基于改进DPSO的网格资源调度算法

基于市场经济模型的网格资源调度问题是一个典型的离散问题及NP-Hard问题,考虑到离散粒子群优化算法在解决离散问题上的有效性,本文在现有算法的研究基础上,提出一种基于改进的离散粒子群优化算法的网格资源分配和任务调度算法,并采用GridSim模拟器对相关算法进行仿真模拟实验和比较。实验结果表明,本文提出的调度算法在作业完成时间、综合性能以及资源的负载平衡方面均具有较大的优势。     

混沌粒子优化算法在网格任务调度的应用

研究网格计算中任务调度优化问题,由于网格环境具有动态性、异构性等特点,导致传统网格任务调度算法的调度效率,网格负载严重不平衡.结合粒子群的快速性和混沌的遍历性优点,提出了一种基于混沌粒子群优化算法(CPSO)的网格任务调度优化方法.首先建立网格任务调度问题的数学模型,然后采用CPSO对其进行求解,通过混沌变量产生优化粒子群,加快网格任务调度求解速度.仿真结果表明,CPSO提高了资源调度效率,网格负载更加均衡,具有较好的应用价值.     

基于GAPSO混合算法的网格工作流调度研究

网格工作流调度关注大规模的资源和任务调度,是一个复杂且具有挑战性的问题,它影响着网格工作流执行成功与否以及效率的高低。提出了基于遗传粒子群(GAPSO)的混合算法,引用了特殊的适应度函数,设定了动态的交叉和变异概率,并提出了动态切换算法的方法。结合各自算法的优势,在算法运行初期利用遗传算法的全局搜索能力进行优化搜索,在后期利用粒子群较强的局部搜索能力加快收敛速度。仿真结果表明该算法在执行时间方面有一定的优越性,能更有效地解决网格工作流调度问题。     

一种混合粒子群与蚁群算法在多处理机调度中的应用研究

提出了一种基于蚁群优化和粒子群优化的混合算法以解决多处理机调度问题。这种混合算法利用蚁群算法和粒子群优化算法的特性,可以显著提高计算效率,具有较大的实用价值。     

基于混合粒子群算法的网格任务调度

减少分布式程序的执行时间是网格调度系统需要解决的重要问题。因分布式程序常建模为DAG图,故该问题又称异构DAG调度问题。在研究网格环境下的任务调度的基础上,提出了一种用于解决DAG任务调度问题的通用混合粒子群优化算法(Common Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization),简称为CHPSO。该算法将问题的解(粒子)表示为任务的调度优先权向量,采用混合粒子群优化算法探索解空间。实验结果表明,在求解不含孤立点的单个DAG调度问题时,该算法所得解的调度长度仅为HEFT的90%～92%,求解质量与PSGA相当;在多张DAG图(含孤立节点)并发执行的网格环境中,该算法的调度性能明显优于PSGA及文中列出的其它演化计算方法。     

膜计算改进粒子群优化算法的云资源调度

云计算环境下的资源合理调度是当前的研究热点,针对粒子群优化算法的不足,引入膜计算理论,提出一种基于膜计算改进粒子群优化算法的云资源调度算法（PSO-MC）。对云资源调度问题进行分析,建立云资源调度的目标函数,受到膜计算的启发,将粒子放入膜中,主膜内粒子进行精细化局部寻优,辅助膜内的粒子进行全局搜索,通过膜区域之间信息传递搜索结果,找到云资源调度问题的最优解,在CloudSim平台对算法进行仿真实验。结果表明,PSO-MC算法减少了任务的平均完成时间,提高了任务处理的效率,使云计算资源调度更加合理。     

基于混沌粒子群算法的多目标多执行模式项目调度问题研究

在工程项目调度中保持工期、成本、质量以及资源的均衡控制是构成项目建设总目标的关键因素,关系到整个工程的成败。同时,鉴于基本粒子群算法容易陷入局部最优,提出一种将混沌算法嵌入基本粒子群的新算法,并将其用于求解多目标项目调度问题,通过建立工期、费用、资源和质量多目标综合优化模型,再运用基于优先规则的混沌粒子群算法解决该模型问题。最终通过实例计算表明:相对于基本的粒子群算法,混沌粒子群算法可以更为准确快速地解决该模型下的项目多目标多执行模式优化调度问题。     

一种面向网络边缘任务调度问题的多方向粒子群优化算法

任务调度是云计算及网格计算环境中的重要问题,已有的调度算法往往仅致力于最小化任务的总执行时间而不设置其他约束条件,以致难以实现多种性能指标的同时优化。所提出的面向网络边缘任务调度问题的多方向粒子群优化算法,用于解决并发任务在网络边缘服务节点中的分布式调度问题,调度的目标是在任务执行的资源开销不超过阈值的情况下,最小化任务完成的总时间。该方法与现有的离散粒子群优化算法相比同时降低了任务的总完成时间及资源开销,且在合理预设资源开销上限的情况下,其计算复杂度实现了较大程度优化。仿真表明,所提出的方法比现有的离散粒子群优化算法的任务总完成时间缩短约10.52%~13.23%,资源开销减少约10.32%~13.29%。同时,在合理降低资源开销阈值的情况下,该方法的程序运行时间比现有的粒子群调度方法明显缩短。     

基于DEPSO 的模糊时间ZW多产品厂间歇调度

研究以最小化完工时间为目标的模糊加工时间零等待多产品厂间歇调度问题, 提出一种基于差分进化粒子群优化(DEPSO) 的间歇调度算法. 以基本粒子群算法为整体进化框架, 采用基于反向学习的方法初始化种群, 引入群体极值保持代数作为阈值, 利用基于排序的差分进化算法优化粒子个体极值位置, 改变粒子的搜索范围, 防止粒子陷入局部极值. 仿真实验验证了所提算法在解决模糊加工时间零等待多产品厂间歇调度问题上的有效性和优越性.

     

基于PSODE的网格任务调度算法

针对网格计算中任务在各个资源之间的调度问题,提出了一种网格环境下PSODE的任务调度算法.该算法实现了计算资源、存储资源、带宽资源、数据资源的利用率最高化和代价最低化.对基本粒子群算法和差分进化算法进行了分析,通过构造算法函数、适应值函数和权重公式,建立了粒子群差分混合算法并对其进行优化,介绍了算法的实现过程.实验结果表明,该算法与其它调度算法比较,具有良好的性能.     

A Constructive Genetic Algorithm for permutation flowshop scheduling

The general flowshop scheduling problem is a production problem where a set of n jobs have to be processed with identical flow pattern on m machines. In permutation flowshops the sequence of jobs is the same on all machines. A significant research effort has been devoted for sequencing jobs in a flowshop minimizing the makespan. This paper describes the application of a Constructive Genetic Algorithm (CGA) to makespan minimization on flowshop scheduling. The CGA was proposed recently as an alternative to traditional GA approaches, particularly, for evaluating schemata directly. The population initially formed only by schemata, evolves controlled by recombination to a population of well-adapted structures (schemata instantiation). The CGA implemented is based on the NEH classic heuristic and a local search heuristic used to define the fitness functions. The parameters of the CGA are calibrated using a Design of Experiments (DOE) approach. The computational results are compared against some other successful algorithms from the literature on Taillard’s well-known standard benchmark. The computational experience shows that this innovative CGA approach provides competitive results for flowshop scheduling problems.     

Multi-Criteria Job Scheduling in Grid Using an Accelerated Genetic Algorithm

The continuous growth of computation power requirement has provoked computational Grids, in order to resolve large scale problems. Job scheduling is a very important mechanism and a better scheduling scheme can greatly improve the efficiency of Grid computing. A lot of algorithms have been proposed to address the job scheduling problem. Unfortunately, most of them largely ignore the security risks involved in executing jobs in such an unreliable environment as Grid. This is known as security problem and it is a main hurdle to make the job scheduling secure, reliable and fault-tolerant. In this paper, we present a Genetic Algorithm with multi-criteria approach, in terms of job completion time and security risks. Although Genetic Algorithms are suitable for large search space problems such as job scheduling, they are too slow to be executed online. Hence, we changed the implementation of a traditional genetic algorithm, proposing the Accelerated Genetic Algorithm. We also present the Accelerated Genetic Algorithm with Overhead which concerns the extra overhead caused by the application of Accelerated Genetic Algorithm. Accelerated Genetic Algorithm and Accelerated Genetic Algorithm with Overhead are compared with three well-known heuristic algorithms. Simulation results indicate a substantial performance advantage of both Accelerated Genetic Algorithm and Accelerated Genetic Algorithm with Overhead.     

利用作业可塑性改进结合回填FCFS策略的性能

结合回填的FCFS策略是超级计算机上使用最为普遍的调度策略,针对该策略在响应时间和系统利用率等方面的不足,提出了改进其性能的DGA方法。该方法利用并行作业的可塑性,通过调度时对作业平均响应时间的预测来选择适合的作业请求规模,并利用遗传算法来解决最优作业资源请求的搜索问题。模拟器上实际作业流的模拟结果表明：该方法可以显著地改进结合回填的FCFS策略的调度效果,也优于已有的可塑性作业调度策略。     

Multicriteria,multi-user scheduling in grids with advance reservation

In this paper, we propose a new method for multi-user, multicriteria job scheduling in Grid environments with QoS guarantees concerning time and cost. The main goal of our method is to find a fair schedule of jobs that were submitted by multiple users. To obtain a schedule which is satisfactory for each user we aim at finding a set of advance reservations (ARs) for multiple users at once. This goal is achieved by adequate use of the Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA) operator and Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) with carefully designed problem representation and operators. We also propose a data structure and algorithm used to manage and search for resource availability time slots. Efficiency and usefulness of our approach was demonstrated by computational experiments conducted within a simulation environment.     

Double auction-inspired meta-scheduling of parallel applications on global grids

Meta-schedulers map jobs to computational resources that are part of a Grid, such as clusters, that in turn have their own local job schedulers. Existing Grid meta-schedulers either target system-centric metrics, such as utilisation and throughput, or prioritise jobs based on utility metrics provided by the users. The system-centric approach gives less importance to users’ individual utility, while the user-centric approach may have adverse effects such as poor system performance and unfair treatment of users. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel meta-scheduler, based on the well-known double auction mechanism that aims to satisfy users’ service requirements as well as ensuring balanced utilisation of resources across a Grid. We have designed valuation metrics that commodify both the complex resource requirements of users and the capabilities of available computational resources. Through simulation using real traces, we compare our scheduling mechanism with other common mechanisms widely used by both existing market-based and traditional meta-schedulers. The results show that our meta-scheduling mechanism not only satisfies up to 15% more user requirements than others, but also improves system utilisation through load balancing.     

Scheduling of computational processes in real-time distributed systems with uncertain task execution times

An approach to scheduling computational processes in real-time distributed computing systems is considered. It is assumed that the task execution time is inexactly; more precisely, it is assumed to belog to a certain time interval. The problem is formulated as the scheduling of jobs of which each is characterized by its priority and consists of a set of tasks (with respect to the number of processors) executing on different processors and associated by a hierarchical precedence relationship. The proposed approach is based on algorithms with low computational complexity for suboptimal scheduling of equal-priority tasks.     

A simulated annealing algorithm approach to hybrid flow shop scheduling with sequence-dependent setup times

One of the scheduling problems with various applications in industries is hybrid flow shop. In hybrid flow shop, a series of n jobs are processed at a series of g workshops with several parallel machines in each workshop. To simplify the model construction in most research on hybrid flow shop scheduling problems, the setup times of operations have been ignored, combined with their corresponding processing times, or considered non sequence-dependent. However, in most real industries such as chemical, textile, metallurgical, printed circuit board, and automobile manufacturing, hybrid flow shop problems have sequence-dependent setup times (SDST). In this research, the problem of SDST hybrid flow shop scheduling with parallel identical machines to minimize the makespan is studied. A novel simulated annealing (NSA) algorithm is developed to produce a reasonable manufacturing schedule within an acceptable computational time. In this study, the proposed NSA uses a well combination of two moving operators for generating new solutions. The obtained results are compared with those computed by Random Key Genetic Algorithm (RKGA) and Immune Algorithm (IA) which are proposed previously. The results show that NSA outperforms both RKGA and IA.     

Setting a common due date in a constrained flowshop: A variable neighbourhood search approach

In this paper we study a due date setting problem in a flowshop layout. The problem consists of scheduling a set of jobs arriving to the system together with jobs already present (denoted as old jobs), in order to set a common due date for the new jobs. Since the old jobs have a common due date that must not be violated, our problem is a rescheduling problem with the objective of minimising the makespan of the new jobs (thus obtaining the tightest possible due date for the new jobs) and a constraint since the maximum tardiness of the old jobs must be equal to zero. This approach leads to an interesting scheduling problem in which two different objectives are considered, each one for a subset of the jobs that must be scheduled. To the best of our knowledge, this type of problems have been scarcely considered in the literature, and only for very specific purposes. Since our problem is clearly NP-hard, a new heuristic based on variable neighbourhood search (VNS) has been designed. The computational results show that our proposed heuristic outperforms two existing heuristic methods for similar problems in the literature.     

Unrelated parallel machine scheduling with setup times and a total weighted tardiness objective

This paper presents several search heuristics and their performance in batch scheduling of parallel, unrelated machines. Identical or similar jobs are typically processed in batches in order to decrease setup times and/or processing times. The problem accounts for allotting batched work parts into unrelated parallel machines, where each batch consists of a fixed number of jobs. Some batches may contain different jobs but all jobs within each batch should have an identical processing time and a common due date. Processing time of each job of a batch is determined according to the machine group as well as the batch group to which the job belongs. Major or minor setup times are required between two subsequent batches depending on batch sequence but are independent of machines. The objective of our study is to minimize the total weighted tardiness for the unrelated parallel machine scheduling. Four search heuristics are proposed to address the problem, namely (1) the earliest weighted due date, (2) the shortest weighted processing time, (3) the two-level batch scheduling heuristic, and (4) the simulated annealing method. These proposed local search heuristics are tested through computational experiments with data from dicing operations of a compound semiconductor manufacturing facility.     

Genetic algorithm for rotary machine scheduling with dependent processing times

This paper focuses on scheduling a rotary injection molding machine with dependent processing times. The injection machine has n pairs of positions to process n pairs of shoes. It is rotated after every cycle time. Cycle time is the maximum injection time of the jobs currently loaded in the machine. Thus, for all practical purposes, the processing time of a job depends on the combination of the jobs currently assigned to the machine. The uncertainty of processing time makes this problem more complicated than traditional parallel machine scheduling problems. Additionally, since switching jobs leads to mold changes, set-up time is also included in the analysis. We develop a Sequential Genetic Algorithm (SGA) to identify the best schedule with regard to makespan. In this approach, multiple GA evolvers are connected by using a feeding strategy, where each GA evolver identifies the best schedule with minimum makespan for the corresponding product family. A multi-segment (product lines) chromosome representation is applied to represent the product line sequence as well as the job sequence within a product family. Furthermore, an adaptive feeding strategy is also proposed to improve results and reduce computation times. Besides SGA, we also improve the performance of a traditional heuristic procedure by proposing a minimum ΔIT heuristic approach. The experimentation is performed by using four experimental data sets with different demand patterns and nine data sets from a shoe manufacturing plant. The results indicate that our SGA provides better schedule with respect to makespan value, while heuristic procedures take insignificant time to obtain results. Another observation is that adaptive feeding strategy helps to find good results in a shorter time.