金属修饰N掺杂TiO2的制备及其光催化性能研究

首先采用热化学法制备纳米管钛酸,然后把金属硝酸盐和尿素均匀分散于纳米管钛酸的表面,再通过高温焙烧的方法制备得到金属修饰的N掺杂TiO2。采用DRS、XRD分别对样品光吸收能力、晶体结构进行了分析,研究了修饰的金属和掺杂N元素对催化剂光谱吸收的贡献。通过紫外光和可见光光照下降解气相丙烯和液相苯酚考察了催化剂的光催化活性,结果表明,金属修饰N掺杂TiO2在可见光照下对丙烯和苯酚都表现出良好的可见光光催化能力。     

阴离子掺杂型TiO2可见光活性研究进展

阴离子掺杂改性TiO2光催化材料是目前光催化材料界的一个研究热点.综述了阴离子掺杂改性TiO2可见光活性的研究进展,重点探讨了N、C和S等元素掺杂TiO2材料的原理,实验工艺,效果以及优缺点.并对TiO2光催化材料可见光活性未来发展趋势进行了展望.     

活性炭负载N掺杂可见光型TiO2-xNy/AC光催化剂的制备及性能研究

将活性炭负载与N掺杂有效结合,采用酸催化水解法在粉状活性炭(AC)表面合成TiO2前驱体,在NH3/N2气氛中程序升温处理制得N掺杂TiC2-xNy/AC(TON/AC)光催化剂.以苯酚为模型物,考查了TON/AC紫外光区、可见光区及太阳光下催化活性以及分离性能、使用寿命.采用XPS、XRD、DRS、FTIR,SEM、低温氮物理吸附对光催化剂的表面特征,吸光特性、晶相结构等进行表征.结果表明,N以阴离子形式进入TiO2体相并置换晶格中的O,适量N掺杂的TON/AC在紫外光区、可见光区及太阳光下均表现出较高的活性.N掺杂在TiO2表面生成Ti-O-N键,形成新的能级结构,使催化剂的吸收红移至450～550nm,诱发TiO2可见光催化活性. AC负载可降低TiO2团聚体的尺寸,增加催化剂比表面积,为光催化降解提供高浓度环境,从而提高光催化效率同时还可改善催化剂分离性能,提高催化剂使用寿命.     

N掺杂对TiO2结构及可见光光催化性能影响的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在钛酸丁酯水解过程中加入一定量的尿素,制备了不同N掺杂量的光催化剂TiO2-xNx.以亚甲基蓝溶液为降解对象,研究催化剂在可见光区的催化性能;利用XRD、XPS、SEM、UV-Vis对催化剂的结构、形貌和光催化性能进行了表征.实验结果表明,掺杂的N以O-Ti-N的形式存在于TiO2结构中,N元素抑制了锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变和晶粒的长大;样品中形成了新的能级结构,提高了TiO2在可见光下的光量子效率和光催化能力.掺杂量为3.84%(质量分数)的TiO2-xNx在可见光区的响应能力最高,吸收波长延伸至520nm,其光催化活性最大,1.5h降解率达到55.54%.     

S、RE共掺杂TiO2的制备及其可见光分解水制氢性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了系列稀土(La、Eu、Nd、Tb、Er)和硫共掺杂TiO2光催化剂RE/S/TiO2。通过紫外-可见(UV-Vis)漫反射、X射线衍射(XRD)对催化剂进行了表征。以EDTA为电子给体,考察了光催化剂在可见光照射下的制氢活性。研究结果表明,S/TiO2具有可见光活性,稀土掺杂进一步提高了S/TiO2可见光活性,其活性顺序依次为Eu/S/TiO2>La/S/TiO2>Nd/S/TiO2>Tb/S/TiO2>Er/S/TiO2。与纯TiO2和S/TiO2光催化剂相比,稀土掺杂使催化剂的粒径减小,晶格畸变应力增大,从而提高了催化剂可见光制氢活性。     

非金属掺杂TiO2催化剂的制备及可见光诱导活性

通过金属及非金属离子掺杂改性、离子注入以及染料光敏化等方法可以将只能紫外光激发的TiO2光催化反应红移到可见光区域进行,近年来国内外在非金属掺杂TiO2可见光催化剂研究取得了积极进展。本文主要对N掺杂和C掺杂TiO2的制备方法进行了介绍,同时对其掺杂的非金属存在形态及掺杂机理作了理论分析。     

铍、氮共掺杂TiO2的制备及其可见光下光解水制氢性能研究

通过煅烧硫酸钛与氨水水解沉淀物制备氮掺杂TiO2(N-TiO2),用浸渍法制备了铍、氮共掺杂TiO2光催化剂(Be-N-TiO2).通过可见光光还原沉积法载铂,以可见光(λ≥420nm)光催化制氢为探针反应考察了催化剂的活性,发现当煅烧温度为300℃,Be2 的掺杂量为1.5%(原子分数)时,制备的Pt/Be-N-TiO2制H2活性最高.通过XRD、DRS、FT-IR等手段对掺杂催化剂进行了表征,N掺杂可在TiO2中形成O-Ti-N键,使其具有可见光吸收能力;掺入Be2 可以有效的分离光生电子和空穴,减少了两者的复合,同时能够消除由于氮掺杂引入的氧空位,使共掺杂催化剂相对于单一的N-TiO2具有较高的可见光制H2活性.     

可磁回收的CoFe_2O_4@RGO@TiO_2催化剂制备及掺杂改性研究

采用蒸汽热法制得硫(S)、氮(N)共掺杂铁酸钴(CoFe_2O_4)、氧化石墨烯(GO)、二氧化钛(TiO_2)(CoFe_2O_4@RGO@TiO_2-S/N)催化剂,研究了GO、钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)的用量、反应时间与温度以及S、N掺杂量等对催化剂光催化性能的影响。研究结果表明,在CoFe_2O_4∶GO的质量配合比为5∶1、TBOT∶水(H_2O)的体积配合比为1∶25、S∶N的摩尔配合比为1∶2、180℃反应36h条件下,制得的CoFe_2O_4@RGO@TiO_2-S/N在紫外光照射2h和可见光照射6h对甲基橙(MO)的降解率均达到100%。催化剂磁分离回收循环使用5次后,在紫外光和可见光条件下对MO的降解率仍能达到96.1%和93.1%。该催化剂不仅具备优异的紫外光和可见光光催化活性,还可回收再利用。     

N、La共掺杂TiO2的微观结构及性能

采用基于密度泛函理论的平面波超软赝势方法研究了N、La共掺杂TiO2的晶体结构、电子结构和光学性质,计算结果表明,掺杂后TiO2的晶格常数、原子间的键长和原子电荷都发生了变化,导致掺杂后的八面体偶极矩增加,从而有利于光生电子-空穴对的分离,提高TiO2的光催化性能,且共掺杂后带隙减小,导致光吸收带边红移到可见光区,而电子在La的5d轨道之间的跃迁使共掺杂TiO2在可见光区有较好的光吸收特性。     

镍、硫共掺杂纳米TiO2的制备及其可见光催化性能

为提高纳米TiO2的可见光催化活性,采用沉淀-浸渍法制备了一种新型Ni和S共掺杂TiO2纳米复合光催化剂.通过紫外-可见(UV-Vis-)漫反射、X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X-荧光(EDX)等手段对其结晶形态、晶粒尺寸、元素掺杂量和吸光性能等进行了表征.结果显示,催化剂Ni/S/TiO2为锐钛矿晶相,平均粒径约为6～7nm,比表面积高达260.42m2/g,感光范围可拓展到可见光区,且与纯TiO2,S掺杂TiO2和Ni掺杂TiO2相比,光催化剂Ni/S/TiO2的颗粒粒径更小,比表面积更大,光吸收边红移程度更显著.以活性艳蓝198染料溶液为模拟废水,以氙光灯为光源,对光催化剂Ni/S/TiO2的催化活性进行了评价.结果表明,Ni/S/TiO2具有比纯TiO2、S掺杂TiO2和Ni掺杂TiO2更高的可见光催化活性,氙光灯照射120min,活性艳蓝198降解率可达到98.5%.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.