绿色环保型气体绝缘材料研究进展

SF_6是中高压领域应用最广的气体绝缘与灭弧介质,但该气体是一种强温室气体,对环境存在严重威胁。长期以来,国内外在SF_6替代气体探索方面开展了大量研究工作,近期取得了许多积极进展。本文综述了SF_6替代气体的最新研究进展,重点介绍了SF_6替代气体的绝缘性能和灭弧性能研究情况,并在此基础上汇总了环保型中高压电力设备的研制与应用进展。最后,对该领域的现状与下一步的研究方向进行了探讨。     

Calculation and characteristic analysis on synergistic effect of CF3I gas mixtures

CF_3I is a potential SF_6 alternative gas.In order to study the insulation properties and synergistic effects of CF_3I/N_2 and CF_3I/CO_2 gas mixtures,two-term approximate Boltzmann equations were used to obtain the ionization coefficient α,attachment coefficient η and the critical equivalent electrical field strength(E/N)_(cr).The results show that the(E/N)_(cr)of CF_3I gas at 300 K is 1.2 times that of SF_6 gas,and CF_3I/N_2 and CF_3I/CO_2 gas mixtures both have synergistic effect occurred.The synergistic effect coefficient of CF_3I/CO_2 gas mixture was higher than that of CF_3I/N_2 gas mixture.But the(E/N)_(cr)of CF_3I/N_2 is higher than that of CF_3I/CO_2 under the same conditions.When the content of CF_3I exceeds 20%,the (E/N)_(cr) of CF_3I/N_2 and CF_3I/CO_2 gas mixture increase linearly with the increasing of CF_3I gas content.The breakdown voltage of CF_3I/N_2 gas mixture is also higher than that of CF_3I/CO_2 gas mixture in slightly non-uniform electrical field under power frequency voltage,but the synergistic effect coefficients of the two gas mixtures are basically the same.     

频率扰动录波器的设计与发展

频率是决定电力系统性能最重要的参数之一。为了加深对电网频率扰动的认识,提高电力系统在线监测水平,本课题组在2000年左右提出了建立电力系统频率监测网(Frequency Monitoring Network,FNET)的设想,经过一段时间的努力,目前已在北美地区建立了全面覆盖的频率监测信息系统。FNET系统由许多高精密的频率扰动录波器组成,这些频率扰动录波器(Frequency Disturbance recorder,FDR)可以便携地接入到110 V/220 V的电源插座上,实时获取动态的电网频率数据,并通过网络远距离传送所测得的频率数据至信息处理中心,从而实现对电网安全稳定性的实时动态监视。目前已经有超过40台频率扰动录波器部署于美国境内用来监测整个电力网络。文中总结了一些FDR已实现的设计思路并且讨论了FNET在硬件方面的研究进展。     

CF3I-N2混合气体作为SF6替代气体用于GIS/C-GIS的绝缘性能分析（英文）

CF3I has been widely considered as a potential alternative for SF6,because it has low global warming potential(GWP)but an insulation capability that is 1.2 times greater than that of SF6.In this paper,the electron swarm parameters of CF3I and its gas mixture with N2,including the effective ionization coefficient and electron drift velocity,are examined theoretically through the Boltzmann equation method in the condition of steady-state Townsend(SST)experiments.Based on the derived data of the limiting field strength of CF3I-N2gas mixture,taking into consideration of environmental aspects such as GWP,ozone depletion potential(ODP),liquefaction temperature and toxicity,we studied the possibility of applying the gas mixture as the insulation medium in gas-insulated switchgears(GIS)or cubic type gas-insulated switchgears(C-GIS).It is found that CF3I-N2gas mixtures contained 30%～70%CF3I perform comprehensively better than pure SF6and compressed N2,and especially in medium and low voltage environments,the boiling point of CF3I-N2gas mixture meets the domestic and global requirements in mid-low latitude regions.Therefore we conclude that the gas mixture is acceptable for replacing SF6as the insulation medium in C-GISs.     

C_5F_(10)O-CO_2和C_5F_(10)O-N_2电弧等离子体热动属性与输运参数对比分析

C_5F_(10)O及其混合气体为潜在的SF_6替代气体,研究其热动属性与输运参数特性对于进一步研究其灭弧性能和掌握气体性质具有重要意义。由于C_5F_(10)O的液化温度较高,需要添加缓冲气体,为此计算对比C_5F_(10)O分别与CO_2和N_2混合气体电弧等离子体的热动属性与输运参数。首先计算300~30 000 K温度范围内两种混合气体的平衡态化学组成;在此基础上,对比分析了两种混合气体电弧等离子体的热动属性(质量密度、比焓、比热),以及输运参数(电导率、热导率、黏性系数)的变化规律。结果表明,N_2和CO_2气体的分解温度及组成元素的差异,导致C_5F_(10)O-N_2和C_5F_(10)O-CO_2在该温度范围内的化学组成、热动属性和输运参数存在较大差异,此差异会影响气体电弧特性。此外,计算结果可为进一步研究C_5F_(10)O混合气体电弧特性及灭弧性能提供基础,同时有助于理解不同气体的灭弧性能差异及原因。     

Measurement of Electron Swarm Parameters in Nitrous Oxide

This study has measured the density-normalized effective ionization coefficients （α-η）/N, the electron drift velocity V e and the diffusion coefficient D L in nitrous oxide （N₂O） using a pulsed Townsend technique. The range of the overall density-normalized electric field strength E/N is from 100 Td to 400 Td （1 Td=10 17 V·cm2）. From the above plots of （α-η）/N, we have derived the limiting field strength, （E/N） lim ≈ 150 Td, which is the value of E/N at which （α-η）/N=0.     

新型环保绝缘气体研发回顾与展望

文中针对目前电力行业SF6替代的迫切问题,重点回顾了环保型SF6替代气体的重要探索历程,以及气体分子设计方法的发展趋势,指出传统方法难以创造出新颖的分子结构以兼顾环保绝缘气体的各项性能要求.针对目前的问题与挑战,文中创新性地提出将材料基因工程这一兼具颠覆性和可行性的前沿技术引入到新型气体的探索研究中,研发出性能更优的单...     

基于Boltzmann方程的CF_3I混合气体协同效应分析

CF_3I是一种极具潜力的SF_6替代气体,为了研究CF_3I在不同缓冲气体中的绝缘特性和协同效应,通过求解两项近似Boltzmann方程,对不同混合比例CF_3I/N_2和CF_3I/CO_2混合气体的协同效应系数进行了计算分析,并与试验结果进行对比。计算结果表明,300 K时CF_3I的绝缘强度是SF_6气体的1.2倍,CF_3I/N_2和CF_3I/CO_2混合气体都出现了协同效应现象,CF_3I/CO_2混合气体的协同效应系数显著高于CF_3I/N_2混合气体,但CF_3I/N_2混合气体的绝缘强度高于相同条件下的CF_3I/CO_2混合气体。当CF_3I含量超过20%时,CF_3I/N_2及CF_3I/CO_2混合气体的绝缘强度随CF_3I含量变化基本呈线性变化。试验结果显示,CF_3I/N_2混合气体的击穿电压同样高于CF_3I/CO_2混合气体,但两种混合气体的协同效应系数基本相同。