Integrated energy storage system based on triboelectric nanogenerator in electronic devices

The emergence of electronic devices has brought earth-shaking changes to people's life.However,an extemal power source may become indispensable to the electronie devices due to the limited capacity of batteries.As one of the possible solutions for the extermal power sources,the triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)provides a novel idea to the increasing mumber of personal electronic devices.TENG is a new type of energy ollector,which has become a hot spot in the field of nanotechnology.It is widely used at the acquisition and conversion of mechan-ical enegy to electrice energy through the principle of electrostatic induction.On this basis,the TENG could be integrated with the energy stonage system into a self-powered system,W hich can supply power to the electronic devices and make them work continuously.In this review,TENG's basic structure as well as its working process and working mode are firstly discussed.The integration method of TENGs with enegy storage systems and the related research status are then introduced in detail.At the end of this paper,we put forward some problems and discuss the prospect in the future.     

基于振动能量采集器的无源无线传感节点技术研究

随着以MEMS技术为依托,结合压电效应的振动能量采集技术的日臻完善,如何利用振动能量采集器构成高效的无源无线传感节点成为近期研究热点,而能量采集器输出的电能储存控制和低功耗发射技术是实现该节点的难点。在设计出对储能电容电压具有双阈值检测与控制功能的低功耗电路基础上,给出了一种自报警、无源无线低功耗传感节点。实验表明,在频率52 Hz正弦振动、振动加速度幅值为5 gn激励下,经过125 s的能量储存,节点能够以+10 dBm功率在16 ms内完成发射及无线报警,发射距离可达1.31 km。该节点构成的无线传感网络可广泛应用于石油管线、桥梁和军事侦察等外部供电极度受限环境的现场监控等用途。     

基于压电振动俘能的自供电刮板输送机张力检测系统

为实现对刮板输送机运行过程中链条张力的有效检测,克服供电模块需要定期拆卸更换的难题,提出了一种基于压电振动俘能自供电的刮板输送机张力检测系统.通过采集刮板运行过程中产生的振动能量实现电能的有效转换,保证张力检测装置和无线信号发射装置长期有效工作.通过系统多个周期张力检测实验结果表明,检测系统自供电性能稳定;截取103 s的单周期进行分析,刮板经过链轮时的最大张力峰值为274.2 kN,通过计算两端部啮合点张力的差值得到下边链的运行阻力为12 kN,测试结果符合现场实际工况,表明系统具有较高的检测精度及可靠性.     

Boosted Photocurrent via Heating BiFeo3 Thin Film for UV Photodetector at Wide Temperature Range

The current research on ferroelectric photovoltaic materials is concentrated on enhancing the output photocurrent. As solar cells operate at high temperatures, it is crucial to take into account the effect of increasing temperatures on ferroelectric photovoltaics. In this study, an LNO (lanthanum nickelate, LaNiO₃)/BFO (bismuth ferrate, BiFeO₃)/ITO (indium tin oxide) device is constructed on a mica substrate by sol–gel method. The device achieves output photocurrent enhancement at a wide temperature range (33–183 °C), with the largest photocurrent enhancement at 130 °C, which is 178% relative to room temperature, and the output power is also increased by 9.88 times. At the same time, compared with BFO bulk, it is found that the performance of BFO film is always higher than that of bulk in the test temperature range, and the output photocurrent of BFO film at room temperature is 104 times higher than that of bulk. This article investigates the effect of high temperatures on ferroelectric photovoltaics and also provides a strategy for enhancing the photovoltaic performance of ferroelectric films, providing guidance for future applications of ferroelectric films in flexible solar cells and other applications.     

Biomimetic Aerogel for Moisture-Induced Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Electronic Skin

Moisture–electric generator (MEG)-based blue energy is widely studied. There is still a significant challenge in improving the power of the MEGs system and expanding its application in self-powered electronic skin. Inspired by the structure of ferns, a biomimetic moisture–electric aerogel is designed to collect energy. Polyvinyl alcohol dendritic colloids act as “roots” and “stems” to provide support and channels to transport water molecules. Meanwhile, “leaf-like” graphene oxide sheets generate electricity through direct interaction with water. Besides, based on the above biomimetic structure, this work further enhances the output performance of MEGs by increasing the specific surface area (120.4 m² g⁻¹) and introducing an ultra-high ion density gradient (from −35 to +37 mV). Meanwhile, due to the excellent water absorption, the MEGs show good salt resistance and cyclic stability. By constructing unique biomimetic structures, ultra-high ion density gradient, and regulating environmental conditions, a high-performance MEG is obtained, including ultra-high open-circuit voltage (1.9 V) and short-circuit current (82.5 µA), the industry-leading power density among MEGs with continuous output is reported in the literature (22.55 µW cm⁻²). Besides, the MEGs can accurately respond to environmental and pressure changes, showing its application potential in self-powered electronic skin.     

低温热能转化为电能自供电装置的研究

摘要本文研究了半导体温差发电器件的输出电压与温差的关系,设计了一种将低温热能转化为电能的自供电装置。以暖气片或暖气管道为热源,利用两片温差发电器件产生不稳定的直流电源。采用03V超低压充电泵S-882Z与DC／DC相结合的稳压电路,最大限度地将低温热源转化的电能用于充电电池充电、热量表供电。充电管理芯片MCP73831用于保护充电电池和实现完全充电。     

一种馈能型混合悬架的多模式协调控制

为了有效控制车辆悬架振动及回收振动能量,提出了一种基于滚珠丝杠式作动器和磁流变减振器的车辆馈能型混合悬架结构。建立了1/4车辆2自由度混合悬架动力学模型,分析了混合悬架的主动控制模式和具有电磁阻尼力反馈调节的半主动控制模式,设计了混合悬架多模式协调控制器,并利用MATLAB/Simulink软件对混合悬架多模式协调控制的动态性能、悬架系统的自供能进行了仿真分析,开展了混合悬架台架试验研究。仿真和试验结果表明：与被动悬架相比,随机路面谱输入条件下混合悬架的簧载质量加速度均方根减小了30%以上,混合悬架减振效果显著。     

无源无线智能控制系统在建筑设计中的应用

针对构建绿色节能建筑的设计要求,分析了无源无线智能控制系统的结构以及各个设备的特点,结合在建筑设计中的应用实例,阐述了在设计中需要注意的问题。     

地面井瓦斯抽采计量监测系统的研究与应用

针对地面井瓦斯抽采监控计量存在可靠性差、精确度低的问题,通过对抽采检测、野外自供电、分布式测点数据采集、计量监控装置等技术及工艺的研究,形成了一套地面井瓦斯抽采单独计量监测系统,为地面井实时在线监测提供了整套技术与装备,提高了地面井计量的精确度;同时将地面井瓦斯抽采数据与井下监控系统数据实时结合在一起,实现了矿井抽采的安全和有效监控。     

A Skin-Inspired Triboelectric Nanogenerator with an Interpenetrating Structure for Motion Sensing and Energy Harvesting

Rapid advancements in wearable electronics impose the challenge on power supply devices. Herein, a flexible single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (SE-TENG) that enables both human motion sensing and biomechanical energy harvesting is reported. The SE-TENG is fabricated by interpenetrating Ag-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanofibers within a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer. The Ag coating and PDMS are performed as the electrode and dielectric material for the SE-TENG, respectively. The Ag-coated PET nanofibers enlarge the electrode surface area, which is beneficial to increase sensing sensitivity. The flexible SE-TENG sensor shows the capability of outputting alternating electrical signals with an open-circuit voltage up to 50 V and a short-circuit current up to 200 nA in response to externally applied pressure. It is used to sense various types of human motions and harvest electric energy from body motion. The harvested energy can successfully power wearable electronics, such as an electronic watch and light-emitting diode. Therefore, the as-prepared SE-TENG sensor with a pressure response and self-powered capability provides potential applications in wearable sensors or flexible electronics for personal healthcare and human–machine interfaces.