Note on nonparametric spectral analysis of wideband spectrum with missing data via sample-and-hold interpolation and deconvolution

In [1] a procedure for bias-free estimation of the autocorrelation function is introduced for equidistantly sampled data with randomly occurring samples being invalid. The method incorporates sample-and-hold interpolation of the missing data points. The occurring dynamic error of the primary estimate of the correlation function is treated by a deconvolution procedure with two parameters $c_0$ and $c_1$ with $c_0+2c_1=1$, which are the on-diagonal and the aside-diagonal parameters of a specific correction matrix (at all lag times except zero). The parameters $c_0$ and $c_1$ were obtained as a function of the probability α of a sample to be valid by numerical simulation. However, explicit expressions for the parameters $c_0(\alpha )=1-\frac{2}{\alpha }+\frac{2}{{\alpha }^2}$ and $c_1(\alpha )=\frac{1}{\alpha }-\frac{1}{{\alpha }^2}$ can be derived, which might improve the usability of the deconvolution procedure in [1].     

耐火材料声发射源信号的盲反卷恢复

声发射信号是表征材料内部损伤状态的重要指标。由于源信号无法直接获取,研究的通常是传播一段距离后已失真的信号,这对材料损伤状态的准确判断带来了影响。为了降低传播路径对声发射源信号的衰减和失真带来的不利影响,假设声发射信号在耐火材料的传递路径为线性系统,对传递通道的冲击响应函数进行了估计,并设计了反卷滤波器。与实验结果对比发现,该方法很好的辨识了传递通道未知的系统,并能一定程度地恢复声发射源信号,为材料损伤状态的准确判断提供参考。     

Evaluation of short pulse and short time thermal transient measurements

Thermal transient recording and the time constant spectrum analysis are widely used methods in the thermal testing and qualification of IC packages. A limitation of these methods is that recording of the complete transient response requires long time. This limitation, however, can be overcome by sophisticated procedures. The first method is to apply short power pulse for excitation; the second one is the interruption of the transients long before the thermal equilibrium is reached. The paper offers algorithms to evaluate these short pulse and short time measurements. The presented methods are suitable if the extraction of the little time constants is needed. This is the case if the transient method is used e.g. for die attach quality checking.     

An Interpretation Model For The UV-VIS Spectra Of Microorganisms

Multiwavelength UV-vis spectra of microorganisms and cell suspensions contain quantitative information on their properties such as number, size, shape, chemical composition, and internal structure. These properties are essential for the identification and classification of cells. The complexity of microorganisms in terms of their chemical composition and internal structure makes the interpretation of their spectral signature a difficult task. In this article a model is proposed for the interpretation of the multiwavelength spectra of microorganisms. The proposed interpretation model is based on light scattering theory, spectral deconvolution techniques, and the approximation of the frequency-dependent optical properties of the basic constituents of living organisms. The optical properties as functions of wavelength and available literature data on the size and chemical composition of E. coli cells and Bacillus globigii spores were used to explore the sensitivity of the calculated spectra to the model parameters. It is shown that the proposed model can reproduce the features of experimentally measured spectra. The sensitivity of the spectra to the model parameters suggests that the proposed model can be used for the quantitative deconvolution of the UV-vis spectra in terms of critical information necessary for the detection and identification of microorganisms.     

X线能谱中重叠峰的处理

回顾了Ｘ线能谱中重叠峰的处理方法，本文述及重叠系数法和退卷积法。阐述了重叠峰的概念、重叠系数的计算和测量方法以及强度的计算。介绍了方法的原理，并列举了具体实例。     

H∞ inferential filtering, prediction and smoothing problems

A new type of H_∞ optimal linear estimation problem is considered where no direct measurement of the output to be estimated is available. The optimal filter, predictor and smoother are derived for this case where outputs must be inferred from available measurements. The results cover the usual discrete time filtering problems and also optimal deconvolution estimation problems. They also apply to the situation, often found in industry, where estimates of signals are required which can only be determined from secondary measurements. An equalizing solution to the H_∞ problem is obtained, ensuring that the estimation error spectrum is determined directly by the choice of the dynamic cost-weighting function.     

A NEW METHOD OF DECONVOLUTION IN THE FREQUENCY DOMAIN

A new deconvolution method has been presented in this paper. Like conventional Discrete Fourier Transform(DFT) method, it is also a frequency domain method. Since there are only DFT, IDFT and multiplication calculations in the new method, the singular problem appeared in the conventional DFT method can be avoid, and the deconvolution problem can always be solved with the new method. The relationship between the presented method and conventional DFT method is discussed. A numerical example is also presented to illustrate the new method.     

Deconvolution Combined with Digital Colocalization Analysis to Study the Spatial Distribution of Tight and Adherens Junction Proteins

The relative spatial distribution of proteins was investigated with immunofluorescent methods by confocal laser scanning microscopy and digital image restoration. For confocal data sets recorded with a voxel dimension of 50 × 50 × 150 nm noise and blur can be decreased and the resolution in the z-axis increased by applying the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm of the Huygens software. This approach was successfully applied to the study of tight and adherens junctions in relation to the actin cytoskeleton in Madin Darby Canine Kidney cells. Colocalization analysis was done for pairs of probes using a histogram-based method. F-actin, occludin, zonula occludens 1, and E-cadherin were included in the study. Double-labeled preparations were used. The combination of deconvolution with the colocalization of confocal data sets offers a powerful tool to investigate the spatial arrangement of proteins.