红外探测器件在低温背景下的探测率测试

建立了红外探测器件低温背景探测率测试系统,实验研究了红外探测器件在低温背景下的探测特性,用于支持红外探测低温光学系统的合理设计.首先,介绍并分析了红外探测系统的噪声和响应特性,建立了低温光学系统设计与红外探测器件在低温背景下探测性能之间的关系;在热真空环境下搭建了基于变温面源黑体的低温背景探测率测试系统.然后,针对某红外器件在低温背景下的探测率进行了实验测量.最后,通过计算得到了低温背景下极限积分时间及探测特性相对于常温背景下的一般变化规律.实验结果表明:低温背景下极限积分时间及探测率均比常温背景下提高近20倍,提出的测试技术可为低温光学系统的指标设计提供依据与参考.     

基于紫红外传感器的火焰探测系统设计与实现

针对传统的感烟、感温、感光型火焰探测器的误报率高,响应时间长的特点,研制了一种联合使用紫外和红外传感器的火焰探测系统。该系统利用紫外传感器探测火焰辐射出的处在日盲区波段的紫外光谱,同时使用红外传感器探测火焰辐射出的4.4μm波段的红外光谱,并结合快速傅里叶变换(FFT)提取火焰闪烁频率的方法来识别火焰。实验表明,该方法有效地降低系统误报率和漏报率,响应时间小于1 s,探测距离达到5 m,对于粮仓、易燃物品存放地的消防应用有着重要的意义。     

基于Lowtran软件包和Gabor匹配提高紫外告警系统探测距离

紫外告警的虚警率较低但探测距离太近,而红外告警则与之互补。基于此提出一种将紫外告警与红外跟踪相复合的应用于地面设备的新型告警/跟踪一体化模式。重点分析了紫外告警系统的探测机理、捕获条件及作用距离影响因素。据此提出了一种基于Lowtran软件包的紫外告警系统探测距离估算模型,用于精确估算紫外告警系统对近程固体推进剂导弹的探测距离。针对UVCCD图像信号处理对探测距离的重要影响,提出基于Gabor特征的图像匹配方案。通过系统仿真实验,证明该模型在系统硬件不变的条件下能将探测距离估算的准确性控制在5%以内,将目前紫外告警系统的探测距离由最远5km提高到最远8km,大大提高了告警系统的探测质量。本方案模型可用于其他光电探测设备。     

空基红外系统作用距离建模及应用分析

针对现有红外系统作用距离模型影响因素考虑较少、难以准确评估系统探测能力及目标红外隐身效果的问题,开展空基红外系统作用距离建模及应用案例分析。分析典型红外系统作用距离的影响因素,定义大气光谱透过率与作用距离的隐函数,基于大气垂直高度层上温度差异明晰光谱辐射强度分布模型,考虑目标红外光谱辐射线型特征推导大气透过率加权修正系数,进而构建了综合目标光谱辐射特性、大气温度和红外系统高度等多种因素的空基红外系统对点目标作用距离模型。基于该模型,对不同类型空基红外系统的探测能力及不同类型目标的红外隐身性能进行了比较和分析。结果表明,对于导弹、飞机类目标,采用大口径、长波段系统设计有利于提升空基红外系统对目标迎头方向探测能力,大口径中波红外系统对目标尾后方向探测能力更强;小尺寸、低表面发射率、低速飞行目标的红外隐身及突防能力更好,目标在平流层飞行时隐身性能要优于对流层和中间层飞行目标。     

枪弹击发探测器的设计

为了解决靶场战术靶比赛出现的脱靶现象,导致的难以评定比赛结果的问题,对比赛时连续击发的弹数进行统计。通过对枪口火焰进行分析,发现其具有红外光谱特性。应用PBS探测器探测枪口火焰信号,完成了信号采集电路和相应信号处理电路的设计,采用STM32单片机对击发的枪弹进行计数,并将计数值上传到PC机,同时分析了系统受干扰的因素,并采取了解决措施。通过鞭炮连续爆炸时的试验测试,论证了系统对枪弹连续击发具有很强的探测能力,基本满足战术靶比赛的要求。     

基于小波神经网络的炉膛火焰识别和诊断

提出一种利用火焰图像处理和小波神经网络技术进行炉膛火焰燃烧的快速、准确识别和诊断方法;通过火焰图像处理系统获取燃烧图像,提取用于燃烧诊断的火焰图像特征参数;构造用于燃烧诊断的小波神经网络,采用最小二乘算法进行小波神经元函数的选择;将提取的火焰图像特征参数作为小波神经网络的输入,通过训练和测试,进行火焰燃烧状态的预测.基于小波神经网络的图像处理和燃烧诊断方法具有准确、快速优点.     

一种红外辐射特性测量教学训练系统

提出了一种红外辐射特性测量教学训练系统。利用该系统,结合红外辐射特性测量设备的任务及结构原理,设计了近20个操作科目;并阐述了红外辐射特性测量系统标定原理,实现了红外辐射特性测量教学系统的软硬件系统设计;研究并确立了红外探测器指标测试操作科目的计算模型。经实验验证,该系统能满足教学训练要求,有助于士官院校学员对红外辐射特性测量系统原理、结构的学习和掌握。     

基于图像校正的炉膛火焰检测算法

针对基于图像处理的炉膛火焰检测系统中实际采集到的火焰图像与实际火焰产生变形的问题，提出了基于图像校正的炉膛火焰检测算法。实验结果表明采用该方法可以有效地提高燃烧诊断的准确性。     

基于对比度的空中红外点目标探测距离估计方法

基于最小分辨对比度准则,研究了天空背景下红外点目标的最大探测距离估计方法.首先,分析了红外波段大气辐射传输与衰减、对比度限制光电成像系统功率响应特性,建立了目标表观对比度模型,并推导出了由气溶胶消光系数和距离参量确定的探测距离方程.然后,对目标天空背景温差、发射率,气溶胶衰减系数,瞬时视场、对比度探测阈值以及辐射波长等参数作了详细讨论.最后,利用LOWTRAN7程序的典型大气模式数据,对红外点目标探测距离进行了数值模拟.     

基于信息融合技术的工业链条炉智能控制方法

分析了工业链条锅炉燃烧控制现状及各种影响因素，提出一种基于火焰图像处理及信息融合技术的锅炉炉膛火焰燃烧专家控制方法。实验结果表明：方法对火焰的燃烧状态有较高的识别准确性。同时提出了一种完善的工业锅炉智能控制系统的结构。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...