碳管的催化剂．TEM和电子衍射观测同时表明所制得的单壁纳米碳管的直径都分布在1nm左右,且大部分聚集成束．     

催化氧化去除室内甲醛技术的研究进展

室内污染物甲醛的处理关系到人类的生命健康。室温下催化氧化法处理甲醛以其能耗低、浓度处理范围宽、处理深度高等特有的优势正逐步被研究开发,是目前室内甲醛处理的主流方法,也是最有前途的方法。综述了不同催化体系处理甲醛的优点及缺点,讨论了相应的催化机理,并预测了催化氧化法处理甲醛的发展方向。