Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-xY-1.5MM-0.4Zr alloys

Age hardening,microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-xY-1.5MM-0.4Zr (x=0,2,4,6 wt.%) alloys (MM represents Ce-based misch-metal) were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the formed precipitates being responsible for age hardening changed from fine hexagonal-shaped equilibrium Mg12MM phase to metastable β’ phase with bco crystal structure when Y was added into Mg-1.5MM-0.4Zr alloy,and the volume fraction of precipitate phases also increased. With the increase of Y content in Mg-Y-1.5MM-0.4Zr alloys,it was found that the age hardening was enhanced,the grain sizes became finer and the tensile strength was improved. The cubic-shaped β-Mg24Y5 precipitate phases were observed at grain boundaries in Mg-6Y-1.5MM-0.4Zr alloy. It was suggested that the distribution of prismatic shaped β’ phases and cubic shaped β-Mg24Y5 precipitate phases in Mg matrix might account for the remarkable enhancement of tensile strength of Mg-Y-MM-Zr alloy. It was shown that the Mg-6Y-1.5MM-0.4Zr alloy was with maximum tensile strength at aged-peak hardness,UTS of 280 MPa at room temperature and 223 MPa at 250 oC,respectively.     

化学气相渗透法制备三维针刺C/SiC复合材料的烧蚀性能

用化学气相渗透法制备了三维针刺碳纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料,复合材料的平均密度为2.15 g/cm3,气孔率为16.0%.用氧乙炔焰研究了复合材料的烧蚀性能,用扫描电镜分析了烧蚀表面的形貌,用表面能谱分析了烧蚀产物的成分.复合材料的线烧蚀率和质量烧蚀率分别为0.03mm/s和0.004 7 g/s.在烧蚀中心区,烧蚀最严重,表层只有C纤维骨架,且C纤维呈针状,复合材料的烧蚀以升华和冲刷为主.在烧蚀过渡区,垂直于烧蚀面的C纤维表现出端部锐化、根部细化的特性,平行于烧蚀面的C纤维呈针状,复合材料的烧蚀以氧化和机械剥蚀为主.烧蚀边缘烧蚀不明显,烧蚀产物和SiC基体熔融后覆盖在烧蚀表面,阻碍了复合材料的进一步烧蚀,复合材料的烧蚀以氧化为主.     

稀土Ce和Y对AZ80镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过元素分析、性能测试、XRD、SEM和TEM等手段分析了稀土Ce和Y对AZ80镁合金熔炼、组织和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:在AZ80合金熔炼过程中,添加稀土Y元素能够起到有效除Fe的作用;AZ80合金中分别添加1%(质量分数)的Ce和Y,可以显著细化合金的晶界第二相,并在晶界上分别生成针状的Al11Ce3相和块状的Al2Y相;挤压变形后,Al-RE相在晶界上能够通过阻止位错运动而有效抑制再结晶晶粒长大;挤压+T5处理后,含1%Y的合金具有最好的力学性能,抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到390和250 MPa,而含1%Ce的合金无论是在挤压态还是T5处理后,其力学性能最低。     

Al-Zn-Ni-Mg-Cu变形铝合金的共晶强化效应

在Al-Zn-Mg-Cu变形铝合金中加入质量分数3%～5%的Ni元素,通过共晶反应形成了大量的Al_3Ni相,除MgZn_2相时效强化以外还增加了Al_3Ni相的弥散强化作用。Ni含量的增加既改善了Al-Zn-Mg-Cu变形铝合金的铸造性能和可焊性,又提高了抗拉强度和屈服强度。Al-Zn-Ni-Mg-Cu铝合金较佳的成分为Al-5.6Zn-3.5Ni-2Mg-1Cu,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率分别为650 MPa、572 MPa和7.5%,焊接接头的抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别为323 MPa、2%。随着强度的增加,Al_3Ni相由界面撕裂转变为自身断裂,Ni含量的增加提高了Al_3Ni的强化效果,但不宜超过共晶点。降低Al_3Ni相的长径比能抑制Al_3Ni相的自身断裂,Al_3Ni相的均匀分布能阻碍再结晶晶粒的异常长大。     

挤压铸造Mg-Nd-Gd-Zn-Zr稀土镁合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用砂型铸造和挤压铸造法制备了低稀土含量(低于4％)Mg-Nd-Gd-Zn-Zr镁合金,并对铸态、T6处理态镁合金的显微组织和力学性能进行研究.结果表明:砂型铸造镁合金晶粒粗大,力学性能较低;挤压铸造镁合金的晶粒细小、组织致密,并且气孔、疏松等缺陷较少,拉伸强度比砂型铸造镁合金要高12.9％;经T6处理后,挤压铸造镁合金的拉伸强度提高了27.5％.     

三维针刺碳纤维增强SiC复合材料在加载-卸载下的拉伸行为

对T300碳纤维增强三维针刺碳纤维增强SiC(C/SiC)复合材料(纤维体积含量为30%)的单调和加载-卸载拉伸载荷下的拉伸行为进行了研究.结果表明:T300碳纤维增强三维针刺C/SiC复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂应变分别为129.6MPa和0.61%.单调和加载-卸载拉伸应力-应变曲线均为非线性变化,主要是复合材料中裂纹的扩展,界面相脱黏和滑移,以及纤维的逐步断裂和拔出所致,使得复合材料在拉伸载荷下呈非脆性破坏.卸载应力水平对卸载后的残余应变和再加载模量有较大影响.卸载应力小于80 MPa时,随着卸载应力的增加,残余应变线性增加,模量线性降低:卸载应力高于80MPa时,二者随着卸载应力的增加而呈二次函数快速变化.     

Microstructure and creep behaviour of Mg-12Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.4Zr alloy

Microstructure and creep behaviour of Mg-12Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.4Zr alloy prepared by squeeze casting were investigated. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation revealed that a kind of lamellar-shaped morphologies 14h long-period stacking order structure (LPSO) and dense β’-phase precipitates were formed by heat treatment. The alloy exhibited good creep resistance. It was shown that the creep-resistant performance kept stable because of the restriction of dense β’-phase precipitates and LPSO phases to the movement of dislocations, and the formation of β-phase plates took responsibility for the softening of material during creep. Stress and temperature dependence of the steady-state creep rate were studied over stress range of 50-100 MPa and a temperature range of 250-300 oC, and a dislocation creep mechanism was proposed for the alloy.     

纳米TiN颗粒对A356铝合金组织和性能的影响

研究经过表面镀Ni处理的纳米TiN颗粒对A356铝合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,经过表面处理的纳米TiN颗粒对Si相的细化效果较好,使Si相的形态和分布得到改善,材料的抗拉强度提高约11%,伸长率提高约92%。     

稀土微合金化AZ80镁合金的热压缩变形行为

在应变速率为0.01~10 s-1、温度为300~450℃的条件下,采用热机械模拟实验研究稀土微合金化AZ80镁合金的热压缩变形行为。结果表明,温度和应变速率对流变应力的影响显著,随着试验温度的升高和应变速率的降低,流变应力减小。微合金化后镁合金的热压缩变形仍受热激活控制,可采用Z参数描述合金在高温压缩变形时的流变应力-应变行为。     

三维针刺C/SiC复合材料的结构特征和力学性能

采用化学气相渗透法制备了在厚度方向上具有纤维增强的三维针刺碳纤维增强碳化硅(C/SiC)陶瓷基复合材料,复合材料的密度和气孔率分别为2.15 h/cm3和16%.三维针刺C/SiC复合材料中的针刺纤维将各层紧密结合在一起,其层间抗剪切强度显著提高,为95MPa,比二维碳布叠层C/SiC复合材料的剪切强度(35MPa)高171.4%.三维针刺C/SiC复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别为159MPa和350MPa,断裂模式为非脆性断裂,包括:裂纹扩展、偏转,碳纤维的拉伸断裂和逐步拔出.