Effect of microstructural features on the corrosion behavior of severely deformed Al–Mg–Si alloy

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of severe plastic deformation processing and the changes in microstructure resulting therefrom on the corrosion resistance of an Al–Mg–Si alloy. The alloy was processed using incremental equal channel angular pressing, which caused a reduction in grain size from 15 to 0.9 µm. The grain refinement was accompanied by an increase in the number of grain boundaries and dislocations, and by changes in grain orientation. However, there was no change in the size and number of intermetallic particles, which presumably resulted in a constant number of galvanic couplings. Electrochemical experiments revealed only slight differences between the samples before and after processing. Higher potential transients/oscillations upon immersion and increased corrosion currents in the vicinity of corrosion potential point to slightly higher reactivity of the most refined material. This indicates that intermetallic particles are the most crucial microstructural elements in terms of corrosion resistance. Their impact exceeds that of grain boundaries, in particular, at the stage of corrosion initiation. The development of corrosion attack is controlled more by the microstructure of the matrix as the grain refinement resulted in a less pronounced corrosion attack in comparison with the coarse-grained sample.     

超声波辅助插层-剥离法制备煤系高岭土微粉的研究

我国煤系高岭土储量丰富,为满足造纸、纺织等行业个性化的需求,通常要对其进行深加工。以山西朔州煤系高岭土为原料,分别在恒温磁力搅拌和超声波作用下探究了煤系高岭土/二甲基亚砜(DMSO)插层复合物制备的最佳条件,在插层复合物的基础上对煤系高岭土进行超声辅助剥离,制备得到高岭土微粉,并利用XRD、SEM、BET、TG-DSC等方法分析表征样品。正交实验结果表明在磁力搅拌条件下DMSO用量、插层时间以及插层温度均对插层率具有一定的影响,引入超声波有利于高岭土插层率的提升。插层复合物经超声辅助剥离后晶粒厚度明显减小,高岭土片层状结构大体上呈现碎片化,仅保留少部分大的片状结构,其边缘碎化,整体上也出现碎裂的趋势。剥离样品的比表面积和孔径均大幅度增加,为硬质高岭土的剥离和超微细粉体的制备提供了新的思路。     

基于制备超细复合含能材料的对置受限式撞击流反应器微观混合性能

由于对置受限式撞击流反应器较高的传热及混合效率，能够制备出粒径小、均匀且分布范围窄的超细颗粒。本文采用碘化物-碘酸盐平行竞争反应体系研究入射速度、结构尺寸对对置受限式撞击流反应器微观混合效果的影响规律，并将混合腔尺寸同等比例放大一倍进行对比研究。结果表明，随着入射速度的增大，离集指数减小，微观混合效果提高。喷嘴间距与喷嘴直径比的增大使得离集指数增大，微观混合效果降低。离集指数随着混合腔高度、混合腔出口尺寸的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势，且混合腔高度对混合效果的影响较混合腔出口尺寸显著。将对置受限式撞击流反应器混合腔尺寸扩大一倍，离集指数增加到原来的2.4倍，微观混合效果显著下降，但是在较大入射速度下，两种结构的混合效果差距减小。研究结果可为纳米复合含能材料的制备提供高效、安全的技术支持。     

Development of the method of production of the ultrafine macrohomogeneous composite powder

ABSTRACT

A method of ultrafine macro-homogeneous composite powder – B₄C–ZrO₂ production using a planetary mill was developed. From the macro-homogeneous composite high-density ceramics, B₄C–ZrB₂ was produced by the method of reactive sintering (in situ) at 2000°C under the pressure of 41–42?MPa. The effect of ZrO₂ grain size and of its distribution in the matrix on the consolidation parameters, and the microstructure of the obtained ceramics was studied.     

超细粉在内循环流化床中的流态化特性

在内径120 mm的半圆柱形内循环流化床中,以平均粒径387 nm的Ti O2为原料,考察了单独通入流化气、射流气和同时通入流化气和射流气三种流化方式下超细粉的流化特性以及射流气速对超细粉聚团尺寸的影响。结果表明:同时通入流化气和射流气时,流化气能促进粉体循环,消除环隙死区;高速射流能有效破碎聚团,显著减小聚团尺寸,从而使超细粉在环隙区与导流管之间形成稳定循环,小聚团在环隙区实现平稳流态化。随着射流气速的增大,聚团尺寸减小,粒度分布变窄,在射流气速分别为60,90,120,150 m/s的条件下,聚团平均直径分别为194,158,147,135μm。     

粉煤灰-矿渣复合超细粉蒸养混凝土力学性能

研究了在蒸汽养护和标准养护条件下掺粉煤灰－矿渣复合超细粉蒸养混凝土的力学性能，试验结果表明：粉煤灰－矿渣复合超细粉的掺入改善了蒸养混凝土的力学性能，并使蒸养混凝土具有较大的后期强度增长度，与空白对比组的混凝土相比，粉煤灰－矿渣复合超细粉混凝土的干缩显著降低。     

梳形聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥的相容性研究

选用4种梳形聚羧酸系减水剂、4种水泥、3种可溶性硫酸盐、2种矿物超细粉等原材料，通过测试掺减水剂水泥浆体的Zeta电位、净浆流动度损失以及混凝土性能等，说明聚羧酸系减水剂结构与性能、水泥组成与性能、电解质多价阳离子及矿物超细粉掺量等对聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥之间的相容性有重要影响．