花生酱的营养及新型花生酱的研究进展

随着人们生活质量的提高,人们对于食物营养的要求也越来越高。由于花生酱的脂肪含量极高,不适于糖尿病、高血压等疾病的患者和老人食用,因此研发低脂、健康、营养的新型花生酱很重要。通过对花生酱制作工艺的调整,降低油脂含量以及补充或添加健康辅料,能显著改善花生酱的营养价值,这也成为花生酱营养改进的重要方向之一。本文对花生酱中脂肪、蛋白质等营养成分及新型花生酱的研究进展进行综述。未来新型花生酱的研发重点可能是通过原料筛选、增加添加剂、改善制作工艺等来调节肠道菌群平衡、增加其益生作用等方面。     

Research and development of advanced structured packing in a rotating packed bed

As the core component of the rotating packing bed, packing is a place for efficient gas–liquid mixing and mass transfer. In this paper, a 3D structured packing composed of a mesh structure and a support structure was designed. The mesh structure is a ring-shaped mesh surrounded by triangular meshes, which is stable in structure and can achieve a high degree of dispersion and aggregation of the liquid phase. The support structure is composed of ring-shaped structural units arranged at a certain angle along the axial direction, which can enhance the turbulence of the airflow while constructing regular gas-phase channels. Circumferential steel meshes of different diameters and supporting structures are alternately combined to form 3D packing, which is loaded in a layered cross-flow rotating packing bed. The results show that under the same operating conditions, the mass transfer performance of 3D packing and wire mesh packing are equivalent, and both are better than pall ring packing. Moreover, the pressure drop of 3D packing is significantly lower than that of pall ring packing and wire mesh packing. The design and implementation of packing the development presented in this paper can be used to develop special structured packing for rotating bed, which can further improve the performance of rotating packed bed (RPB).     

Effect of quantum noise on deterministic joint remote state preparation of a qubit state via a GHZ channel

Quantum Information Processing - Quantum secure communication brings a new direction for information security. As an important component of quantum secure communication, deterministic joint remote...     

Rapid and High-Throughput Determination of Melamine in Milk Products and Eggs by Full Automatic On-line Polymer Monolith Microextraction Coupled to High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

A rapid and high-throughput method for monitoring melamine (MEL) in milk products and eggs was presented. This method was based on a full automatic platform that was composed of on-line polymer monolith microextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. A poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolith was selected as the sorbent for purification and enrichment of MEL in milk products and eggs. A novel mixed-mode chromatographic column packed with octyl and sulfonic acid co-bonded silica was employed for quantitative determination of MEL in real samples. Several factors affecting extraction performance were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the recoveries of MEL in milk products and eggs spiked at three levels of 0.5, 5.0, and 20.0 mg/Kg, ranged from 87.0% to 95.5%, with RSDs less than 6.4%. The limits of detection were 0.024 and 0.018 mg/Kg for MEL in the milk products and eggs, respectively.     

Adsorption of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by multi-walled carbon nanotubes as affected by Cu(II)

Adsorption equilibrium of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated to explore the possibility of using MWCNTs for concentration, detection and removal of TCP from contaminated water. The adsorption of TCP on MWCNTs at pH 4 was nonlinear, reversible and best fit by a Polanyi-Manes model. Oxidation treatment increased surface area and introduced hydrophilic carboxylic groups to the defect sites of MWCNTs, hence increased the sorption of TCP and Cu(II) individually. Cu(II) suppressed the sorption of TCP on oxidized MWCNTs15A, but had little effect on as-grown MWCNTs15. TCP had no influence on Cu(II) sorption to either. The mechanisms of Cu(II) suppression effect on TCP adsorption are ascribed to the formation of surface complexes of Cu(II), which was verified by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Cu(II) exerts a cross-linking effect of functional groups on adjacent tubes, creating a more tightly knit bundle and suppressing the condensation of TCP in the pore spaces between the tubes. The large hydration sphere around surface complexes of Cu(II) may also intrude or shield hydrophilic sites, leading to the “crowding out” of TCP around the Cu(II)-complexed sites.     

Optimal layout design of a satellite module

Layout design of a satellite module directly concerns its structure, performance, service life, and cost of assembly and maintenance. It is an important and NP-complete problem. The main difficulties consist of combinatorial optimizations in mathematics and system complexity in engineering practice, and relevant researches are far from enough. This paper proposes a basic solution strategy for the optimal layout design of a satellite module, which consists of two stages, global (or loose) layout design and detailed layout design. Corresponding algorithms are then developed while taking the layout design of an international commercial communication satellite as an example. They are the centripetal balancing method for global layout design and a quasi Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) model-based Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm for layout optimization. The proposed method demonstrates its feasibility and validity on an application instance. Existing problems and further research directions are finally discussed.     

黄芪多糖与人参多糖免疫调节作用的研究进展

黄芪和人参为历代中医所推崇的扶正固本的良药,被广泛应用于保健食品和医药领域。黄芪多糖与人参多糖又分别为黄芪与人参的主要功效成分。现有大量的文献表明2种多糖具有增强免疫力、抗病毒等功效。由于多糖成分繁多,结构复杂,目前的研究多以聚合物的形式为主,不同分子量的多糖的单糖组成和比例不同,糖连接序列和糖苷键类型以及相应的生物学活性也不相同,且目前的研究尚未明确结构-活性关系。本文综述了黄芪多糖、人参多糖以及二者复配在免疫调节方面的药理作用及应用研究进展,为今后两者在保健食品免疫调节产品开发方面的应用提供参考。     

等离子体强化超声速燃烧研究进展

超声速点火和燃烧是超燃冲压发动机研究中的一项关键技术。论文总结了国内外在碳氢燃料的等离子体点火助燃方面研究进展,重点列举了国外在裸电极直接点火和喷注等离子体火炬两种等离子体点火方式的实验与数值研究,以便于我国的科研工作者与国际同行开展国际合作与学术交流。     

河南油田采油酸化废水无害化处理技术研究

报道了采用碱处理-氧化/吸附-混凝法处理油田酸化废水的一种工艺方法.实验用酸化废水取自河南油田,由剩余酸及酸化返排液组成,其CODcr=4367 mg/L,由70.4%无机物和29.6%有机物构成.实验研究中以CODcr去除率为考察指标,所得药剂适宜加量和工艺参数如下:在碱处理阶段,Ca(OH)2加量100 g/L,使废水pH由1.0升至11.5,CODcr去除率45.8%;在氧化阶段,H2O2溶液加量3 mL/L,镀铜铁屑加量4 g/L,pH值3～4;在吸附阶段,活性炭加量10 g/L,pH值4～5,搅拌时间60 min.进一步通过正交设计实验,求得氧化/吸附阶段最佳工艺条件为:pH=45,H2O2溶液加量3 mL/L,镀铜铁屑加量4 g/L,活性炭加量10 g/L,搅拌时间80 min.碱处理后废水经此氧化/吸附处理后,CODcr为315 mg/L,再加入2.5 g/L PAC混凝处理后,pH=7.5,CODcr为115 mg/L,去除率达97.4%;悬浮固体由原废水的624 mg/L降至4 mg/L,含油由1.41 mg/L降至0.4 mg/L,色度由110 mg/L降至6 mg/L,Cl-由47341 mg/L降至198 mg/L.处理后废水达到国家二级排放标准.表7参5.