乳液涂料成膜过程中成膜助剂的挥发

成膜助剂的水溶性、相对挥发速度影响其在涂膜干燥过程中的挥发。热失质量和激光粒度分析发现，成膜助剂挥发过程分两个阶段。在第一阶段，成膜助剂一方面挥发，另一方面因浓度提高而向聚合物粒子内部渗透，油溶性成膜助剂挥发速度比较快；在第二阶段，成膜助剂的挥发受到成膜助剂分子由聚合物内部向外扩散的控制，油溶性成膜助剂挥发速度比较慢。由于成膜助剂水溶性的这种差异，导致油溶性成膜助剂容易出现缩边现象。这对于成膜助剂的选用和减量增效，以及提高成膜性能具有重要意义。     

水性丙烯酸涂料成膜过程中的水分挥发研究

为了研究水性涂料成膜过程中水分挥发变化情况,以水性丙烯酸涂料为研究对象,用失质量法表征了不同干燥条件下涂层的水分挥发过程,采用 Arrhenius公式计算涂层水分快速挥发阶段的活化能,借助涂料成膜的模型和公式预测水挥发与成膜的关系;测试了水性涂料在水分挥发成膜过程中的黏度变化。结果表明：水性丙烯酸涂料成膜包括 3个水分挥发阶段：水分快速挥发阶段、水分缓慢挥发阶段和达到水分挥发平衡的长期缓慢挥发阶段,其中水分快速挥发阶段的水分挥发活化能 Ea为 5. 15 kJ/mol。     

水性涂料中成膜助剂的应用与发展方向

从乳胶漆的成膜过程出发,揭示了成膜助剂的作用机理,研究了成膜助剂的分类及其在不同阶段的挥发过程,并介绍了成膜助剂的特性及选择方法,最后对成膜助剂的发展方向进行了展望。     

成膜助剂的特性对聚合物乳液稳定性及成膜的影响

研究了几种成膜助剂的特性对于丙烯酸类和苯丙乳液稳定性及成膜的影响。结果发现,成膜助剂的相容性、水溶性和表面张力对乳液破乳具有影响,而表面张力影响最大。相容性好、表面张力与乳液匹配的成膜助剂有利于乳液成膜。研究结果对于提高成膜质量和降低成膜助剂的用量具有现实意义。     

水性涂料的成膜助剂

汇集了水性木器涂料常用的一些成膜助剂以及与成膜有关的性能数据,讨论了成膜助剂与最低成膜温度、成膜效率、涂膜硬度和VOC的关系。同时讨论了从成膜助剂着眼制备“零”VOC水性木器涂料的重要性和可能性。     

植物油基成膜助剂的研究进展

概述了国内外成膜助剂作用和发展历程,介绍了植物油基成膜助剂的发展概况、种类及其研究进展,展望了其未来的发展趋势。     

蓖麻油基成膜助剂的合成与成膜性能研究

设计并合成了新型环境友好型蓖麻油基成膜助剂——蓖麻油酸乙二醇单酯(HF-100),通过正交实验对其合成工艺进行优化研究,筛选出最佳工艺条件;通过衰减全反射红外分析(ATR-IR)对其结构进行鉴定,确定目标产物;按照相关标准对产品进行测试,得到物理性能技术指标;通过产品与3种乳液复配后的最低成膜温度测试,并与现有市场上常用的成膜助剂十二碳醇酯(RTC-12)进行比较,评价其成膜性能。     

成膜助剂在乳胶漆中作用分析

乳胶漆是绿色环保涂料,但它成膜性较差。为了提高其成膜性能,必须加入成膜助剂。成膜助剂在乳胶漆中起着重要作用,它能降低乳胶漆的成膜温度,改善乳胶漆的成膜性能。本论文对乳胶漆的成膜机理、成膜剂的选择以及成膜剂的作用及其影响因素作了分析。     

成膜条件对乳胶漆耐洗刷性能的研究

成膜条件是影响乳胶漆成膜过程和涂膜性能的重要因素。成膜助剂可以改善乳胶漆的成膜过程，提高乳胶漆的涂膜性能。本文研究了成膜助剂，成膜温度和成膜时间对乳胶漆耐洗刷性能的影响。发现使用成膜助剂可以显著改善乳胶漆的耐洗刷性能，提高干燥温度和延长干燥时间可提高乳胶漆的耐洗刷性能。     

全环保成膜助剂将不再依赖进口

长期制约我国高档建筑涂料发展的环保型成膜助剂研发终于取得突破。北京斯伯乐科学技术研究院与北京瑞佰德公司共同研发的国内首个全环保型成膜助剂BL-588产品，经用户使用表明：与普通成膜助剂相比，用于高档建筑涂料的BL-588用量可减少30％～50％，综合成膜效率提高1．5—2倍，生产成本显著下降。缩小了我国与国外在助剂开发匕的差距。     

聚氨酯涂料多重成膜机制的思考与实践

结合实践详细介绍了聚氨酯涂料中的多重成膜机制,包括溶剂挥发成膜与PU交联的叠加、多重交联机制的叠加、PU交联与网络包裹、游离TDI在PU涂料固化过程中的附加交联作用等,这对于促进涂料的完美固化与涂膜性能的提高具有重要意义。     

The synthesis,characterization and DFT calculations of highly volatile aminogermylene precursors and thin film investigation for CVD/ALD technology

Compared to the difficult volatilization for germanium (IV) precursors, germanium (II) precursors usually have better volatilization but difficult to synthesize. A series of diamine germanium (II) precursors were synthesized, characterized and investigated by DFT calculations. These germanium (II) precursors were tested by TG experiments and showed excellent volatilization, which were suitable as a potential membrane material. Moreover, the Ge film was deposited on Si wafer directly and characterized by SEM.     

浅谈水性聚氨酯汽车内饰涂料

简要介绍了生产汽车内饰件所用塑料的应用概况及汽车内饰涂料的特性要求,分析了水性双组分聚氨酯涂料的特性、环保优势和成膜原理,讨论了水性双组分聚氨酯汽车内饰涂料软触感的形成机制。     

氟树脂乳液最低成膜温度控制方法的研究

对以三氟氯乙烯为主要含氟单体的氟树脂乳液最低成膜温度的控制方法进行了研究。结果表明通过调节软硬单体的比例可以较好地控制氟树脂乳液的最低成膜温度,随着软单体比例的增加,乳液的最低成膜温度降低;通过成膜助剂调节氟树脂乳液的最低成膜温度较为简单有效,在TEXANOL、PPH、EB三种成膜助剂中,TEXANOL的效果最佳。乳液共混是调控最低成膜温度的另一重要手段,通过控制共混乳液的比例可以得到一系列不同最低成膜温度的乳液。     

苯丙乳液的最低成膜温度及其影响因素分析

简单介绍聚合物乳液的最低成膜温度及其测定方法,详细讨论了聚合物乳液组成、聚合物极性、单体亲水性、聚合物乳胶粒子性能、乳化剂、增塑剂及成膜助剂等因素对聚合物乳液最低成膜温度的影响。     

聚酯热收缩薄膜

本文分析了国内外热收缩膜用聚酯的发展状况 ,指出聚酯热收缩薄膜是目前广泛使用的PVC薄膜的理想替代品。简述了热收缩原理 ,指出热收缩膜用聚酯的发展应从制备改性聚酯和改善成膜工艺两方面着手 ,对热收缩膜用聚酯的市场需求 ,发展方向进行了研究     

On the role of colloidal crystal-like domains in the film forming process of a carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex copolymer

Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) was employed to study the mechanism of film formation of a carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex copolymer with a glass transition temperature (T_g) of 6 °C. ESEM allows the investigation of wet samples in their native state which is required to study the drying process of latex dispersions. The film forming process was tracked by time-dependent ESEM monitoring of the latex particle morphology and by observing the different stages occurring during the drying process. The focus of our study was an analysis of the three-dimensional (3D) arrangement of the latex particles and a comparison of their appearance on the surface and in the center of the coalesced film. It was found that in the course of film formation, the latex particles arrange in domains which are similar to colloidal crystals. Such domains occur at the stage of dense particle packing. Particle coalescence appears to begin first in these domains before a continuous and homogeneous film is formed which then spreads across the entire substrate. The results suggest that for our carboxylated styrene-butadiene copolymer the current model known for the film forming mechanism which includes four main steps should be complemented by two additional ones, namely the arrangement of particles in crystal-like domains and the beginning of coalescence within these domains. This specific behavior only occurs for monodisperse latices.     

完全降解水溶性薄膜的制备

本文在选择好适宜的成膜料的基础上,以淀粉为主体材料,添加适当的增塑剂、防黏剂、表面活性剂、快干剂、水等,通过流延法成型而制备了可完全降解型水溶性薄膜。     

Role of particle size on latex deformation during film formation

The ability of latex particles to deform and coalesce to form an integral film upon drying is an important property in many latex coating applications. Many theories have been proposed to account for the origin of the deformation forces. The capillary forces which depend inversely on particle size have been accepted as important for latex deformation and film formation. The minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) has been found to be a function of the particle size of latexes and has been used as evidence that the capillary forces are responsible for film formation. In this study, the deforming force at MFFT has been determined from the moduli of water-equilibrated latex polymers. No particle size dependence was observed. The magnitude of the deforming forces was at least an order of magnitude lower than that predicted by the capillary force theory. Electron microscopy of film formed below the MFFT, a condition that corresponds to early stage film formation, showed significant deformation, indicating that at the beginning of film formation, forces of magnitude predicted by the capillary force theory are present. However, the magnitude of the forces decreases rapidly as film formation progresses. The MFFT particle size dependency can be explained by the difference in the degree of water plasticization. Evidence that latexes of different particle size were plasticized by water to different extents was determined from the T_gs of the latex emulsions. Presented at the 76th Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coalings Technology, on October 15, 1998, in New Orleans, LA. Emusion Polymers Research 1604 Building, Midland, MI 48674.