A hybrid approach for identifying non-human traffic in online digital advertising

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Click fraud is a serious problem facing online advertising business. The malicious intent of clicking online ads either committed by humans or by non-humans,...     

Prolonged suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viremia in persons with advanced disease results in enhancement of CD4 T cell reactivity to microbial antigens but not to HIV-1 antigens

In rats, the septo-hippocampal system is important for memory encoding. Previous reports indicate that muscimol, a specific GABAergic agonist induces learning and memory deficits when infused into the medial septal area. The basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA) modulates memory encoding in other brain areas, including the hippocampus. To explore the interactions between the septo-hippocampal system and amygdala in memory, we studied the effects of intra-medial septal infusions of muscimol in rats with BLA lesions. Animals received sham surgery or excitotoxic BLA lesions and were given infusions of either vehicle or muscimol (5 nmol) into the medial septal area 5 min prior to training sessions in inhibitory avoidance and water maze tasks. In the inhibitory avoidance task, muscimol-induced memory impairment was potentiated by BLA amygdala lesions. Additionally, in the water maze task, BLA-lesioned rats given muscimol infusions into the medial septal also showed memory impairment. These findings indicate that the MSA interacts with the BLA in the processing of memory storage.     

Calcium-mediated hydrophosphination of diphenylethyne and diphenylbutadiyne as well as crystal structure of 1,4-diphenyl-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)buta-1,3-diene

Hydrophosphination reactions of phenyl substituted alkynes are catalyzed effectively by [(thf)₄Ca(PPh₂)₂] (1). The reactions of diphenylethyne and diphenylbutadiyne with diphenylphosphane in THF in the presence of catalytic amounts of 1 (approx. 5 mol%) yield quantitatively the cis-addition products trans-1,2-diphenyl-1-diphenylphosphanylethene (2) and 1,4-diphenyl-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)buta-1,3-diene (3), respectively. The phenyl groups in 3 are oriented nearly perpendicular to the butadiene backbone and therefore, the π-systems of the phenyl groups and the butadiene unit show no interaction with each other.