绿色环保型微球的合成及性能评价

以改性淀粉、海藻酸钠改性SiO2为单体,采用反相乳液聚合法合成了绿色环保型微球体系.改性淀粉微球目前仅用于钻井液中,易降解,不适合用于驱油.本文介绍了改性淀粉占比、交联剂、引发剂及油水配比对合成产品的影响,对微球的耐温抗盐、热稳定及封堵性能进行了评价,结果表明:在交联剂质量分数为0.3％ ～0.5％、引发剂加量为单体质量的0.5％、油水配比为1:1、改性淀粉占比为3％时,合成的微球体系为乳白色半透明均相液体,初始粒径0.3～3μm.该微球体系在温度90℃、矿化度2.0×105 mg/L条件下膨胀性能较好,膨胀倍数>4,可在渗透率小于0.5μm2的油藏中形成有效封堵.本次合成对其性能进行了提升,增强了其在地层内的稳定性.     

Peptide-Mimicking Poly(2-oxazoline)s Displaying Potent Antimicrobial Properties

Poly(2-oxazoline)s have excellent biocompatibility and have been used as FDA-approved indirect food additives. The inert property of the hydrophilic poly(2-oxazoline)s suggests them as promising substitutes for poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in various applications such as anti-biofouling agents. It was recently reported that poly(2-oxazoline)s themselves have antimicrobial properties as synthetic mimics of host defense peptides. These studies revealed the bioactive properties of poly(2-oxazoline)s as a new class of functional peptide mimics, by mimicking host defense peptides to display potent and selective antimicrobial activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus both in vitro and in vivo, without concerns about antimicrobial resistance. The high structural diversity, facile synthesis, and potent and tunable antimicrobial properties underscore the great potential of poly(2-oxazoline)s as a class of novel antimicrobial agents in dealing with drug-resistant microbial infections and antimicrobial resistance.     

梧桐絮制备多孔纤维碳材料及其在超级电容器中的应用

以法国梧桐絮为原料、KOH为活化剂,通过碳化制备多孔纤维碳材料,并在此基础上组装了超级电容器器件。通过SEM、EDS、XRD、Raman、FTIR、BET等对制备的多孔纤维碳材料进行表征,并研究了多孔纤维碳材料电极的电化学性能。结果表明:在扫描速率为50 mV·s~(-1)时,800℃下碳化制备的梧桐絮多孔纤维碳材料电极的比电容可以达到236 F·g~(-1);所组装电极在循环10 000次后,比电容仍维持原来的99.8%,表明梧桐絮多孔纤维碳材料在超级电容器领域有巨大的应用潜力。     

社会主义核心价值观融入高职英语教学研究

在经济全球化、文化碰撞融合、价值多元化的开放时代,高职学生的价值观形成遇到挑战。社会主义核心价值观兼顾国家、社会、个人三个层面,是新时代中国发展、社会进步和个人发展的根本指针。高职英语课堂是中西文化交融的前沿阵地。为了培养有德行、有技能的新时代劳动者,最终实现“以德立人、以技立业”,高职英语课堂有责任融入社会主义核心价值观,将知识传授、技能培养与德育相结合。     

可持续煤矿矿井水处理与资源化技术综述

煤矿开采过程中会产生大量的废弃矿井水,不仅造成水资源的大量浪费,而且还威胁着矿区生态环境。本文综述了我国常见矿井水的常规处理方法,以及将矿井水视为水资源的可持续矿井水水处理与资源化技术,首次提出以“时间维度和空间维度”对矿井水进行全时空处理,并着重阐述了矿井水分级处理、分质利用技术,反渗透浓水处理与资源化技术,煤泥处理与资源化技术,以及重金属回收与利用技术等,对煤矿区矿井水处理与资源化利用具有指导意义。     

基于地理场景的矿区监控选址模型

能够对矿山人、机、环境进行实时测控和数字化建设的智慧矿山平台，可以使整个矿山具有自我分析和决策的能力，实现矿山生产管理过程中的可视化、自动化、智能化以及无人化，达到高产、高效和安 全的目的。构建地理视频系统是解决智慧矿山平台中安全问题的一种重要手段，针对矿山安全中视频监控设备的选址问题，提出了一种基于地理场景的矿区监控选址模型。该模型首先通过对比分析几种典型语义模型 中的地理实体、地理场景、监控设备、选址原则，从中提取了一组面向监控选址的、可扩充的地理场景语义分类模型。然后将监控候选点群以及监控设备的视域范围作为参数输入基于监控选址的集合覆盖模型，并使 用线性规划方法进行求解。最后以某矿区为例进行试验，证明该模型能够对研究区域进行科学合理的监控设备选址。试验结果表明：候选点分布均匀，且具有一定的规律，说明所提方法能够取代以往的人工筛选方法 ，提高选址效率和准确性，对于不断变化的监控需求和环境要素有较好的应对能力。     

Perovskite SrFe1-xTixO3-δ (x < = 0.1) cathode for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell

Stable and compatible cathode materials are a key factor for realizing the low-temperature (LT, ≤600?°C) operation and practical implementations of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this study, perovskite oxides SrFe_1-xTi_xO_3-δ (x?< = 0.1), with various ratios of Ti doping, are prepared by a sol-gel method for cathode material for LT-SOFCs. The structure, morphology and thermo-gravimetric characteristics of the resultant SFT powders are investigated. It is found that the Ti is successfully doped into SrFeO_3-δ to form a single phase cubic perovskite structure and crystal structure of SFT shows better stability than SrFeO_3-δ. The dc electrical conductivity and electrochemical properties of SFT are measured and analysed by four-probe and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) measurements, respectively. The obtained SFT exhibits a very low polarization resistance (R_p), .01 Ωcm² at 600?C. The SFT powders using as cathode in fuel cell devices, exhibit maximum power density of 551?mW?cm^?2 with open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.15?V at 600?C. The good performance of the SFT cathode indicates a high rate of oxygen diffusion through the material at cathode. By enabling operation at low temperatures, SFT cathodes may result in a practical implementation of SOFCs.     

La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ nanofiber cathode for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells by water-based sol-gel electrospinning: Synthesis and electrochemical behaviour

Water-based sol-gel electrospinning is employed to manufacture perovskite oxide La_0.6Sr_0.4Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-δ (LSCF) nanofiber cathodes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells. LSCF fibrous scaffolds are synthesized through electrospinning of a sol-gel solution employing water as the only solvent. Morphological characterizations demonstrate that the LSCF fibers have highly crystalline structure with uniform elemental distribution. After heat treatment, the average fiber diameter is 250 nm and the porosity of the nanofiber tissue is 37.5 %. The heat treated LSCF nanofibers are applied directly onto a Ce_0.9Gd_0.1O_1.95 (CGO) electrolyte disk to form a symmetrical cell. Electrochemical characterization is carried out through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in the temperature range 550?°C–950?°C, and reproducibility of the electrochemical performance for a series of cells is demonstrated. At 650?°C, the average measured polarization resistance R_p is 1.0 Ω cm². Measured performance decay is 1 % during the first 33?h of operation at 750?°C, followed by an additional 0.7 % over the subsequent 70?h.     

H3PW12O40/酸改性硅藻土催化剂的制备、表征及催化合成乙酸正丁酯

以硫酸改性后的硅藻土为载体，Keggin结构磷钨酸为活性组分，通过浸渍法制备出负载型催化剂H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/改性硅藻土，并对催化剂进行傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线能谱（EDS）和N₂-程序升温脱附（N₂-TPD）表征。结果表明：酸改性后硅藻土的微孔增大增多，比表面积增大。H₃PW₁₂O₄₀均匀分布在改性硅藻土载体上，负载后磷钨酸仍保持Keggin结构。以H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/改性硅藻土为催化剂催化乙酸和正丁醇液相合成乙酸正丁酯，通过正交试验探索优化工艺条件。在较优工艺条件下，即w(40%H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/改性硅藻土)=1.1%（基于反应物质量），n(酸)∶n(醇)=1∶3，125℃反应2.0h，酯化率高达98.1%。催化剂重复催化使用5次，酯化率仍可达86.1%。H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/改性硅藻土可作为催化合成乙酸正丁酯的高效催化剂，具有活性高、用量少、价格低廉、制备简单、后处理简便、无废液排放等优点。     

Enhanced Oxidative Desulfurization of Dibenzothiophene by Functional Mo‐Containing Mesoporous Silica

Functional mesoporous Mo–SiO₂ materials were synthesized by a one‐pot and facile room‐temperature procedure, and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, FT‐IR, diffuse reflectance spectra, and BET analysis. The experimental results demonstrated that the mesoporous materials presented a high dispersion of molybdenum species and excellent catalytic activity for the removal of dibenzothiophene (DBT) without organic solvents as extractants. The catalytic performance on different sulfur‐containing compounds was also investigated in detail. After recycling for eight times, the removal of the oxidation desulfurization system could still reach high values. GC‐MS analysis detected the oxidation product of DBT. A mechanism was proposed for the absorptive oxidation process of sulfur compounds.