Study of planar structure applying reciprocity technique combined with MGEC and analysis of discontinuity

The 3D structure electromagnetic computation presents several difficulties related to the volume mesh. In fact, the entire volume space must be taken into account even the smallest details. In this article, we propose a formulation based on the reciprocity theorem combined with the generalized equivalent circuit method to model a planar 3D structure with both coaxial and planar excitation. The major advantage of this formulation is the fact to reduce the computational volume into 2D ones in the discontinuity plane. In addition, we focused on the calculation of the discontinuity between the excitation source and the planar structure to determine the exact behavior of the electric coaxial excitation model. The obtained current density, electric field distributions, and the input impedance are presented and discussed in the following sections. An approximately good agreement of input impedance with those obtained by the simulator and measurement is shown.     

Reassessing the Draft Articles on the Law of Transboundary Aquifers through the lens of reciprocity

ABSTRACT

In spite of groundwater’s growing importance, the 2008 Draft Articles on the Law of Transboundary Aquifers have yet to be fully adopted by the international community. As states contemplate the future of the draft articles, this article aims to reassess them through the lens of the legal principle of reciprocity. To do so, this article provides a framework for the analysis of law via reciprocity, followed by its application to the draft articles. Although this article primarily finds that they follow a reciprocal structure, it also identifies areas to be revisited, including sovereignty and recharge zone states.     

A Continuously Tunable Solid-Like Convective Thermal Metadevice on the Reciprocal Line

The emerging thermal metamaterials and metadevices demonstrate significant potential to transform thermal conduction. However, the thermal conductivities of existing devices are all restricted at fixed values if the configuration or constituent materials are static. Thermal convection provides an additional tool to boost and flexibly modify the heat transfer in moving matter, but it is essentially distinct from thermal conduction since the Onsager reciprocity is generally broken in the former but preserved in the latter. Therefore, it is difficult to use convective components for sophisticated control of conductive heat. Here, it is shown that a convective system can be made undistinguishable from a conductive one in principle, by discovering and operating on the reciprocal line of mechanically rotating systems. The realized thermal metadevice can thus mimic a solid-like material whose thermal conductivity dynamically covers a wide range. It offers great possibilities of real-time smooth control over heat transfer for broad applications.     

A DRBEM model for harbor oscillation with the effect of energy dissipation

Abstract

In this study, the numerical scheme of dual reciprocity boundary element method (DRBEM) is adopted to investigate the resonant problem in a harbor while considering the effect of energy dissipation. The numerical model employed the mild slope equation as a basic equation. To avoid complicated procedures for solving the equation, DRBEM is used to improve numerical efficiency. Computation results are compared with the existing experimental data and other theoretical results. It shows that the present model is valid and effective to solve the harbor oscillation problem.     

A numerical reconstruction method in inverse elastic scattering

In this paper a new numerical method for the shape reconstruction of obstacles in elastic scattering is proposed. Initially, the direct scattering problem for a rigid body and the mathematical setting for the corresponding inverse one are presented. Inverse uniqueness issues for the general case of mixed boundary conditions on the boundary of our obstacle, which are valid for a rigid body as well are established. The inversion algorithm based on the factorization method is presented into a suitable form and a new numerical scheme for the reconstruction of the shape of the scatterer, using far-field measurements, is given. In particular, an efficient Tikhonov parameter choice technique, called Improved Maximum Product Criterion (IMPC) and its linchpin within the framework of the factorization method is exploited. Our regularization parameter is computed via a fast iterative algorithm which requires no a priori knowledge of the noise level in the far-field data. Finally, the effectiveness of IMPC is illustrated with various numerical examples involving a kite, an acorn, and a peanut-shaped object.     

The social implications of casual online gaming: Examining the effects of competitive setting and performance outcome on player perceptions

The theory of bounded generalized reciprocity has recently been applied to the study of video games, particularly those that offer cooperative and competitive settings. Emphasizing casual online gameplay, this study investigates how individuals respond to manipulated performance feedback in either a competitive or cooperative game play setting. An interaction between competitive setting and performance feedback was detected on measures of interpersonal liking and perceived competence. Specifically, perceptions of partners and competitors were relatively favorable in the cooperation/success and competition/failure conditions, respectively. On the other hand, participants rated their partners and competitors less favorably during cooperative failure and competitive success, possibly reflecting a unique self-serving bias. The results also suggest that individuals in a cooperative setting experience greater enjoyment than those in a competitive setting. The effectiveness of the two manipulations in this study may also have important implications for the design of serious or educational games, which often have the goal of strategically motivating players in an attempt to promote desired outcomes.     

关于互易二端口网络互连的讨论

互易电路及二端口电路互连是电路课程教学中的重要内容。本文讨论了互易二端口电路互连后总二端口电路的互易性,给出了一般性结论及证明,即互易二端电路互连后如仍满足端口定义,则互连后的总二端电路仍然是互易的。对于对称二端电路,也有类似的结论。本文的讨论对电路课程的教学具有一定的参考价值。     

IMT—Advanced协作多点传输技术——信道互异性校准

文章以协作多点传输技术为背景,基于信道互异性模型,介绍了3类较为典型的校准算法：基于硬件检测的自校准方法、基于天线自检测反馈的自校准方法、基于校准天线检测反馈的互校准方法。以此为基础,文章分析和研究了各校准算法的特性,评估和仿真了各校准算法协作多点传输技术在各类联合预编码算法下的系统性能,同时预测了校准算法未来的研究进程及可能面临的挑战。     

短波通信频率互易性分析与探讨

文中针对短波通信联络中存在通信频率单向通的问题,首先分析了影响电离层互易性的因素;然后采用ITS仿真软件进行了不同距离和不同方向的双向链路仿真。仿真结果表明同一通信频率在双向链路的传播模式、仰角、电离层反射高度完全一致,并分析了原因;最后在介绍了短波天波链路场强预测方法的基础上分析了系统发射功率、天线、本地噪声等各种影响因素,得出不同条件下短波通信频率互易性的结论。     

Physical layer secret key generation scheme used in 60 GHz band

The technology of 60 GHz radio is considered promising for providing fast connectivity and gigabit data rate. One of the main challenges to its secure indoor transmission is how to generate secret keys between communication devices. To investigate this issue, The authors develop an efficient mechanism of secret key generation exploiting multipath relative delay based on 60 GHz standard channel models. The comparison of key-mismatch probability between line-of-sight （LOS） and non-line-of-sight （NLOS） environments is considered. Verification of the proposed scheme is conducted. Simulation shows that the number of extracted multipath components proportionally did affect key generation rate and key-mismatch probability. It also indicates that communicating transceivers have a slightly lower key-mismatch probability in NLOS condition than in LOS condition. Moreover, in comparison to the existing approach of using received signal amplitude as a common random source, the mechanism can achieve better performance in key agreement.