大孔树脂纯化栾树叶多酚工艺研究

以栾树叶多酚提取物为原料,比较了7种大孔树脂对栾树叶多酚的静态吸附与解吸效果,结果表明AB-8树脂性能最佳,其24h静态吸附量为13.74mg/g,解吸率为98.35%,3h内达到吸附平衡与解吸平衡。AB-8树脂动态吸附较佳条件为上样液质量浓度为4g/L,上样液pH值为6,在此条件下吸附率为88.21%,动态洗脱较佳条件为洗脱剂乙醇体积分数为60%,洗脱速度为1mL/min,解吸率达到89.91%,在该条件下栾树叶总多酚经AB-8树脂纯化后,质量分数由50.36%增加到72.37%,回收率为86.83%。     

灌浆结实期冷型小麦叶片氮含量变化的研究

通过多年田间小区试验,研究了不施肥、单施磷肥、单施氮肥和氮磷配施等四种施肥条件下,灌浆结实期冷型小麦和暖型小麦叶片氮含量的差异。结果表明,开花期,在不施肥和氮磷配施条件下,冷型小麦冠层顶三叶的氮百分含量均显著高于暖型小麦;在单施磷肥时,旗叶的氮百分含量也较高;在单施氮肥时,倒三叶、下部叶的氮百分含量显著高于暖型小麦。花后前28天,冷型小麦陕229的冠层顶三叶氮百分含量均显著高于暖型小麦,小偃6号的旗叶在花后前14天、倒二叶在花后前28天、倒三叶在花后前21天也高于暖型小麦。增施氮肥时,冷型小麦下部叶的氮百分含量也明显高于暖型小麦。这为冷、暖型小麦冠层温度的差异提供了氮营养基础。     

三次B样条插值在测量叶片散射光分布的应用

本文阐述了一种测量叶片散射光分布的快速方法,本方法是结合三次B样条插值算法与直接测量法而成,与常规测量叶片散射光分布方法相比,其测量时间短,而且获得到较精确的测量结果。在VC 6.0的环境下,通过串口连接,实现了软件与叶片散射光分布测量系统的通讯,也实现了直接测量法和三次B样条插值算法的结合。本文通过叶片散射光分布测量系统,在650nm波长光照条件下,测定了标准白板(参比样)的反射光和玉米叶片的反射和透射在入射面上的光强分布,并使用三次B样条插值所得数据与采集到的数据进行比较,获得较好的实验结果。     

辽宁地区潜水蒸发规律研究

黑土中加入有机物料和硫磺粉(S),对越桔叶片的过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、硝酸还原酶都产生显著影响,不同处理有较大差异,其中,加入苔藓、苔藓和草炭及只加入1.5kgS-2kgS的处理,叶片的过氧化氢酶活性较高,过氧化物酶和硝酸还原酶活性较低,叶片生长发育良好。     

Ash-forming elements in four Scandinavian wood species. Part 1: Summer harvest

Woody biomass in Finland and Sweden comprises mainly four wood species: spruce, pine, birch and aspen. To study the ash, which may cause problems for the combustion device, one tree of each species were cut down and prepared for comparisons with fuel samples. Well-defined samples of wood, bark and foliage were analyzed on 11 ash-forming elements: Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Mn, Na, K, P, S and Cl. The ash content in the wood tissues (0.2–0.7%) was low compared to the ash content in the bark tissues (1.9–6.4%) and the foliage (2.4–7.7%). The woods’ content of ash-forming elements was consequently low; the highest contents were of Ca (410–1340 ppm) and K (200–1310), followed by Mg (70–290), Mn (15–240) and P (0–350). Present in the wood was also Si (50–190), S (50–200) and Cl (30–110). The bark tissues showed much higher element contents; Ca (4800–19,100 ppm) and K (1600–6400) were the dominating elements, followed by Mg (210–2400), P (210–1200), Mn (110–1100) and S (310–750), but the Cl contents (40–330) were only moderately higher in the bark than in the wood. The young foliage (shoots and deciduous leaves) had the highest K (7100–25,000 ppm), P (1600–5300) and S (1100–2600) contents of all tissues, while the shoots of spruce had the highest Cl contents (820–1360) and its needles the highest Si content (5000–11,300). This paper presented a new approach in fuel characterization: the method excludes the presence of impurities, and focus on different categories of plant tissues. This made it possible to discuss the contents of ash element in a wide spectrum of fuel-types, which are of large importance for the energy production in Finland and Sweden.     

Characterisation of phenolic phytochemicals and quality changes related to the harvest times from the leaves of Korean purple perilla (Perilla frutescens)

The objective of this study was to investigate the profiles of phenolic phytochemicals in the leaves of Korean purple perilla (cv. Bora, Perilla fructescens) using reversed-phase C₁₈ column chromatography and HPLC with DAD-ESI/MS analysis. Changes in their contents were also the first reported through eight different harvest times during two months. They were characterised as five anthocyanins and three phenolic acids including cyanidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside (1), cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (2), cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-caffeoyl)glucoside-5-O-glucoside (3), cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-coumaroyl)glucoside-5-O-glucoside (4), cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-coumaroyl)glucoside (5), caffeic acid (6), rosmarinic acid (7), and rosmarinic acid methylester (8). Significant differences were observed between individual and total phytochemical contents, especially, cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-coumaroyl)glucoside-5-O-glucoside (4) and rosmarinic acid (7) exhibited the predominant constituents. Among different harvest times, the highest content was found with 82.473 mg/g on 21st September, while the lowest was 39.000 mg/g on 17th August. These results may be useful in determining the optimal harvest time at which phenolic phytochemicals reaches a maximum level in mid-September.     

银杏叶保健营养糊的研制

本文介绍了如何从银杏叶中提取其有效成分，以及添加于食品中制成保健型营养糊的方法     

竹叶总黄酮含量的测定

以芦丁为标准样品,建立了芦丁标准工作曲线的回归方程:C(μg/ml)=96.838A-2.8675,相关系数为r2=0.9951,利用甲醇——索氏抽提法测定并计算出了每克竹叶中的总黄酮含量为13.65mg/g,该结果与文献报道的每克竹叶中总黄酮含量基本相符,并通过重现性、回收率和稳定性实验,验证了利用分光光度法测定竹叶总黄酮含量的可靠性。     

微波-高压提取银杏叶黄酮工艺条件优化

为了提高银杏叶中黄酮的得率,采用微波结合高压法联合提取,通过大孔吸附树脂分离、纯化黄酮。在单因素实验基础上,利用Box-Behnken组合设计研究pH,微波时间,压力3个因素对黄酮得率的影响。结果表明:黄酮提取的最佳工艺条件为:微波处理时间2.58min,压力为276.62MPa,pH为9.68,液料体积质量比30mL∶1g。在此条件下活性物质中黄酮的得率为5.14%。以吸附量和解吸率为指标对2种树脂进行对比,结果表明:AB-8是分离银杏叶黄酮的最佳树脂,静态饱和吸附量为16.2mg/g,吸附率81.1%,解吸率80.5%,纯化后银杏叶黄酮质量分数29.3%。     

杜仲叶和元宝枫叶提取物抗氧化性能的研究

用不同的提取方法分别从杜仲叶和元宝枫叶中提取抗氧化物质,比较了不同提取方法的提取率和不同提取物对食用油脂的抗氧化性能。得出杜仲叶用常温水提取、乙酸乙酯萃取,元宝枫叶用90℃热水提取、乙酸乙酯萃取的提取物产率高、抗氧化作用强。另外对猪肉、鱼肉的保鲜效果也进行了初步的研究。