改性Raney Cu催化一乙醇胺脱氢合成甘氨酸

一乙醇胺在氢氧化钠的水溶液中〔w(NaOH)=12%～18%〕,用含有铬和锗等贵金属改性的RaneyCu催化剂脱氢合成甘氨酸。反应温度150～180℃,反应压力0 8～1 2MPa,反应时间2～4h。实验结果表明:改性RaneyCu催化剂比普通RaneyCu有更好的活性和使用寿命,使一乙醇胺的平均转化率从92%提高到97%,有效使用寿命(一乙醇胺的转化率≥90%)从5次延长到15次以上。     

椰油酸单乙醇酰胺磷酸酯的制备及性能研究

以椰油酸甲酯、单乙醇胺，Ｐ２Ｏ５等为原料制备一种新型阴离子表面活性剂－烷醇酰胺磷酸酯盐。初步探讨了工艺条件，测定了其物化性能。     

制氢尾气二氧化碳回收装置设计

对制氢尾气二氧化碳的回收装置进行了简捷设计，流程分析，并对换热装置的换热量和传热面积给出了算法和有关数据。     

低碳钢在富含H2S乙醇胺溶液中的腐蚀及缓蚀剂抑制

利用失重、腐蚀电化学方法和表面分析技术研究了碳钢在富含H2S的乙醇胺(MEA)溶液中的腐蚀行为，以及添加缓蚀剂后对其电化学行为的影响．讨论了IMC—C5缓蚀剂对该体系的缓蚀作用机理．结果表明，脱硫系统中吸收了硫化氢的乙醇胺溶液对碳钢的腐蚀十分严重，IMC—C5缓蚀剂能有效控制碳钢在该体系中的腐蚀．其缓蚀作用主要来自于吸附缓蚀剂分子对腐蚀阳极过程的抑制，为阳极吸附型缓蚀剂．     

基于Aspen Plus的燃煤电厂CO_2捕集系统模拟分析

针对乙醇胺溶液(MEA)化学吸收法在实际应用中能耗高的问题,在分析传统MEA法CO_2捕集工艺基础上,提出由菲涅尔式太阳能热泵和燃煤机组烟气余热共同提供再生热量的CO_2捕集技术。利用Aspen Plus软件对新型MEA法CO_2捕集技术模拟分析,获得具有代表性的预测结果。结果表明新型MEA法CO_2捕集工艺可节约63.80%的热能,新型CO_2捕集系统再生塔内的温度分布曲线更为平滑,更有利于CO_2快速分离。     

Corrosion in alkanolamine used for acid gas removal: From natural gas processing to CO2 capture

The aim of this paper is to review some of the parameters influencing the corrosivity of alkanolamine solvents used for natural gas purification or for CO₂ capture. In the light of literature data and of new experimental results, the influences of temperature and of acid gas loading are discussed. These two parameters appear to have a strong impact on corrosion rates of carbon steel, with extrapolated corrosion rates of several tens of mm/year for the highest temperature and acid gas loading condition. It is then proposed to discuss about similarities and differences between natural gas processing and CO₂ capture from flue gas. For both applications, alkanolamine processes are used. Still, differences can be found in operating parameters. The most significant gap concerns the lean amine sections. In acid gas treatment, the regeneration of the solvent is often performed down to zero loading. Under these conditions, an extremely low corrosivity of the lean solvent is expected. On the contrary, CO₂ capture from flue gas requires only a partial stripping of the CO₂ in the regeneration section, due to energy efficiency reasons. Then, the lean solvent still contains some acid gas, and subsequently a higher corrosivity. Finally, the general principles for material selection for the different parts of acid gas removal units are discussed, considering both cases of natural gas processing or CO₂ capture.     

Microwave-assisted synthesis of WS2 nanowires through tetrathiotungstate precursors

Abstract

Tungsten disulfide (WS₂) nanowires have been synthesized through a microwave-assisted chemical route that uses tungstic acid, elemental sulfur and monoethanolamine as starting reagents for obtaining a precursor solution of tetrathiotungstate ions. Acidification of the precursor solution yields amorphous precipitates, which lead to the formation of nanowires of WS₂ with thickness of about 5–10 nm when heated at 750 °C under argon atmosphere for 1.5 h. Phase and the microstructure of the prepared powders have been investigated through x-ray powder diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Optical absorption of the WS₂ powders reveals a red shift of the exciton bands compared to bulk WS₂.     

单乙醇胺吸收CO2的热力学模型和过程模拟

采用非随机双流体电解质（ENRTL）热力学模型,通过拟合单乙醇胺（MEA）的饱和蒸气压、热容数据,MEA和水（H₂O）二元体系的汽液平衡、热容、混合热数据,以及二氧化碳（CO₂）在MEA水溶液中的溶解度数据,建立了MEA吸收CO₂的热力学模型,并用核磁共振（NMR）组成数据成功地进行了验证。在此模型基础上,利用平衡级模型建立了MEA吸收/解吸CO₂的过程模拟,利用文献中中试工厂数据验证了过程模拟的准确性。对于质量分数为30%的MEA溶液,固定吸收塔CO₂去除率为90%的条件下,当吸收塔液气质量流率比值为2时,再沸器能耗最小,为3.64 GJ·（t CO₂）^-1。     

月桂酸单乙醇酰胺硫酸酯盐的合成与性能

通过一系列反应合成了月桂酸单乙醇酰胺硫酸酯盐(以下简称C12MSN),测定了在303 K下的表面化学性质及泡沫、去污、润湿等应用性能,研究了C12MSN与酯基Gemin i型季铵盐(以下简称Ⅱ-12-3)溶液复配体系的性质。结果显示,C12MSN的临界胶束浓度是2.79×10-3mol/L,其表面张力为25.42 mN/m,泡沫性好。发现n(C12MSN)∶n(Ⅱ-12-3)=7∶3复配时有较好的协同效应。     

烷醇酰胺复合物的制备

将甘油三酸酯、十二碳脂肪酸混合后与不同摩尔分数的醇胺制备成各类烷醇酰胺复合物,测定其基本性能,同时考察其对坯革的加脂性能.结果表明,甘油三酸酯、十二碳脂肪酸混合后与长链烷基胺制备的烷醇酰胺复合物流动性能良好、易乳化、黏度低、乳液稳定;加脂后坯革机械性能优良(撕裂强度为17.062 N/ram、抗张强度为6.039 N/...