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1.
Khaldoon O. Al-Nosairy Marc Horbrügger Sven Schippling Markus Wagner Aiden Haghikia Marc Pawlitzki Michael B. Hoffmann 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(7)
The retinal ganglion cells (RGC) may be considered an easily accessible pathophysiological site of degenerative processes in neurological diseases, such as the RGC damage detectable in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with (HON) and without a history of optic neuritis (NON). We aimed to assess and interrelate RGC functional and structural damage in different retinal layers and retinal sites. We included 12 NON patients, 11 HON patients and 14 healthy controls for cross-sectional multifocal pattern electroretinography (mfPERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements. Amplitude and peak times of the mfPERG were assessed. Macula and disc OCT scans were acquired to determine macular retinal layer and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness. In both HON and NON patients the foveal N2 amplitude of the mfPERG was reduced compared to controls. The parafoveal P1 peak time was significantly reduced in HON only. For OCT, parafoveal (pfGCL) and perifoveal (pGCL) ganglion cell layer thicknesses were decreased in HON vs. controls, while pRNFL in the papillomacular bundle sector (PMB) showed reductions in both NON and HON. As the mfPERG derived N2 originates from RGC axons, these findings suggest foveal axonal dysfunction not only in HON, but also in NON patients. 相似文献
2.
The design of a liquid/liquid contact apparatus necessitates the knowledge of fluid dynamics and mass transfer in the dispersion. Prediction of process parameters is challenging due to swarm and interfacial effects. Single drop investigations are suitable to enable a sophisticated dimensioning based on few simple experiments combined with published theories and correlations. In the first part of this article, the fundamentals of fluid dynamics and mass transfer in absence of interfacial effects were explained. Here, an overview of relevant interfacial phenomena and the influence of different substances typically occurring in technical applications as impurities or accompanying components is given. 相似文献
3.
Applied Intelligence - The community detection in complex networks has become a major field of research. Disjoint community detection deals often with getting a partition of nodes where every node... 相似文献
4.
Jodelle Degois Marc Veillette Patrick Poulin Benoit Lévesque Daniel Aubin Boualem Ouazia Mario Brisson François Maltais Caroline Duchaine 《Indoor air》2021,31(6):2213-2225
Indoor air quality is a major issue for public health, particularly in northern communities. In this extreme environment, adequate ventilation is crucial to provide a healthier indoor environment, especially in airtight dwellings. The main objective of the study is to assess the impact of ventilation systems and their optimization on microbial communities in bioaerosols and dust in 54 dwellings in Nunavik. Dwellings with three ventilation strategies (without mechanical ventilators, with heat recovery ventilators, and with energy recovery ventilators) were investigated before and after optimization of the ventilation systems. Indoor environmental conditions (temperature, relative humidity) and microbiological parameters (total bacteria, Aspergillus/Penicillium, endotoxin, and microbial biodiversity) were measured. Dust samples were collected in closed face cassettes with a polycarbonate filter using a micro-vacuum while a volume of 20 m3 of bioaerosols were collected on filters using a SASS3100 (airflow of 300 L/min). In bioaerosols, the median number of copies was 4.01 × 103 copies/m3 of air for total bacteria and 1.45 × 101 copies/m3 for Aspergillus/Penicillium. Median concentrations were 5.13 × 104 copies/mg of dust, 5.07 × 101 copies/mg, 9.98 EU/mg for total bacteria, Aspergillus/Penicillium and endotoxin concentrations, respectively. The main microorganisms were associated with human occupancy such as skin-related bacteria or yeasts, regardless of the type of ventilation. 相似文献
5.
6.
Ireneusz Buganski Kotoba Toyonaga Hiroyuki Takakura Tsunetomo Yamada Marc de Boissieu Olivier Perez 《Materials Science & Technology》2020,36(9):989-995
ABSTRACTWe report a successful growth of the ZnMgHf F-type icosahedral quasicrystal in the form of faceted single grains. By varying the heat treatment parameters we were able to obtain single crystals with a quality suitable for a single crystal X-ray diffraction which was conducted in a synchrotron facility. Ab initio structure solution by a charge flipping algorithm manifests the existence of two types of Bergman clusters. Clusters are differentiated by the preferential occupation of the high-symmetry positions by hafnium in a rhombic triacontahedron, being the outer shell of the atomic cluster.This paper is part of a Thematic Issue on The Crystallographic Aspects of Metallic Alloys. 相似文献
7.
Yifan Deng Bruno Faivre Dr. Olivier Back Dr. Murielle Lombard Dr. Ludovic Pecqueur Prof. Dr. Marc Fontecave 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(1-2):163-170
The hydroxylation of phenols into polyphenols, which are valuable chemicals and pharmaceutical products, is a challenging reaction. The search for green synthetic processes has led to considering microorganisms and pure hydroxylases as catalysts for phenol hydroxylation. Herein, we report the structural and functional characterization of the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase from Escherichia coli, named HpaB. It is shown that this enzyme enjoys a relatively broad substrate specificity, which allows the conversion of a number of non-natural phenolic compounds, such as tyrosol, hydroxymandelic acid, coumaric acid, hydroxybenzoic acid and its methyl ester, and phenol, into the corresponding catechols. The reaction can be performed by using a simple chemical assay based on formate as the electron donor and the organometallic complex [Rh(bpy)Cp*(H2O)]2+ (Cp*: 1,2,3,4,5-pentamethylcyclopentadiene, bpy: 2,2′-bipyridyl) as the catalyst for FAD reduction. The availability of a crystal structure of HpaB in complex with FAD at 1.8 Å resolution opens up the possibility of the rational tuning of the substrate specificity and activity of this interesting class of phenol hydroxylases. 相似文献
8.
Rieke Himstedt Dr. Silke Wagner Dr. Robert J. R. Jaeger Dr. Michèle-Laure Lieunang Watat Dr. Jana Backenköhler Dr. Zeljka Rupcic Prof. Dr. Marc Stadler Prof. Dr. Peter Spiteller 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(11):1613-1620
Mycenarubin C, a previously unknown red pyrroloquinoline alkaloid, was isolated from fruiting bodies of the mushroom Mycena rosea and its structure was elucidated mainly by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Unlike mycenarubin A, the major pyrroloquinoline alkaloid in fruiting bodies of M. rosea, mycenarubin C, contains an eight-membered ring with an additional C1 unit that is hitherto unprecedented for pyrroloquinoline alkaloids known in nature. Incubation of mycenarubin A with an excess of formaldehyde revealed that mycenarubin C was generated nearly quantitatively from mycenarubin A. An investigation into the formaldehyde content of fresh fruiting bodies of M. rosea showed the presence of considerable amounts of formaldehyde, with values of 5 μg per gram of fresh weight in fresh fruiting bodies. Although mycenarubin C did not show bioactivity against selected bacteria and fungi, formaldehyde inhibits the growth of the mycoparasite Spinellus fusiger at concentrations present in fruiting bodies of M. rosea. Therefore, formaldehyde might play an ecological role in the chemical defence of M. rosea against S. fusiger. In turn, S. fusiger produces gallic acid—presumably to detoxify formaldehyde by reaction of this aldehyde with amino acids and gallic acid to Mannich adducts. 相似文献
9.
Multifunctional or structural electrolytes are characterized by ionic conductivity high enough to be used in the electrochemical devices and mechanical performance suitable for the structural applications. Preliminary insights are provided into the combustion behavior of structural bi-continuous electrolytes based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA), synthesized using the techniques of reaction induced phase separation and emulsion templating. The effect of the composition of the structural electrolytes and external heat flux on the behavior of the formulations were studied using a cone calorimeter with gases formed during testing analyzed using FTIR. The composition of the formulations investigated was changed by varying the type and amount of the ion conductive part of the bi-continuous electrolyte. Two ionic liquids, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (EMIM-TFSI) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM-BF4), as well as a deep eutectic solvent (DES) based on ethylene glycol and choline chloride, were used. The results obtained confirm that time to ignition, heat release rate (HRR), total mass loss, as well as the composition of the gases released during tests depend on the composition of the formulations. Addition of liquid electrolyte is found to reduce the time to ignition by up to 10% and the burning time by between 28% and 60% with the added benefit of reducing the HRR by at least 34%. Gaseous products such as CO2, CO, H2O, CH4, C2H2, N2O, NO, and HCN were detected for all formulations with the gases SO2, NH3, HCl, C2H4, and NH3 found to be for certain formulations only. 相似文献
10.