压水堆核电厂堆外源量程探测器计数率分析

压水堆核电厂启动过程中，次级中子源为堆外源量程探测器提供本底计数率，避免测量盲区，确保反应堆安全启动。但次级中子源的引入会为核电厂带来较大的经济和环境负担，同时也需承受次级中子源破损等带来的风险。为此，可使用受辐照燃料组件的自发裂变中子源进行替代，即无源启动方式。通过研究堆外源量程探测器计数率的理论计算方法，并基于运行电厂测量数据进行分析验证，为源量程探测器计数率的理论预估提供了较为完善的理论方法流程。本文结果可为无源启动源量程探测器计数率分析提供支持，同时也可用于次级中子源装载量或布置位置的优化分析等。     

用于厚屏蔽小探测器的蒙特卡罗模拟减方差方法研究

反应堆屏蔽计算中经常出现厚屏蔽、小探测器问题，常规蒙特卡罗方法难以有效解决。基于自动重要抽样（AIS）方法，本文提出了小探测器自动重要抽样(SDAIS)方法，并针对小探测器问题，优化了AIS方法的虚粒子赌分裂算法。该方法在自主开发的蒙特卡罗屏蔽程序MCShield上进行了实现。使用NUREG/CR-6115 PWR基准题验证该方法的正确性和计算效率。结果表明，SDAIS方法可有效地解决厚屏蔽小探测器问题，相比AIS方法及传统的重要性方法，计算效率提升1~2个量级。     

A large-grain-size thick-film polycrystalline diamond detector for x-ray detection

A diamond film with a size of 6 × 6 × 0.5 mm³ is fabricated by electron-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Raman spectrum analysis, x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope images confirm the high purity and large grain size, which is larger than 300 μm. Its resistivity is higher than ${10}^{12}\,{\rm{\Omega }}\cdot {\rm{cm}}.$ Interlaced-finger electrodes are imprinted onto the diamond film to develop an x-ray detector. Ohmic contact is confirmed by checking the linearity of its current–voltage curve. The dark current is lower than 0.1 nA under an electric field of 30 kV cm⁻¹. The time response is 220 ps. The sensitivity is about 125 mA W⁻¹ under a biasing voltage of 100 V. A good linear radiation dose rate is also confirmed. This diamond detector is used to measure x-ray on a Z-pinch, which has a double-layer 'nested tungsten wire array'. The pronounced peaks in the measured waveform clearly characterize the x-ray bursts, which proves the performance of this diamond detector.     

Identification of factors that accelerate hydrogen production by Clostridium butyricum RAK25832 using casamino acids as a nitrogen source

The ability of Clostridium butyricum RAK25832 to use casamino acids as a nitrogen source was investigated. Strain RAK25832 showed the capacity to utilize different types of carbon sources. With glucose as a carbon source (10 g/L), the preferred final concentration of casamino acids was 26.67 g/L, with a cumulative hydrogen production, production rate, and yield of 2505 mL H₂/L, 160 mL/h, and 1.81 mol H₂/mol glucose, respectively. Eighteen metal elements were screened to identify the most important metals for biohydrogen production, and four elements were optimized. The optimal medium composition was MgCl₂·6H₂O (0.1 g/L), K₂HPO₄·3H₂O (6.67 g/L), NaHCO₃ (2.6 g/L), and FeCl₂·4H₂O (0.002 g/L). Vitamin supplementation of the medium showed no significant effect on hydrogen production. Under the optimized conditions, cumulative hydrogen production reached 3074 mL H₂/L. This is the first study to demonstrate the use of casamino acids as a nitrogen source by C. butyricum.     

室内空气TVOC浓度检测及其影响因素

介绍了室内空气中TVOC的检测原理和方法。使用GC-112A型气相色谱仪配HD-D型热解析装置进行空气中TVOC检测,通过对标准样品的分析来验证本检测方法的准确性,最后分析了影响其浓度检测准确性的因素。     

ABB 3501型红外分析仪测量读数不变的故障处理

切光马达使用寿命到期之后就会停转,从而对仪表的测量造成误差,失真的仪表示值又会对工艺人员的操作造成直接的影响,进而影响工艺产品的产品质量。本文通过对这种红外分析仪最常见的且容易发生的故障进行分析,并写出如何更换马达,以及更换后使用效果很好地恢复这一示例,给出了解决马达失效停转问题的正确方法。     

涡流空气分级机的发展与应用

随着羰基铁粉市场的细化,市场需要粒度更小、分布区间更窄的羰基铁粉,为满足这一需求,我们做了大量市场调研,根据羰基铁粉特性与流能粉体设备有限公司合作研发成功了国内首台用于羰基铁粉的氮气保护涡流分级机。本文在兴化涡流分级机研发的基础上,介绍了涡流空气分级机的工作原理和发展过程,对不同类型的涡流空气分级机进行了分析对比。简要介绍了兴化在选型与研发、改造涡流分级机的过程中取得的经验和效果。     

气体火灾探测器的研究与发展

阐述了几种气体火灾探测器的工作原理、性能特点及其应用,介绍了几种新型复合气体火灾探测器,探讨了气体火灾探测器的发展前景和趋势.     

多重目标综合决策在火灾报警系统中的应用

提出了在消防系统中利用模糊决策理论解决复杂环境下火灾的识别、判断及报警。论述了综合决策、多重目标综合决策数学模型及其在消防决策中的应用，给出了实例加以说明。     

光电探测器及其在火灾探测中的应用

文章着重介绍了火灾探测领域常的光电探测器的工作原理、结构形式和性能特点，并且介绍了在火灾探测中光电探测器的使用情况。