定向凝固法制备YBC超导体的若干材料学问题

讨论了定向凝固法制备YBCO超导体涉及的包晶转变与包晶反应，成分过冷，扩散控制生长模型，界面效应及定向凝固YBCO生长晶体学等问题。     

Polynitroalcohols obtained through nitro aldol reaction between nitro oligomers and C1‐C2‐aldehydes

Polynitroalcohols (PNA) were obtained by A_N‐reaction of nitro oligomers from ground waste rubbers (NO‐GWR) with C₁‐C₂‐aldehydes in presence of organic bases triethanolamine, triethylamine and cyclopropylamine. The A_N‐reaction was studied at temperatures from 30 to 50°C, time 4 h, and NO‐GWR : aldehyde = 1 : 0.5/2.0 mass ratios in the solution. PNA were characterized by elemental analyses, such as ¹H NMR spectra, IR spectroscopy—baseline method with internal standard and thermal analyses. The quantitative functional composition of PNA (%NO₂, %C?O, and %OH groups) was proved to be similar to the composition of PNA obtained from model butadiene–styrene nitro oligomer (BSNO). It was concluded that NO‐GWR could replace NO based on elastomers in nitro aldol reaction with formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3241–3250, 2006     

3,4-二甲氧基苯乙胺的合成

对芳香乙胺化合物进行了研究,以选取适合工业生产的合成方法.邻苯二酚经醚化得到1,2-二甲氧基苯,收率96.7%,再选用高选择性的溴化剂溴化,收率96.5%,经格氏反应和羟乙基化反应制备3,4-二甲氧基苯乙醇,醇与对甲苯磺酰氯反应得到酯,收率97.0%,最后经Gabriel法可以制备3,4-二甲氧基苯乙胺,此步反应收率68.5%.通过实验对各步反应条件进行优化,为相关产品的研究开发提供了有效的途径.     

B113－2型低汽／气比CO高温变换催化剂的研制

介绍了Ｂ１１３－２Ｍ低汽／气比ＣＯ高温变换催化剂的研制方法及其特点．实验室测试表明，Ｂ１１３－２型催化剂具有堆密度低、运行强度高、选择性好、抗沸水性能优、本体含硫低及低温活性好等优点．     

GRAPHICAL PROCEDURE FOR REACTIVE DISTILLATION SYSTEMS

In this paper we analyze a ternary reactive distillation system, where an equilibrium chemical reaction occurs in the liquid phase. By using a set of transformed variables proposed by Barbosa el al. (1988b) and well known graphical procedures for non-reactive systems; the minimum reflux ratio, minimum number of equilibrium stages, mass and energy balances for a reactive column and flash can be easily obtained. The procedures developed in this paper are applied to ISOBUTYLENE-METHANOL-MTBE system.

The main objective in developing this model is to obtain, as much as possible, rigorous information for the analysis of one reactive distillation column in a Process Simulator with capability of handling this type of new operation.     

激光诱导二甲基二乙氧基硅烷气相合成碳化硅超细粉

本工作首次采用有机硅试剂二甲基二乙氧基硅烷为反应物，进行了激光导气相反应，制备出平均粒径为４０ｎｍ的非晶ＳｉＣ粉末，粉末中Ｃ／Ｓｉ比随反应气流量的变化而变化。非晶ＳｉＣ粉末在１８７３Ｋ，氮气中退火１ｈ后转变为β－ＳｉＣ及α－ＳｉＣ，同时，粉末中部分氧杂质及自由碳脱出粉末。     

Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from Methanol and Carbon dioxide using Potassium Methoxide as Catalyst under Mild Conditions

Pd-supported on WO₃–ZrO₂ (W/Zr atomic ratio=0.2) calcined at 1073 K was found to be highly active and selective for gas-phase oxidation of ethylene to acetic acid in the presence of water at 423 K and 0.6 MPa. Contact time dependence demonstrated that acetic acid is formed via acetaldehyde formed by a Wacker-type reaction, not through ethanol by hydration of ethylene.     

Ce和La改性固体超强酸S2O82-/ZrO2-SiO2催化剂合成及其酯化性能研究

以Zr(NO₃)₄·5H₂O和Na₂SiO₃·9H₂O为原料,利用共沉淀法制备前驱体,浸渍添加稀土Ce和La,一定温度焙烧后制得掺杂稀土S₂O₈^2-/ZrO₂-SiO₂固体超强酸。通过XRD、FT-IR和SEM对催化剂进行表征,以硬脂酸的酯化合成反应为探针,考察制备条件对催化剂性能的影响以及催化剂的重复使用率。结果表明,相对于未改性的S₂O₈^2-/ZrO₂-SiO₂催化剂,添加了Ce或La的固体超强酸酯化催化活性及重复使用性能均有提高。