全文获取类型
收费全文 | 198938篇 |
免费 | 21138篇 |
国内免费 | 12318篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 18365篇 |
技术理论 | 6篇 |
综合类 | 22375篇 |
化学工业 | 20457篇 |
金属工艺 | 8467篇 |
机械仪表 | 13453篇 |
建筑科学 | 21568篇 |
矿业工程 | 7267篇 |
能源动力 | 10804篇 |
轻工业 | 13354篇 |
水利工程 | 7747篇 |
石油天然气 | 7802篇 |
武器工业 | 2708篇 |
无线电 | 16819篇 |
一般工业技术 | 23532篇 |
冶金工业 | 7475篇 |
原子能技术 | 2654篇 |
自动化技术 | 27541篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 930篇 |
2023年 | 2959篇 |
2022年 | 5349篇 |
2021年 | 6164篇 |
2020年 | 6647篇 |
2019年 | 5887篇 |
2018年 | 5342篇 |
2017年 | 6710篇 |
2016年 | 7260篇 |
2015年 | 7604篇 |
2014年 | 12250篇 |
2013年 | 11763篇 |
2012年 | 14839篇 |
2011年 | 15576篇 |
2010年 | 11848篇 |
2009年 | 12108篇 |
2008年 | 11262篇 |
2007年 | 13659篇 |
2006年 | 11970篇 |
2005年 | 10107篇 |
2004年 | 8368篇 |
2003年 | 7191篇 |
2002年 | 6021篇 |
2001年 | 5032篇 |
2000年 | 4308篇 |
1999年 | 3767篇 |
1998年 | 2954篇 |
1997年 | 2572篇 |
1996年 | 2176篇 |
1995年 | 1929篇 |
1994年 | 1651篇 |
1993年 | 1200篇 |
1992年 | 1078篇 |
1991年 | 751篇 |
1990年 | 628篇 |
1989年 | 592篇 |
1988年 | 438篇 |
1987年 | 276篇 |
1986年 | 223篇 |
1985年 | 149篇 |
1984年 | 150篇 |
1983年 | 91篇 |
1982年 | 104篇 |
1981年 | 107篇 |
1980年 | 69篇 |
1979年 | 58篇 |
1978年 | 34篇 |
1977年 | 36篇 |
1975年 | 24篇 |
1959年 | 37篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(100):42280-42292
In this study, the separation of hydrogen from gas mixtures using a palladium membrane coupled with a vacuum environment on the permeate side was studied experimentally. The gas mixtures composed of H2, N2, and CO2 were used as the feed. Hydrogen permeation fluxes were measured with membrane operating temperature in the range of 320–380 °C, pressures on the retentate side in the range of 2–5 atm, and vacuum pressures on the permeate side in the range of 15–51 kPa. The Taguchi method was used to design the operating conditions for the experiments based on an orthogonal array. Using the measured H2 permeation fluxes from the Taguchi approach, the stepwise regression analysis was also employed for establishing the prediction models of H2 permeation flux, followed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) to identify the significance and suitability of operating conditions. Based on both the Taguchi approach and ANOVA, the H2 permeation flux was mostly affected by the gas mixture composition, followed by the retentate side pressure, the vacuum degree, and the membrane temperature. The predicted optimal operating conditions were the gas mixture with 75% H2 and 25% N2, the membrane temperature of 320 °C, the retentate side pressure of 5 atm, and the vacuum degree of 51 kPa. Under these conditions, the H2 permeation flux was 0.185 mol s?1 m?2. A second-order normalized regression model with a relative error of less than 7% was obtained based on the measured H2 permeation flux. 相似文献
2.
3.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(64):27608-27616
The vanadium hydrides have better hydrogen storage capacity in comparison to the other metal hydrides. Although the structure of VH2 hydride has been reported, the structural stability, electronic and optical properties of VH2 hydride are unclear. To solve these problems, we apply the first-principles method to study the structural stability, electronic and optical properties of VH2 hydrides. Similar to the metal dihydrides, four possible VH2 hydrides such as the cubic (Fm-3m), tetragonal (I4/mmm), tetragonal (P42/mnm) and orthorhombic (Pnma) are designed. The result shows that the cubic VH2 hydride is a thermodynamic and dynamical stability. In particular, the tetragonal (I4/mmm) and the orthorhombic (Pnma) VH2 hydrides are firstly predicted. It is found that these VH2 hydrides show metallic behavior. The electronic interaction of V (d-state)-H (s-state) is beneficial to improve the hydrogen storage in VH2 hydride. In addition, the formation of V–H bond can improve the structural stability of VH2 hydride. Based on the analysis of optical properties, it is found that all VH2 hydrides show the ultraviolet response. Compared to the tetragonal and orthorhombic VH2 hydrides, the cubic VH2 hydride has better storage optical properties. Therefore, we believe that the VH2 hydride is a promising hydrogen storage material. 相似文献
4.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(82):35003-35016
A new route of materials synthesis, namely, high-temperature, high-pressure reactive planetary ball milling (HTPRM), is presented. HTPRM allows for the mechanosynthesis of materials at fully controlled temperatures of up to 450 °C and pressures of up to 100 bar of hydrogen. As an example of this application, a successful synthesis of magnesium hydride is presented. The synthesis was performed at controlled temperatures (room temperature (RT), 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 325 °C) while milling in a planetary ball mill under hydrogen pressure (50 bar). Very mild milling conditions (250 rpm) were applied for a total milling time of 2 h, and a milling vial with a relatively small diameter (φ = 53 mm, V = ~0.06 dm3) was used. The effect of different temperatures on the synthesis kinetics and outcome were examined. The particle morphology, phase composition, reaction yield, and particle size were measured and analysed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The obtained results showed that increasing the temperature of the process significantly improved the reaction rate, which suggested the great potential of this technique for the mechanochemical synthesis of materials. 相似文献
5.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(93):39338-39363
In the last few decades, global warming, environmental pollution, and an energy shortage of fossil fuel may cause a severe economic crisis and health threats. Storage, conversion, and application of regenerable and dispersive energy would be a promising solution to release this crisis. The development of porous carbon materials from regenerated biomass are competent methods to store energy with high performance and limited environmental damages. In this regard, bio-carbon with abundant surface functional groups and an easily tunable three-dimensional porous structure may be a potential candidate as a sustainable and green carbon material. Up to now, although some literature has screened the biomass source, reaction temperature, and activator dosage during thermochemical synthesis, a comprehensive evaluation and a detailed discussion of the relationship between raw materials, preparation methods, and the structural and chemical properties of carbon materials are still lacking. Hence, in this review, we first assess the recent advancements in carbonization and activation process of biomass with different compositions and the activity performance in various energy storage applications including supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries, and hydrogen storage, highlighting the mechanisms and open questions in current energy society. After that, the connections between preparation methods and porous carbon properties including specific surface area, pore volume, and surface chemistry are reviewed in detail. Importantly, we discuss the relationship between the pore structure of prepared porous carbon with surface functional groups, and the energy storage performance in various energy storage fields for different biomass sources and thermal conversion methods. Finally, the conclusion and prospective are concluded to give an outlook for the development of biomass carbon materials, and energy storage applications technologies. This review demonstrates significant potentials for energy applications of biomass materials, and it is expected to inspire new discoveries to promote practical applications of biomass materials in more energy storage and conversion fields. 相似文献
6.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(94):39961-39972
Micro-cracks commonly occur on the catalyst layers (CLs) during the manufacturing of catalyst coated membranes (CCMs). However, the crack shape parameters effect on CLs in-plane (IP) electronic conductivity λs is not clear. In this work, the relationship between crack parameters and the λs is obtained based on the two-dimensional (2D) multiple-relaxation time (MRT) lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The LBM numerical model is validated by the normalized λs experiment applied on three different home-made cracked CLs, and the parameter study focus on crack width, length, quantity and phase angle are carried out. The results show that the decrease of λs has different sensitivity |k| to the parameters above. The crack width has little effect on λs decrease, and the |kw| is 0.038. However, crack arm length and quantity show more significant impact, which |kl| and |kN| are 0.753 and 0.725, respectively. The CLs with different crack propagation directions show significant anisotropy on λs, and a 53.53% decrease in λs is observed between 0° and 90° crack phase angle change. To manufacture a high electronic conductivity CL, crack initiation and migration mitigation are highly encouraged. 相似文献
7.
Ya Gu Quanmin Zhu Hassan Nouri 《International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing》2022,36(1):138-154
This article presents a state-space model with time-delay to map the relationship between known input-output data for discrete systems. For the given input-output data, a model identification algorithm combining parameter estimation and state estimation is proposed in line with the causality constraints. Consequently, this article proposes a least squares parameter estimation algorithm, and analyzes its convergence for the studied systems to prove that the parameter estimation errors converge to zero under the persistent excitation conditions. In control system design, the U-model based control is introduced to provide a unilateral platform to improve the design efficiency and generality. A simulation portfolio from modeling to control is provided with computational experiments to validate the derived results. 相似文献
8.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(10):6755-6766
Mg-based hydride is a promising hydrogen storage material, but its capacity is hindered by the kinetic properties. In this study, Mg–Mg2Ni–LaHx nanocomposite is formed from the H-induced decomposition of Mg98Ni1·67La0.33 alloy. The hydrogen capacity of 7.19 wt % is reached at 325 °C under 3 MPa H2, attributed to the ultrahigh hydrogenation capacity in Stage I. The hydrogen capacity of 5.59 wt % is achieved at 175 °C under 1 MPa H2. The apparent activation energies for hydrogen absorption and desorption are calculated as 57.99 and 107.26 kJ/mol, which are owing to the modified microstructure with LaHx and Mg2Ni nanophases embedding in eutectic, and tubular nanostructure adjacent to eutectic. The LaH2.49 nanophase can catalyze H2 molecules to dissociate and H atoms to permeate due to its stronger affinity with H atoms. The interfaces of these nanophases provide preferential nucleation sites and alleviate the “blocking effect” together with tubular nanostructure by providing H atoms diffusion paths after the impingement of MgH2 colonies. Therefore, the superior hydrogenation properties are achieved because of the rapid absorption process of Stage I. The efficient synthesis of nano-catalysts and corresponding mechanisms for improving hydrogen storage properties have important reference to related researches. 相似文献
9.
以智能反射面(intelligent reflecting surface,IRS)辅助的无线携能通信(simultaneous wireless information and power transfer,SWIPT)系统为背景,研究了该系统中基于能效优先的多天线发送端有源波束成形与IRS无源波束成形联合设计与优化方法。以最大化接收端的最小能效为优化目标,构造在发送端功率、接收端能量阈值、IRS相移等多约束下的非线性优化问题,用交替方向乘子法(alternating direction method of multipliers,ADMM)求解。采用Dinkelbach算法转化目标函数,通过奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)和半定松弛(semi-definite relaxation,SDR)得到发送端有源波束成形向量。采用SDR得到IRS相移矩阵与反射波束成形向量。结果表明,该系统显著降低了系统能量收集(energy harvesting,EH)接收端的能量阈值。当系统总电路功耗为?15 dBm时,所提方案的用户能效为300 KB/J。当IRS反射阵源数与发送天线数均为最大值时,系统可达最大能效。 相似文献
10.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(5):3022-3032
In the present work, the bonding length, electronic structure, stability, and dehydrogenation properties of the Perovskite-type ZrNiH3 hydride, under different uniaxial/biaxial strains are investigated through ab-initio calculations based on the plane-wave pseudo-potential (PW-PP) approach. The findings reveal that the uniaxial/biaxial compressive and tensile strains are responsible for the structural deformation of the ZrNiH3 crystal structure, and its lattice deformation becomes more significant with decreasing or increasing the strain magnitude. Due to the strain energy contribution, the uniaxial/biaxial strain not only lowers the stability of ZrNiH3 but also decreases considerably the dehydrogenation enthalpy and decomposition temperature. Precisely, the formation enthalpy and decomposition temperature are reduced from ?67.73 kJ/mol.H2 and 521 K for non-strained ZrNiH3 up to ?33.73 kJ/mol.H2 and 259.5 K under maximal biaxial compression strain of ε = ?6%, and to ?50.99 kJ/mol.H2 and 392.23 K for the maximal biaxial tensile strain of ε = +6%. The same phenomenon has been also observed for the uniaxial strain, where the formation enthalpy and decomposition temperature are both decreased to ?39.36 kJ/mol.H2 and 302.78 K for a maximal uniaxial compressive strain of ε = - 12%, and to ?51.86 kJ/mol.H2 and 399 K under the maximal uniaxial tensile strain of ε = +12%. Moreover, the densities of states analysis suggests that the strain-induced variation in the dehydrogenation and structural properties of ZrNiH3 are strongly related to the Fermi level value of total densities of states. These ab-initio calculations demonstrate insightful novel approach into the development of Zr-based intermetallic hydrides for hydrogen storage practical applications. 相似文献