基于度量学习的意图识别和槽填充方法

人机对话中小样本学习场景下的意图识别和槽填充,是自然语言处理的一个重要课题.本文采用基于度量学习的方法,通过计算query set中的样本与support set中样本的距离,寻找距离最近的类别样本作为分类标签,同时将两个任务联合进行训练,用以提升模型的效果.从实验结果中可以得出,本文提出的Fine-tune方法,对意图识别和槽填充任务都有一定的帮助和提升.胶囊网络在意图识别中也起到了一定的效果,可以帮助去除一部分无关信息,但对槽填充任务的帮助不明显;而任务自适应的投影网络,可以更好地将不同类的向量分开,提升了两个任务的性能.     

Bioinspired Triboelectric Soft Robot Driven by Mechanical Energy

A sustainable power source is a key technical challenge for practical applications of electrically responsive soft robots, especially the required voltage is over several thousand volts. Here, a practicable new technology, triboelectric soft robot (TESR) system with the primary characteristics of power source from mechanical energy, is developed. At its heart is TESR with bioinspired architectures made of soft-deformable body and two triboelectric adhesion feet, which is driven and accurately controlled through triboelectric effect, while reaching maximum crawling speeds of 14.9 mm s⁻¹ on the acrylic surface. The characteristics of the TESR, including displacement and force, are tested and simulated under the power of a rotary freestanding triboelectric nanogenerator (RF-TENG). Crawling of TESR is successfully realized on different materials surfaces and different angle slopes under the driven of RF-TENG. Furthermore, a real-time visual monitoring platform, in which TESR carries a micro camera to transmit images in a long narrow tunnel, is also achieved successfully, indicating that it can be used for fast diagnosis in an area inaccessible to human beings in the future. This study offers a new insight into the sustainable power source technologies suitable for electrically responsive soft robots and contributes to expanding the applicability of TENGs.     

水分在托贝莫来石中运动特性的分子动力学模拟研究

水和离子会通过水泥基材料的孔隙进入基体内部,导致一系列有害反应的发生.分子动力学方法(Molecular Dynamics,MD)可以模拟水分和托贝莫来石界面的相互作用,研究水泥基材料内部水分的运动特性.通过计算均方位移函数(Mean Squared Displacement,MSD)发现,托贝莫来石层间水分子的运动速率远小于溶液水分子的.此外,通过径向分布函数(Radial Distribution Function,RDF)和氢键数量计算发现水分子会和托贝莫来石表面形成大量氢键,使水化硅酸钙凝胶层间的水分子排列十分有序.     

Effect of Temperature and Strain Rate on the Hot Deformation Behaviour of Ferritic Stainless Steel

Metals and Materials International - The flow behaviour and microstructure characteristics of a ferritic stainless steel were investigated using plain strain compression test on a Gleeble 3500...     

Comparative studies on thermal and toughness properties of polybenzoxazine composites with two functionalized graphene oxides

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized by polyether amine (PEA) via two methods which were one-pot modification in acetone (GON) and two steps with the intermediate product of GOCO-Cl generated (GONS). There were more PEA successfully grafted onto GO for GONS than GON. The onset polymerization temperatures of the benzoxazine (Bz) composites decreased by the inclusion of 1?wt% of GO, GON or GONS. Thermal stability of the polybenzoxazine (PBz) composites was significantly improved indicated from the increase of weight loss temperature. T₁₀, T₂₀ and T₅₀ values of the composites with GONS were higher than that of the others. Toughness of PBzs may be enhanced by the incorporation of nanofillers, and GONS had stronger interfacial interaction with PBz matrix than GON.     

不同水含量下氧化石墨烯改性水泥材料界面性能的模拟研究

水含量会影响硅酸盐材料的机械性能.本文采用分子动力学方法(Molecular Dynamics,MD),研究了0％ 、50％ 、100％ 三种水含量下氧化石墨烯/托贝莫来石(GO/C-S-H)界面的机械性能.研究发现界面连接主要由Caw-Os(C-S-H硅链中的氧原子)、Caw-Ocoo(氧化石墨烯表面去质子化的羧基)、Caw-Ooh(氧化石墨烯表面的羧基)、Caw-Ooo(氧化石墨烯表面的环氧基)以及界面氢键组成,其中Caw-Os和Caw-Ocoo在受到水分子影响时比较稳定,而Caw-Ooh、Caw-Ooo在受到水分子影响时化学稳定性会下降.不同水含量模型的单轴拉伸结果表明,界面机械性能会随着水含量的增加而降低,界面应力最大值从1.1 MPa下降到0.7 MPa.     

基于“卓越计划”的应用型人才培养模式改革——以化学工程与工艺专业为例

"卓越计划"是教育部贯彻教育规划纲要精神启动的一项重大改革计划,以培养创新能力强、适应经济社会发展需要的高质量各类型工程技术人才为目标。本文以教育部试点专业为基础,按照化工卓越工程师培养的目标要求,建立以培养学生工程实践能力为目标的培养方案,以工程教育理念为核心,课程优化整合、教学改革为重点,采取走出去、请进来等多种形式实施"卓越计划",取得了显著效果。     

与教育国际化接轨,制作网络视频公课简

针对网络视频公开课（OCW）出现近十多年来的经验与现状,华东理工大学在原先国家精品课程视频公开的基础上,另行启动了包括全英文课程在内的视频公开课制作工作。运行工作针对国内教学的实际情况,探索了一些实际操作的经验,以供国内相关高校相互交流。     

Effects of liquid phases on densification of TiO2-doped Al2O3–ZrO2 composite ceramics

This study investigated the densification behaviors and microstructural evolution of Al₂O₃–ZrO₂ (3Y) composite ceramics doped with four different amounts of TiO₂ (0, 1, 4, and 8 wt%; denoted as 0T, 1T, 4T, and 8T, respectively) to clarify the effect of TiO₂ dopants on densification. The shrinkage rate during densification increased with the increase in the amount of TiO₂. The development of grain boundary feature was also examined. The undoped ceramic showed clean grain boundaries. Thin liquid grain boundary phases were observed in 1T, whereas large liquid phases were found on the grain boundary and at the junction pockets in 4T and 8T. The results were discussed in terms of the relationship between densification and grain boundary feature.