溶液浓差能驱动的逆电渗析反应器制氢实验研究

低品位热能制氢技术首先是将热能转换为溶液浓差能，然后通过逆电渗析（RED）反应器将溶液浓差能转换成氢能。为了验证RED反应器能将溶液浓差能转换为氢能，探索关键运行参数变化对能量转换过程的影响。设计了一个由40个膜对所构成的RED反应器，以NaCl水溶液为工作溶液，NaOH水溶液为电极液的制氢系统。通过改变浓/稀溶液入口浓度，溶液过膜流速以及输出电流来考察对RED反应器产氢率、制氢效率和能量转换效率的影响。实验结果发现，浓/稀溶液入口浓度，过膜流速变化均会影响RED反应器的输出电流。在外电路短接条件下，输出电流越大，反应器产氢率和制氢效率越高，但能量转换效率越低。     

用膜电解法处理低浓度SO2吸收液的三室电解槽材料的选择

提出了用膜电解法处理低浓度SO2吸收液的方法，介绍了三室电解槽的设计原理及在电场作用下，电解槽内离子的迁移和电解反应机理，系统地讨论了电解槽组成单元材料（如阳离子交换器）的选择及在H2SO4－NaHSO3-Na2SO3体系中金属阳极的选择等，并进行了试验验证，得到了很好的结果。     

Electrodeionisation 3: The removal of nickel ions from dilute solutions

The removal of nickel ions from dilute solutions using a process that combines an ion-exchange bed with electrodialysis has been studied. The main aspects include: the concentration of nickel ions in the diluate, the voltage over the cell and the current density distribution along the ion-exchange bed. The current density distribution provides insight into the state of the bed as it is simultaneously loaded with Ni²⁺ and regenerated with an electric potential difference applied perpendicular to it. A simple model is used to describe the state of the bed and the quantity of nickel removed from it as a function of time. Under specific conditions the precipitation of metal hydroxides is observed in the compartment containing the ion-exchange bed. The results show that hydroxide precipitation is related to the nickel concentration in solution and the electric potential gradient across the bed.     

电渗析法处理氯化铵废水的研究

研究了用电渗析法处理稀土生产过程中产生的NH4Cl废水的问题,结果表明用二级电渗析法可经济地将NH4Cl溶液从6%提高到13%。该工艺已在包头和发稀土公司20t·h-1废水处理工艺上得到了成功的应用。     

Investigation of transport phenomena in a hybrid ion exchange-electrodialysis system for the removal of copper ions

Hybrid ion exchange electrodialysis processes allow the removal of metal ions from dilute waste liquids and the recovery of more concentrated solutions. The work reported here was aimed at investigating the two steps in the treatment process, namely, adsorption of metal ions onto the packed bed of resin and electromigration (i.e., the transport of these ions in the complex system under the applied electrical field). The case of copper sulfate was investigated. Dowex resins with a cross-linking degree of 2 and 8% were used. The flux of copper through the resin bed and the current efficiency for ion transfer to the cathode compartment were determined as a function of potential gradient and copper ionic fraction in the bed. Apparent diffusion coefficients of Cu²⁺ in the overall system were deduced from the experimental data.     

硅橡胶合成催化剂氢氧化四甲铵的制备新工艺

采用有效面积为4.5dm~2的全氟阳离子交换膜,在阳极室容积为500mL、阴极室容积为580mL的二室单膜电渗析槽内,以四甲基氯化铵为原料,制备了合成有机硅橡胶及其他有机硅产品聚合用催化剂氢氧化四甲铵(Me_4NOH)。阳极室四甲基氯化铵浓度为30％(质量),阴极室可得到纯度为 13％-15％、Cl~-<0.01％、Na~+<0.0001％和 K~+<0.000 5％的 Me_4NOH。产品经减压浓缩即得到 Me_4NOH·5H_2O晶体。     

离子膜电解法处理环氧丙烷氯醇化尾气碱洗废水

介绍了离子膜电解法处理环氧丙烷氯醇化尾气碱洗废水的实验研究.在不添加任何化学物质的前提下,其COD去除率可达到78%,同时可回收废水中的碱,迅速降低废水pH,碱回收率可达到73.55%,可为后续生化单元起到良好的预处理作用.     

集成膜工艺海水淡化与浓海水综合利用

综述了反渗透一电渗析集成工艺海水淡化与浓缩水综合利用研发现状与发展趋势。指出具有特殊分离功能的离子交换膜电渗析技术是高度分离、富集海洋化学元素的关键技术。提出了目前需要研究的几个问题。     

新膜及膜过程的研究现状及发展动向

本文综述了双极性膜及其电渗析、膜蒸馏、膜萃取、无机膜等新膜及膜过程，简要说明其研究状况，应用前景和发展动向。     

电渗析回收亚氨基二乙酸的实验

通过电渗析回收亚氨基二乙酸的实验研究,考察了不同类型离子交换膜在等电点状况下电渗析脱盐率与有机物损失率之间的关系,并确定了浓差扩散的有效控制方式。实验结果表明,采用电渗析法能够有效处理亚氨基二乙酸废水,电渗析脱盐率>96%,亚氨基二乙酸损失率<0.6%。