高强度钯基弹性合金之研究

研究两种Pd合金的力学、电学性能和组织结构.两种合金具有适中电阻率、低的电阻温度系数和对Cu热电势.与铍青铜、Palliney-7六元合金及Pt-20Ag等著名弹性合金的性能对比,具有高强度和高硬度.HSP-1合金的弹性模量与铍青铜相当,强度约高一倍.细晶粒基体结构、溶质的固溶强化、第二相呈均匀分布的纤维结构、时效过程中强的晶格畸变与斜方时效相的形成,是合金在淬火态、加工态和时效态呈高强度的原因.两种合金可以代替Pt-20Ag、Palliney-7等合金作弹簧、弹性电刷、张丝、滑动接点等材料使用,从而可以节省Pt和Au.     

Pt-10Pd-20Ag合金的真空感应熔炼和喷铸成形工艺的研究

介绍了Pt-10Pd-20Ag合金的真空感应熔炼和喷铸成形工艺;并对熔炼后合金的组织和成分进行了初步分析 .结果发现,通过该工艺方法得到的合金组织致密、成分符合要求,该工艺是一种较好的适合Pt-10Pd-20Ag合金熔炼和成形的方法.     

快速凝固Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu钎料合金凝固组织特征

通过单辊快淬工艺制备了快速凝固态Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu钎料合金薄带,采用XRD、SEM与EDS等分析方法研究了其凝固组织.结果表明,常规熔铸态钎料和快速凝周钎料合金中均存在β-Sn、Ag3Sn、Cu6Sn53种物相.但经快速凝固后合金中Sn相的比例明显增加,而Ag3Sn、Cu6Sn5相减少,合金组织明显细化且初生相及共晶组织形态发生显著变化.     

加工性能优良的高阻金钯铁铝合金

Au-Pd-Fe-Al合金是迄今已发现的电阻率最高的电阻合金材料,具有广阔的应用领域。但是,其加工极其困难,至今也无法稳定地批量生产。采用特殊的凝固方法,有效地避免了Au-Pd-Fe-Al合金铸锭穿晶组织的出现,合金的加工性能良好,电阻率达到216μΩ.cm。     

加速度计悬丝断裂分析

惯性导航加速度计是惯导系统的关键元件之一,由于单轴摆式加速度计具有量程大、精度高而被广泛使用。对悬丝作为敏感线圈的支撑,在整个单轴摆武加速度计中属关键零件,同时也是加速度计中最易失效的零件。对悬丝断口、材质、工艺过程及测试环境进行了分析研究。结果表明：过载断裂是悬丝的主要失效形式,其次为疲劳断裂;悬丝失效受综合因素的影响,包括悬丝内部缺陷、材质不均、焊接过程控制问题、测试环境因素等,其中最主要的因素是悬丝内部各种缺陷。在此基础上,提出了严格控制悬丝加工工艺过程、改用可焊接性能良好的抗氧化无铅焊料KYHFSn96．5AgCu代替普通的铅锡焊料HLSn40PbA焊接等改进措施,有效地预防了加速度计悬丝的断裂失效。     

快速凝固TiAl化合物的研究进展

TiAl合金是一种很有希望的航空、航天及汽车用高温结构材料,但是其较低的室温塑性限制了它的应用.快速凝固技术有望使其性能得到改善.综述了近年来快速凝固TiAl合金的研究进展,包括快速凝固工艺、合金的发展以及合金的组织演变及其特征、力学性能及添加合金化元素的作用,亚稳相的产生及稳定性以及快速凝固薄带或粉末的固结等.     

Pt-25Rh-0.2La-0.2Ce合金的组织结构及性能研究

采用真空电弧熔炼预合金化-高频熔炼方法制备Pt-25Rh-0.2La-0.2Ce合金。利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电镜及电子拉伸试验机等,研究Pt-25Rh-0.2La-0.2Ce合金的显微组织结构、力学性能及高温抗氧化性能。结果表明,稀土的添加可有效细化合金的晶粒尺寸,提高合金的室温及高温力学性能,同时对合金的高温抗氧化性能无明显负面影响。     

快速凝固对Sn2．5Ag0．7Cu钎料合金熔化与铺展特性的影响

采用单辊法制备了快速凝固态Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu钎料合金薄带.通过DSC检测和铺展试验研究了快速凝固对Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu钎料合金熔化与铺展特性的影响.结果表明:快速凝固态钎料熔化区间为6℃.较常态钎料小9℃;与常态钎料相比,快速凝固态钎料能够在较低温度(260℃)、较短时间(3 min)实现速度更快、面积更大的铺展.     

快速凝固新型Au-Ag-Ge合金薄带的制备

采用单辊快速凝固法制备了Au-19.25Ag-12.80Ge合金薄带。利用TEM方法对合金薄带的显微组织进行了观察分析,根据热传输平衡方程对快速凝固过程冷却速率进行估算。结果表明:辊面线速度在18~24 m/s范围内时,快速凝固冷却速率可达8.93×105~1.293×106K/s,随着快速凝固冷却速率的增加,合金薄带厚度有所减小;单辊快速凝固工艺的冷却速率对合金薄带的显微组织有重要影响,由于快速凝固工艺增加了材料的固溶度,减小了成分偏析,细化了晶粒,因此显微组织更加均匀细小,形成了纳米晶,快速冷却工艺在金属熔液内垂直于辊轮方向上产生的冷却速度梯度,造成了晶粒内部应力集中现象的产生。     

放射性同位素电池用铱合金包壳材料的研究进展

放射性同位素电池(RTG)对包壳材料的高温抗氧化性能有特别的要求,百瓦级以下的包壳材料可以使用Pt-30Rh合金,百瓦级以上的包壳材料需使用工作温度更高的铱合金。本文对铱合金包壳材料中掺杂钨、钍和铝等元素对金相组织结构、高温耐腐蚀性能和加工性能的影响,概述了高频感应熔炼、电子束熔炼和真空电弧熔炼等加工工艺的发展。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.