锦纶织物复合化学镀(Ni-P)-Si3N4纳米微粒复合镀层

采用纳米复合化学镀技术,分别于酸性和碱性镀液中在锦纶织物表面沉积了(Ni-P)-Si3N4复合镀层,对镀层表面形貌、结构和织物热性能进行了表征,并测试了化学镀织物的电磁波屏蔽和耐磨性能.研究结果表明,Si3N4纳米微粒的引入使酸性复合化学镀(Ni-P)-Si3N4镀层无定形态有所增强,碱性复合化学镀(Ni-P)-Si3...     

Ni/GFF/EP导电复合电磁屏蔽材料的制备及性能

采用化学镀法在玻璃纤维织物(GFF)上制备出镀镍玻璃纤维织物(Ni/GFF),将Ni/GFF作为导电填料与环氧树脂(EP)复合,制备了镀镍玻璃纤维织物/环氧树脂复合材料(Ni/GFF/EP)。对还原剂浓度、主盐液浓度、氨水浓度、化学镀反应时间等工艺参数对Ni/GFF导电性的影响进行研究,优化了化学镀工艺。研究了GFF镀镍改性对复合材料力学性能的影响以及Ni/GFF复合环氧树脂前后的屏蔽效能。结果表明,Ni/GFF/EP复合材料的体积电阻率为5.06×10~(-3)Ω·cm,弯曲强度为230 MPa,冲击强度为11.56 kJ·m~(-2),屏蔽效能为67 dB~77 dB。     

高分子钯胶的制备及其在化学镀织物中的应用

传统的织物化学镀工艺中，在织物表面形成贵金属钯催化剂需要敏化和活化两道工序，工艺复杂，质量不易控制，消耗大量的氯化亚锡和酸.本文研究探索用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）-Pd溶胶活化一步法工艺取代传统化学镀敏化、活化两步法工艺，用紫外光谱法研究了PVP -Pd溶胶的制备条件，用 TEM观察了PVP-Pd溶胶的分散性，用SEM观察了施镀前后织物表面的形态.实验结果表明，PVP-Pd溶胶分散性良好，可成功应用于织物化学镀，优化了工艺，降低了成本，制得镍镀织物具有优良的导电和电磁屏蔽性能.     

一种用于织物化学镀的无钯活化工艺

为了研究和开发性能更加优良、工艺更加经济环保的电磁防护化学镀织物,以涤棉混纺织物为试验原料,研究了织物化学镀的前处理工艺,提出了一种新的无钯前处理方法,即通过柠檬酸对镍盐的络合作用,再利用硼氢化钾的还原性将织物上络合的镍盐还原,使织物表面具有一层活化中心。与传统有钯活化工艺进行对比分析,结果表明:无钯前处理方法能够引发后期织物表面的化学镀镍反应,且织物在化学镀过程中具有较高的活性,反应速率快;通过扫描电镜及防电磁辐射测试仪等测试表征,发现织物表面形成了一层致密的金属薄膜镀层;织物的电磁屏蔽效能平均值达到了52.89 d B。     

织物纤维表面化学镀的前处理进展

综述了织物纤维表面化学镀的前处理进展,重点对除油、粗化以及活化过程作了概括总结,并对新型活化工艺进行了介绍归纳,包括非贵金属活化法、超声活化法、光化学活化法以及自组装薄膜活化法等。简要分析了除油、粗化和活化的各种工艺方法及其原理,并给出采用不同工艺方法施镀成功的代表性案例。鉴于传统的活化工艺对贵金属的消耗量较大,成本较高,为了节约贵金属资源,文中专门对非贵金属活化新工艺作了较详细介绍。最后展望了织物纤维表面化学镀前处理工艺的发展前景。对织物纤维表面化学镀研究工作具有一定参考价值。     

用于柔性角反射器金属织物的制备和性能

根据柔性角反射器的高电磁反射率需求,在普通涤纶织物上实施化学镀铜镍,制备了化学镀铜镍织物,测试了该化学镀铜镍织物的撕裂强度、断裂强度和在不同频率下的反射率,对比研究了不同织物在X和Ka波段上的反射率。结果表明,该化学镀铜镍织物在X和Ka波段的反射率均接近于0 dB,几乎能达到标准金属板的效果,并具有质轻、撕裂强度和断裂强度高的优点,能够满足柔性角反射器的日常使用要求。以该化学镀铜镍织物制作了一种可折叠的柔性角反射器,该柔性角反射器在X和Ka波段的雷达散射截面积(RCS)可达20 dBsm以上,与刚性角反射器相近。     

涤纶基铜层表面化学镀镍–磷合金工艺

以涤纶织物为基材,对其化学镀铜后再化学镀镍–磷合金镀层。探讨了化学镀Ni–P合金工艺各因素对镀金属织物导电性和增重率的影响,通过正交试验优化了化学镀Ni–P合金工艺,并对镀Cu/Ni–P合金织物的结合牢度、耐蚀性和电磁屏蔽效能进行了表征。结果表明,涤纶基铜层表面化学镀Ni–P合金镀层的最优配方和工艺为:NiS O4·6H2O 26 g/L,Na H2PO2·H2O 24 g/L,Na3C6H5O730 g/L,Na2B4O7·10H2O 6 g/L,温度80°C,p H 11,时间25 min。最优工艺下制备的镀铜/镍–磷织物的结合强度高,耐腐蚀性和电磁屏蔽性能良好。     

涤纶织物上化学镀银的晶体结构与性能

利用化学镀,在涤纶织物上制备了金属银薄膜.化学镀银液配方及工艺条件为:硝酸银3.0g/L,氢氧化钠2.0g/L,葡萄糖2.0 g/L,氨水适量,温度25℃,pH=11.采用扫描电镜和X射线衍射研究了薄膜的表面形貌和晶体结构,采用紫外分光光度计和静电伏特计分析了镀银涤纶的抗紫外及抗静电特性.结果表明,化学镀银后涤纶织物的抗紫外和抗静电性能有了很大提高.     

涤纶织物上激光诱导沉积银粒子活化种用于化学镀铜的研究

用激光辐射预先经聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)–AgNO_3胶体溶液处理的涤纶织物,在涤纶织物表面制备出银纳米粒子,再以银纳米粒子为活化点成功地催化织物进行化学镀铜。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对涤纶织物表面上银粒子的形态、结构和粒径分布进行了表征,探讨了PVP在激光诱导银粒子沉积过程中的保护作用。激光辐射能有效地将涤纶织物表面的Ag~+还原成金属Ag纳米粒子。在激光辐射过程中,PVP能保护银粒子并起到辅助还原作用。适宜的PVP与AgNO_3的质量比为2∶1。在银粒子的催化作用下,涤纶织物表面能够顺利进行化学镀铜而得到均匀分布的铜沉积层。     

化学镀在电磁屏蔽织物制备中的应用

介绍了电磁屏蔽材料的屏蔽原理、化学镀的原理及其在电磁屏蔽织物中的应用;重点慨述了镀银、镀铜、镀镍以及镀铜/镍、镀镍/铜/镍、镀铜/镍/银等主要化学镀电磁屏蔽织物及制备方法;提出开发具有环保的化学镀方法、多层镀及复合镀织物将是化学镀电磁屏蔽织物的发展方向.     

Influence of nickel ions for electroless Ni–P plating on polyester fabric

Properties of electroless Ni–P plated polyester fabric mainly depend on the plating bath constituents/conditions. The effects of NiSO₄ concentration of the plating bath on the deposition rate, phosphorus content, surface morphology, and crystal structure of the electroless Ni–P plated polyester fabric were investigated. The study revealed that phosphorus content in the deposits decreased at higher NiSO₄ concentration. SEM micrographs showed that nodule size of the Ni–P deposits increased. All the Ni–P deposits had an amorphous structure. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of electroless Ni–P plated polyester fabric was evaluated. With the rise of nickel ion in the solution, the EMI SE of the Ni–P plated polyester fabric increased.     

Electroless nickel deposition of a palladium‐activated self‐assembled monolayer on polyester fabric

In this study, an alternative Pd activation process was developed for electroless Ni plating on polyester fabric modified with a self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) of 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS). The presence of a highly oriented amino‐terminated SAM and the formation of Pd‐activated APTMS were demonstrated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. After activation, electroless Ni plating was successfully initiated, and the Ni coating was deposited onto the surface of the polyester fibers. The resulting Ni coating was examined by scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) and adhesive strength of the Ni‐plated polyester fabric were evaluated. On the basis of the experimental results, the Ni coating produced with a Pd‐activated SAM was uniform and dense. As the Ni weight on the treated fabric was 32 g/m², the EMI SE of the Ni‐plated polyester fabric modified with APTMS obtained was more than 30 dB at frequencies that ranged from 2 to 18 GHz. Compared with the conventional two‐step activation method, Ni coating on the Pd‐activated polyester fabric modified with APTMS improved the coating adherence stability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Electromagnetic shielding and corrosion resistance of electroless Ni‐P and Ni‐P‐Cu coatings on polymer/carbon fiber composites

In order to study electrical properties, especially the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding property of ternary Ni‐P‐Cu plated polyether ether ketone/carbon fiber composites (CFs/PEEK) and their dependence on Cu content of the coating, electroless Ni‐P coating was first deposited on CFs/PEEK to obtain the optimum conditions for deposition rate, then a small quantity of CuSO₄•5H₂O (0.1∼0.4 g/L) was added in the electroless nickel‐based alloy plating (ENP) bath to investigate the influence of Cu content on the deposition rate and coating characterizations. The EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) was evaluated and corrosion resistance was characterized by electrochemical polarization measurement. It was found that coating phase change from amorphous to a mixture of amorphous and microcrystalline phases with the increase of Cu²⁺ concentration. Due to the neat morphology and uniform amorphous structure, the optimum coating Ni‐P‐2.2 wt% Cu obtained at the 0.2 g/L Cu²⁺ in the bath owns the best corrosion resistance, EMI SE and the lowest surface resistance. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:923–930, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

丁二酸钠对化学镀Ni-P合金镀层的影响

采用化学镀方法在Q235钢表面施镀Ni-P合金镀层,研究丁二酸钠对Ni-P合金镀层沉积速率、组织和P含量的影响,探究镀液中丁二酸钠的最佳浓度。结果发现,当Ni-P合金镀液中丁二酸钠质量浓度达到18 g/L时,镀层连续致密,表面平整,胞状组织尺寸较小,镀层的质量最好;随着丁二酸钠用量的增加,沉积速率呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当丁二酸钠质量浓度达到18 g/L时,沉积速率达到最大值12.785μm/h;镀层中P的质量分数为10.87%。     

Electroless silver plating on the PET fabrics modified with 3‐mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane

The feasibility of adherent silver layers onto PET fabrics by electroless plating was explored and its optimal technology for modification and electroless plating was investigated. Morphology, structure, and thermal stability of silver plating PET fabrics were characterized by scanning electric microscope (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravitric (TG) analysis. As the silver weight on the modified fabric is 25 g/m², the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) of silver plating PET fabric is more than 30dB at the frequency ranging from 1MHz to 5000 MHz. The results show that the silver plating PET fabric has good electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding property. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

2-巯基苯并噻唑对化学镀铜的影响

以甲醛为还原剂,研究了2-巯基苯并噻唑(2-MBT)对ABS塑料化学镀铜沉积速率、铜镀层表面形貌、纯度、平整度及晶型的影响.化学镀铜的工艺条件为:CuSO4·5H2O 10g/L,EDTA-2Na30g/L,HCHO3mL/L,PEG-10002mg/L,2-MBT0～2mg/L,温度70℃或40℃,pH 12.5,时...     

不同组合配位剂对化学镀镍−钨−磷合金的影响

以柠檬酸钠为主要配位剂,乳酸、甘氨酸、硫酸铵分别为辅助配位剂,在硬铝上二次浸锌后化学镀Ni-W-P合金。基础镀液和工艺条件为:NiSO₄·6H₂O 20 g/L,Na₂WO₄·2H₂O 20 g/L,NaH₂PO₂·H₂O 30 g/L,CH₃COONa·3H₂O 20 g/L,硫脲2 mg/L,pH 8.0,温度85℃,时间1 h。研究了不同配位剂组合对化学镀Ni-W-P合金沉积速率及镀层显微硬度和孔隙率的影响。结果表明,使用30 g/L柠檬酸钠+10 mL/L乳酸时,所得镀层的孔隙率最低,为0.63个/cm²;使用30 g/L柠檬酸钠+10 g/L甘氨酸时,镀层的显微硬度较单一使用柠檬酸钠时有所提高;使用30 g/L柠檬酸钠+25 g/L硫酸铵时,沉积速率最高,为14.69 mg/(cm²·h),镀层的显微硬度高达786.9 HV。     

化学镀非晶态镍-磷合金的研究

以沉积速度和镀层中磷含量为评价指标,通过实验分别考察了硫酸镍质量浓度、硫酸镍与次磷酸钠的摩尔比、pH、温度及EDTA-2Na对化学镀镍-磷合金的影响。实验结果表明,当硫酸镍质量浓度为20～30g/L、n(硫酸镍)∶n(次磷酸钠)为0.25～0.40、络合剂总质量浓度为35g/L(其中EDTA-2Na为2.5～10.0 g/L),θ为86～90℃、pH为4.6～5.0时,沉积速度为11.87～14.00μm/h,镀层中w(磷)为10.2%～12.0%;镀层X-射线衍射图谱显示出非晶态结构所具有的典型"馒头峰"。     

FeSO4对化学镀Ni-P工艺的影响

为了进一步改善化学镀Ni-P镀层的显微硬度和耐蚀性,将FeSO4加入到化学镀Ni-P镀液中.通过金相显微镜测试了FeSO4对Ni-P镀层表面形貌的影响;采用显微硬度计测试了镀层的显微硬度;采用电化学技术测试了FeSO4对镀层耐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:当镀液中FeSO4的质量浓度小于1.0 g/L时,镀层的沉积速率虽然降...