环己酮直接合成环己酮肟——Ⅰ.钛层柱粘土催化环己酮氨肟化反应特征

钛层柱粘土(Ti-PILC)首次用于液相催化环己酮经氨肟化直接合成环己酮肟,氨肟化反应性能取决于制备Ti-PILC时钛源的选择和催化剂的孔结构。选择合适的反应条件,如反应介质、反应物投料比和催化剂量可进一步提高肟的选择性。     

催化氧化环己酮/环己醇清洁合成己二酸

以质量分数为 30 %的过氧化氢为氧化剂 ,Na2 WO4·2H2 O为催化剂 ,在酸性配体存在的条件下催化氧化环己酮 /环己醇清洁合成己二酸。反应在无溶剂、无相转移剂条件下进行 ,考察了各种不同配体及配体用量等对反应的影响。采用磺基水杨酸为配体 ,与Na2 WO4·2H2 O的摩尔比为 1∶2时 ,催化氧化环己酮和环己醇的己二酸的分离产率分别为 82 .1%和 6 8.6 %。并进一步考察了该催化体系对环己酮和环己醇混合物的催化性能。     

K_5CoW_(12)O_(40)·3H_2O催化合成环己酮1,2—丙二醇缩酮

研究了杂多化合物K_5CoW_(12)O_(40)·3H_2O作为催化剂对环己酮和1,2-丙二醇缩酮的催化活性。系统考察了酮醇物质的量比、催化剂质量、带水剂体积、反应时间和催化剂重复使用性等因素对产品收率的影响。实验结果表明,杂多化合物K_5CoW_(12)O_(40)·3H_2O是合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在酮醇物质的量比为1:1.4、催化剂质量为0.5 g、带水剂环己烷体积为9 mL、反应时间为70 min的最佳条件下,环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率最高可达94.2%。     

PVC一次性使用输液器中可沥滤物研究

通过模拟临床使用PVC一次性输液器的输注,对一次性使用输液器中可沥滤物进行了分析。建立了增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)的高效液相分析方法,粘合剂环己酮的顶空气相色谱分析方法及金属元素(Cr、Cu、Cd、Sn、Ba、Pb)的电感耦合等离子体质谱分析方法。结果表明DEHP在3.674~104.970μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9995),平均回收率为99.1%(n=9,RSD=1.7%);环己酮在0.5100~10.201μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9995),平均回收率为101.1%(n=9,RSD=2.4%);六种金属元素在0~100μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率在97.8%~110.6%(n=9,RSD≤2.8%)。本文建立的方法准确、灵敏,适用于PVC输液器中DEHP、环己酮和金属元素的溶出进行测定,为标准完善、质量监督及相关风险评价提供了参考依据。     

Vapor Phase Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Cyclohexane over 13X Supported Metal Oxides in the Presence of Ozone

This article reports the application of ozone for the selective oxidation of cyclohexane over 13X molecular sieve supported various metal oxides at ambient temperatures. From the SEM, XRD and HR-TEM results, the impregnated metal oxides are highly dispersed on the support. The activity results reveal that Co/MS, Mo/MS, Cu/MS, and Ag/MS catalysts produce cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol as selective oxidation products, whereas Ce/MS, Mn/MS, and V/MS catalysts yield, predominantly, CO and CO₂. Among them, Co/MS catalyst exhibits better conversion of 12.2% with selectively of 58% to cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol, which is attributed to the simultaneous activation of ozone and cyclohexane (-C-H bond) at ambient conditions.     

Nb2O5 promoted Pd/AC catalyst for selective phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone

Phenol hydrogenation is a green route to prepare cyclohexanone, an intermediate for the production of nylon 66 and nylon 6. The development of high-performance catalysts still keeps a great challenge. Herein, the activated carbon (AC) was modified with an acidic material Nb₂O₅ to adjust the microstructure and surface properties of AC, and the influences of the calcination temperature and Nb₂O₅ content on the catalytic performance of the Pd/AC-Nb₂O₅ catalysts for the phenol hydrogenation to cyclohexanone were investigated. The Nb₂O₅ with proper content can be highly uniformly distributed on the AC surface, enhancing the acidity of the Pd/AC-Nb₂O₅ catalysts with comparable specific surface area and Pd dispersion, thereby improving the catalytic activity. The hybrid Pd/AC-10Nb₂O₅-500 catalyst exhibits the synergistic effect between the Pd nanoparticles and AC-10Nb₂O₅, which enhances the catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of phenol. Furthermore, the as-prepared Pd/AC-10Nb₂O₅-500 catalyst shows good reusability during 7 reaction cycles.     

重铬酸钾改性煤基活性炭催化合成环己酮缩1，2-丙二醇缩酮

以环己酮和1，2-丙二醇为原料，重铬酸钾改性煤基活性炭为催化剂催化合成了环己酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮．并得到了较佳合成条件，环己酮为0．05mol，n（环己酮）：n（1，2-丙二醇）=1：2．0，催化剂用量为总反应物质量的2．9％（环己酮质量的7％），8．0mL环己烷作分水剂，反应时间为4．0h，产率为92．7％．结果表明，该催化剂具有较高的催化活性．     

Zr(SO_4)_2/γ-Al_2O_3固体酸催化合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

通过直接浸渍-焙烧等方法,制备了Zr(SO4)2/γ-Al2O3催化剂,以环己酮和1,2-丙二醇为原料合成了环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮。考察了催化剂的焙烧温度、催化剂的质量分数、原料摩尔比、带水剂体积、回流时间对反应的影响。最佳反应条件为:焙烧温度为550℃,Zr(SO4)2的质量分数为20.0%,催化剂的质量分数为5.0%,环己酮与1,2-丙二醇的摩尔比为1∶1.5,甲苯的体积为15 mL,回流时间为3 h。环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达98.7%,纯度达到99.6%。     

Vapor Phase Beckmann Rearrangement of Cyclohexanone Oxime Over Rare Earth Pyrophosphates

A new application of rare earth pyrophosphates in vapor phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime was investigated. The rare earth phosphates were characterized by means of XRD, FT-IR, NH₃-TPD and water contact angle measurement. It was found that the weak surface acidity and appropriate surface hydrophobicity should be two key factors in the excellent performance of these catalysts.     

Acidity Control and Catalysis of Pentasil Zeolites

Acidities of pentasil zeolites were measured and correlated with aluminum content using the following methods: (1) Acid-base indicator method, (2) NH₃-TPD spectra, (3) GC pulse adsorption of pyridine and 4-methylquinoline, and (4) FTIR spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine.

By controlling the acidity of pentasil zeolites, we have succeeded in obtaining high catalytic performance both in paraselective dealkylation of cymenes and in vapor-phase Beckmann rearrangement of cyclohexanone oxime to ?-caprolactam. In the dealkylation, moderate acidity of Li-ZSM-5 was the key to avoid side reactions while keeping a high conversion of cymenes. In the Beckmann rearrangement, neutrality and crystallinity of the pentasil zeolite were keys to obtain a high lactam selectivity, and a high lactam selectivity of 95% was attained by the surface treatment with chlorotrimethylsilane. The active sites were elucidated to be neutral silanols on the external surface of zeolite.