Double emulsion (W/O/W) gel stabilised by polyglycerol polyricinoleate and calcium caseinate as mangiferin carrier: insights on formulation and stability properties

Mangiferin (MGF) is a phenolic compound isolated from mango, but its poor solubility significantly limits its use. In this study, MGF was embedded into the inner aqueous phase of W₁/O/W₂ emulsions. Firstly, the dissolution method of MGF was determined. MGF remained stable in solution with pH 13 at 30 min, and its solubility reached 10 mg mL⁻¹. When the pH of MGF solutions was adjusted from pH 13 to pH 6, MGF did not immediately crystallise, providing sufficient time to construct the MGF-loaded W₁/O/W₂ emulsions. Subsequently, the MGF-loaded W₁/O/W₂ emulsions were constructed using polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) and calcium caseinate (CAS). The formation and stability of the W₁/O/W₂ emulsions were investigated. The MGF-loaded W₁/O/W₂ emulsions stabilised with 1% PGPR and 1% – 3% CAS exhibited a low viscosity, limited loading capacity, and poor stability. Conversely, the MGF-loaded W₁/O/W₂ emulsions stabilised by 3%PGPR–3%CAS exhibited optimal loading capacity (encapsulation efficiency = 95.31% and loading efficiency = 0.91%) and stability, which was attributed to the fact that high viscosity and gel state retarded the migration of inner aqueous phase. These results indicated that the W₁/O/W₂ emulsions stabilised by PGPR and CAS may be a potential alternative for encapsulating mangiferin.     

基于全U网络的混凝土路面裂缝检测算法

针对现有的混凝土裂缝检测算法在各种复杂环境中检测精度不够、鲁棒性不强的问题,根据深度学习理论和U-net模型,提出一种全U型网络的裂缝检测算法。首先,依照原U-net模型路线构建网络;然后,在每个池化层后都进行一次上采样,恢复其在池化层之前的特征图规格,并将其与池化之前的卷积层进行融合,将融合之后的特征图作为新的融合层与原U-net网络上采样之后的网络层进行融合;最后,为了验证算法的有效性,在测试集中进行实验。结果表明,所提算法的平均精确率可达到83.48%,召回率为85.08%,F1为84.11%,相较于原U-net分别提升了1.48%,4.68%和3.29%,在复杂环境中也能提取完整裂缝,保证了裂缝检测的鲁棒性。     

金针菇多糖对微冻大黄鱼及其鱼片品质变化的影响

为研究金针菇多糖（polysaccharide from Flammulina velutipes，FVP）对微冻大黄鱼及鱼片在贮藏期间肌原纤维蛋白性质的变化及水分分布的影响，实验分别选用0.03、0.06、0.09 g/L FVP浸渍处理大黄鱼和鱼片，以无菌水处理为对照组，分析微冻贮藏期间样品的感官指标得分、总挥发性盐基氮含量、总巯基含量、Ca2＋-ATPase活性、蛋白流变学性质以及水分迁移变化规律。结果表明：FVP可有效抑制整鱼总挥发性盐基氮含量上升和感官得分的下降；减缓整鱼及鱼片在微冻过程中总巯基含量、Ca2＋-ATPase活性下降和水分流失；此外FVP还能够延缓大黄鱼因腐败而出现的蛋白凝胶能力减弱。在本实验选取的多糖浓度范围内，0.09 g/L FVP处理组保鲜效果较强。该研究结果可为FVP用于水产品贮运保鲜提供理论参考。     

反坦克导弹用热电池研究进展

反坦克导弹作为击毁坦克和其他装甲目标的武器装备,在国家安全领域具有重要地位.热电池作为反坦克导弹的能源系统,对导弹功能实现具有重要意义.围绕反坦克导弹用热电池快激活和瞬时高比功率技术,结合热电池电化学材料体系发展历史、现状,探讨了提升快激活能力,提高瞬时比功率输出能力的技术,并对技术发展趋势进行了展望.     

Freeze-drying and mechanical redispersion of aqueous PEDOT:PSS

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films are attracting famous applications in antistatic coating, energy storage and conversion, printed electronics, and biomedical fields due to their conductivity, optical transparency and flexibility. However, PEDOT:PSS has poor dispersion stability during long-term storage and transport. Moreover, the dried PEDOT:PSS films are insoluble in any solvent and cannot be redispersed again. In comparison to bake drying, here, a feasible strategy to achieve mechanically redispersed PEDOT:PSS with the help of freeze-drying process was reported. The redispersed PEDOT:PSS can recover not only the initial characters such as pH, chemical composition, viscosity, and particle size under similar solid contents, but also conductivity and surface morphology of treated films. In addition, the treated film exhibits self-healing properties similar to pristine film in terms of mechanical and electrical properties. This technology enables reuse and overcomes the technical problems of PEDOT:PSS dispersion, realizing real-time processing to meet variable applications.     

黄淮平原“环城湖”景观的空间发展与生成机制研究 — —以淮阳为例

地缘环境造就了不同城市景观的独 特性。环城湖就是受黄河泛滥影响，河流中下 游平原产生的特殊城市景观。但在发展过程 中，这些城市出现了不同程度的水域面积缩减 的现象，城市风景的独特性也随之消失。淮阳 作为此类环城湖景观保存较为完好的城市， 环城湖的发展历程具有很强的代表性，研究 环城湖的生成机制能为保护和发展城市整体 格局提供明晰的理论支撑。论文在史料研究 基础上，梳理了淮阳的城市景观发展特征以 及此特征下城湖空间格局的形成过程；整理了 在地势低下、极端降雨、河泛频繁、政治经济 转移影响下的淮阳环城湖的形成机制，以期为 淮阳城市的发展研究提供参考与借鉴。     

Pseudocapacitive contributions to electrochemical kinetics in NiOx electrochromic anodes

Because of its ability to change optical absorption dynamically by applied electric field, nickel oxide (NiO) is a promising anodic material in smart windows, which can improve energy conversion efficiency in construction buildings. Although many works have achieved high electrochromic performance with different method. The underlying mechanism is still not fully investigated. In this article, we prepared the NiO films with large specific surface area and high stability by electron beam evaporation. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to figure out the surface morphology and composition of as-deposited films. Afterwards, the electrochemical properties and optical performance of the prepared NiO films were investigated. On this basis, the origin of surface charge was fully analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and diffusion coefficient test. These experimental and theoretical results firmly confirm that both the surface reaction and capacitive effect bring about the excellent EC performance in NiO films. These results not only provide clear evidence about electrochemical kinetics in NiO films, but also offer some useful guidelines for the design of EC materials with higher performance and longer stability.     

美国网络空间领域战略思想及发展重点研究

美军将网络空间视为继陆、海、空、天外的第五大作战域,并将其列为国防部11项现代化优先事项之一,在美国等军事大国推动下,网络空间成为国家安全竞争和军事斗争的新疆域.文中对近年美国联邦政府、各部门及各军种发布的网络空间领域主要战略政策、规划计划进行梳理,研究其主要战略思想;分析美军2022财年国防预算、研究经费投向投量及重点项目的 研发情况.形成的研究成果将对我国网络空间安全领域研究提供技术支撑.     

基于图神经网络的网络性能智能预测

传统网络性能预测技术存在网络状态获取不够全面及网络性能评估准确性欠佳等问题，利用图神经网络学习推理网络关系数据的特点，结合捕获的网络全局信息，提出了一种基于图神经网络的网络性能智能预测方法。通过网络系统抽象及网络性能建模，将复杂的网络信息转化为形式化的图数据进行描述，利用图空域卷积处理图网络节点的消息传递过程，实现网络信息之间的关系推理，研究了实现网络性能预测的图神经网络模型，提出了一种能处理流量矩阵、网络拓扑、路由策略、节点配置的图神经网络体系结构，最后通过实验论证了模型能更好地实现包括时延、抖动和丢包率的网络性能的准确预测。     

基于SRAM的通用存算一体架构平台在物联网中的应用

最近,存算一体(IMC)架构引起了广泛关注,并被认为有望成为突破冯诺依曼瓶颈的新型计算机架构,特别是在数据密集型(data-intensive)计算中能够带来显著的性能和功耗优势.其中,基于SRAM的IMC架构方案也被大量研究与应用.该文在一款基于SRAM的通用存算一体架构平台——DM-IMCA的基础上,探索IMC架构在物联网领域中的应用价值.具体来说,该文选取了物联网中包括信息安全、二值神经网络和图像处理在内的多个轻量级数据密集型应用,对算法进行分析或拆分,并将关键算法映射到DM-IMCA中的SRAM中,以达到加速应用计算的目的.实验结果显示,与基于传统冯诺依曼架构的基准系统相比,利用DM-IMCA来实现物联网中的轻量级计算密集型应用,可获得高达24倍的计算加速比.