循环扩-挤变形AZ80镁合金组织与性能

通过循环扩挤(CEEOP)变形方法对100 mm×50 mm×170 mm的AZ80镁合金块状材料进行挤压加工,借助计算机模拟仿真、组织观察、拉伸试验、硬度测试等手段研究了1~4道次CEEOP变形对AZ80镁合金等效应变、显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着CEEOP挤压道次的增加,晶粒的尺寸越来越小且分布均匀,1道次后晶粒尺寸可以从200μm左右细化到6μm,4道次后晶粒尺寸细化到1.5μm左右,整体分布均匀呈等轴晶晶粒,晶粒细化的机制是晶粒的机械破碎和动态再结晶,2道次以后晶粒细化效果不太明显。力学性能较均匀化退火态有了大幅度的提升,1道次硬度HB从均匀化退火态的615 MPa提升到了830.7 MPa,4道次达到862.7 MPa,抗拉强度与屈服强度分别从均匀化退火态的230.9和115 MPa提升到了262.7和155 MPa,4道次可以达到294和170 MPa,通过对比ECAP变形试样的组织与力学性能数据,在相同的变形温度与累积应变下,CEEOP变形方法比ECAP变形能够更好地细化晶粒和提高材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度。     

等通道角挤压制备细晶ZK60镁合金的组织与力学性能

利用两种等通道角挤压(ECAP)方法(普通单步ECAP和两步ECAP)制备细晶ZK60合金。采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线衍射仪对合金的组织和织构进行观察,通过拉伸试验研究不同ECAP方法对合金力学性能的影响。结果表明:与单步ECAP变形相比,两步ECAP变形,由于降低了变形温度,晶粒细化效果更好;经过(240℃,4道次)+(180℃,4道次)两步ECAP变形后,合金晶粒细化至约0.8μm;合金的力学性能与材料的织构密切相关,由于存在织构软化效应,与挤压态相比,经单步ECAP变形后合金的强度有所降低,而伸长率明显提高;但经两步ECAP变形后,由于细晶强化和亚结构强化的作用,合金的强度得到提高。     

循环扩-挤变形AZ80镁合金组织与性能研究

通过循环扩挤(CEEOP)变形方法对100mm×50mm×170mm的 AZ80镁合金块状材料进行挤压加工,借助计算机模拟仿真、组织观察、拉伸试验、硬度测试等手段研究了1～4道次CEEOP变形对AZ80镁合金等效应变、显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着CEEOP挤压道次的增加,晶粒的尺寸越来越小且分布均匀,1道次后晶粒尺寸可以从200μm左右细化到6μm,4道次后晶粒尺寸细化到1.5μm左右,整体分布均匀呈等轴晶晶粒,晶粒细化的机制是晶粒的机械破碎和动态再结晶,2道次以后晶粒细化效果不太明显。力学性能较均匀化退火态有了大幅度的提升,1道次硬度从均匀化退火态的61.5HB提升到了83.07HB,4道次达到86.27HB,抗拉强度与屈服强度分别从均匀化退火态的230.9MPa和115MPa提升到了262.7MPa和155MPa,四道次可以达到294MPa和170MPa,通过对比ECAP变形试样的组织与力学性能数据,在相同的变形温度与累积应变下,CEEOP变形方法比ECAP变形能够更好地细化晶粒和提高材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度。     

不同轧制工艺参数条件下AZ31镁合金孪晶和织构的演变规律及其对力学性能的影响（英文）

为了考察轧制工艺参数对板材显微组织和力学性能的影响,通过不同温度和轧制变形量的热轧工艺得到具有不同晶粒尺寸、基面织构强度和孪晶类型的AZ31镁合金轧制板材。拉伸孪晶、压缩孪晶和双孪晶的体积分数与AZ31镁合金轧制板材的晶粒尺寸有关。当轧制温度为523 K、轧制变形量为10%时轧制得到的板材,三种类型孪晶的体积分数最高,此时晶粒尺寸最大。在轧制温度分别为523和473 K时,板材发生完全动态再结晶的临界变形量分别为30%和40%。拉伸实验结果表明:随着轧制变形量的增加,在第一阶段,轧制后板材屈服强度的提高主要依赖于晶粒细化强化和织构强化;当晶粒尺寸随变形量的增加不再发生明显的细化时,板材的屈服强度主要受织构弱化的影响。     

等通道转角挤压镁合金的微观组织和力学性能

采用自制的90°模具,分析不同的ECAP挤压路径对AZ31镁合金变形后的微观组织和力学性能的影响;对挤压后的试样进行显微组织观察、硬度测试,研究等通道挤压工艺(ECAP)对AZ31镁合金的晶粒细化效果.结果表明:Bc路径晶粒细化效果较好,随着挤压道次增加,晶粒发生细化,7道次后晶粒尺寸由原来的70μm细化到4.8μm左右;硬度值随道次增加显著提高,3道次后达到最大值90.81MPa,之后随道次增加,硬度略有下降,趋于稳定.     

模压变形低碳钢板材的组织结构与力学性能

采用模压变形(GP)法变形工业轧制态低碳钢板材,研究GP变形对轧制态低碳钢板材组织结构和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,GP变形能够显著细化板材的晶粒尺寸,且随着变形道次的增加,试样晶粒不断细化、均匀化。GP变形后试样的显微硬度、屈服强度及抗拉强度均显著高于工业轧制态板材,且变形后试样的伸长率随变形道次的增加而缓慢增加。     

超细晶Mg-2.5Zn-1Ca合金制备及其组织性能研究

通过挤压+等通道转角挤压(ECAP)复合加工工艺制备了超细晶Mg-2.5Zn-1Ca合金,采用OM、SEM、XRD、EBSD等手段分析变形过程中微观结构演变特征,结合力学性能变化,研究变形过程中合金强化机制。结果表明,经挤压+ECAP变形后,晶粒与第二相颗粒明显细化,其中挤压+2道次ECAP后获得了均匀的细晶组织,平均晶粒尺寸约1.1μm;同时,细小的Ca₂Mg₆Zn₃颗粒弥散分布于基体中。晶粒细化是剧烈塑性变形、动态再结晶和细小弥散的Ca₂Mg₆Zn₃相共同作用的结果。ECAP变形使合金的力学性能显著提高,2道次有最高的抗拉强度和延伸率,分别为275 MPa和17%。随着ECAP变形道次的增加,织构强度逐渐减弱,基面织构逐渐转变为一种新的织构,并且ECAP变形合金有较高的非基面施密特因子,组织均匀细化,使得材料有更好的延伸率。     

等通道转角挤压对生物Mg-Zn-Ca合金显微组织与腐蚀行为的影响

旨在探讨等通道转角挤压(equal-channel-angular-pressed,ECAP)对生物医用Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca合金的显微组织以及腐蚀行为的影响。对铸态Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca合金进行了1,2,4道次的剪切挤压变形。采用光学显微组织观察、X射线反射法、电化学等手段研究了挤压道次对镁合金显微组织、织构以及腐蚀行为的影响,也特别关注了ECAP对试样的不同截面方向的显微组织演变以及模拟体液(simulatedbodyfluid,SBF)电化学腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:ECAP变形后铸态Mg-3Zn-0.2Ca镁合金晶粒逐渐细化,变形后镁合金呈现出与挤压方向呈一定角度的002面剪切织构;随着挤压道次增加,合金的耐蚀性先增加后降低。等通道转角挤压对合金耐蚀性的影响是晶粒尺寸、晶体缺陷和织构变化的综合效果;ECAP变形后合金不同截面方向呈现不同的耐蚀性,垂直于挤压方向截面的耐蚀性优于另2个方向截面的耐蚀性。     

AZ31镁合金大压下率轧制条件下组织与性能

热轧态AZ31镁合金板材进行单道次大变形异步轧制,对轧制后的镁合金板材进行显微组织、力学性能分析.研究结果表明,随着压下率的增大,板材的晶粒得到显著细化,压下率为36.4％时,晶粒从10.9μm细化至3.8μm.随着晶粒的细化,抗拉强度逐渐提高,伸长率则呈线性下降,含有较多孪晶时,合金在变形时容易在材料内部形成裂纹源,...     

等通道转角挤压双相Mg-10.73Li-4.49Al-0.52Y合金的组织与力学性能

采用等通道转角挤压(ECAP)工艺在573 K温度下以Bc路径对双相合金Mg-10.73Li-4.49Al-0.52Y进行1~6道次挤压变形,对变形合金进行显微组织观察、扫描电镜分析、X射线衍射测试和应变速率为1.5×10-3 s-1的室温拉伸实验。结果表明:该合金由(α+β)相组成,变形后晶粒沿着与挤压方向成30°~45°角且呈拉长的流线状,随挤压道次的增加,晶粒不断细化,其析出相Al2Y颗粒也随道次的增加沿晶粒拉长的方向均匀化和细化。合金原始铸态无织构,1道次变形后β相的主滑移面{110}晶面织构强度最高,变形3道次和6道次后该晶面织构强度相对1道次的下降,织构向周围移动。变形到3道次,室温下抗拉强度从铸态的137.5 MPa提高到最大值166.4 MPa;4道次后,强度有一定程度下降。断口分析表明,经6道次变形后断口呈典型的延性断裂特征,存在更多的韧窝,并获得较大的室温伸长率(83%)。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of fine grained uranium prepared by ECAP and subsequent intermediate heat treatment

The microstructure and mechanical properties of fine grained uranium prepared by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent intermediate heat treatment were investigated systematically by the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The results show that the initial coarse grained uranium was refined from about 1000 to 6.5 μm prepared by ECAP at 3 passes and subsequent heat treatment, and the corresponding dynamic yield strength increased from 135 to 390 MPa. For the ECAPed uranium samples, the relationship between grain size and yield strength could be described by classical Hall–Petch relationship, and the fitting Hall–Petch relationship for the fine grained uranium samples prepared by ECAP was drawn.     

等通道转角挤压制备超细晶Mg15Al双相合金组织与性能

对高铝双相合金Mg15Al在553K以Bc路线进行了不同道次的等通道挤压(ECAP),获得了超细晶高铝镁合金。通过OM,SEM,TEM分析了ECAP前后合金的微观组织结构及断口形貌,并测试了不同挤压道次后合金的硬度和室温拉伸性能,分析了ECAP细化晶粒机理及其性能改善原因。结果表明,随挤压道次增加,累计形变增强,网状硬脆相β-Mg17Al12破碎,合金晶粒显著细化,但对单相区和两相混合区细化效果不同。在α、β两相共存区内,4道次ECAP后形成100nm～200nm的细晶粒;在α单相区,4道次ECAP后晶粒为1μm以下,且在初晶α-Mg内析出弥散细小的β相,起到细晶强化和弥散强化作用。8道次ECAP后,晶粒略有长大。ECAP使合金的硬度、抗拉强度和延伸率同时得到提高,尤其是4道次ECAP后,硬度提高了32.04%,抗拉强度σb从150MPa提高到269.3MPa,延伸率δ由0.05%提高到7.4%;8道次ECAP后,硬度、抗拉强度略有下降,延伸率略有上升。SEM断口观察显示ECAP使合金拉伸断口形貌由铸态的解理断裂特征转变为延性韧窝断裂特征。     

等通道挤压对AZ80镁合金的组织和织构的影响

研究了AZ80镁合金在300℃下经A路径等通道挤压后显微组织和织构的演变规律,揭示了该应变路径下织构特征形成的内在机制,并讨论了ECAP对第二相析出的影响。结果表明:材料经ECAP后最终获得3~4μm的等轴晶,并显著促进了粒状Mg17Al12相的连续析出,但增加挤压道次晶粒细化效果减弱,粒子粗化;挤压初始可获得基面法线向挤压方向偏转的倾斜织构与基面织构共存的织构特征,在剪切面倾斜度效应和通道间隙的影响下,随着挤压道次的增加,倾斜织构的偏转程度减小,最终获得单一的基面织构。     

Microstructure evolution and low temperature superplasticity of ZK40 magnesium alloy subjected to ECAP

Microstructure evolution and superplastic behaviors of ZK40 magnesium alloy were investigated in the temperature range of 473–623 K. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to study the microstructure changes. After the alloy had been processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) for one pass through the die, significant twinning was found to have occurred, and the mean grain size was 5.6 μm. Finer grains were obtained after multi-pass ECAP, and the average grain size of the alloy ECAPed for three passes was as low as 0.8 μm; this alloy exhibited low temperature superplasticity at 473–523 K, and the elongations obtained at the initial strain rate of 1×10⁻³ s⁻¹ were 260% at 473 K and 612% at 523 K. Corresponding values for the ZK40 alloy processed by ECAP for only one pass were 124% at 473 K and 212% at 523 K. Poor superplastic behavior of the ZK40 alloy processed by ECAP for only one pass was related to the longrange stresses associated with the non-equilibrium grain boundaries within the coarse grains. The incompatibility between the fine grains and the coarse grains was thought to be unfavorable to the improvement of superplascity. This article is based on a presentation in “The 7th Korea-China Workshop on Advanced Materials” organized by the Korea-China Advanced Materials Cooperation Center and the China-Korea Advanced Materials Cooperation Center, held at Ramada Plaza Jeju Hotel, Jeju Island, Korea on August 24–27, 2003.     

工业纯钛在120°模具中的多道次ECAP室温变形组织与性能

在室温,采用通道夹角为120°的变形模具对工业纯钛(Commemial Pure Titanium,CP-Ti)以Bc方式实施四道次ECAP(EqualChannel Angular Pressing)挤压变形,成功获得表面光滑无裂纹的变形试样.文中主要研究了工业纯钛在室温下进行ECAP多道次变形的组织结构演变,并测试了变形试样的力学性能.微观结构显示工业纯钛在室温下进行多道次ECAP变形时,只在前两道次产生了大量的变形孪晶,且随道次增加变形孪晶逐渐消失.最终获得的试样晶粒平均尺寸由最初的约28μm细化到约250 nm,试样断裂强度和显微硬度分别提高到773和2486 MPa,而试样仍保持较好的延伸率(可达16.8%).     

Low-temperature superplasticity of ZK40 magnesium alloy processed using equal channel angular pressing

Microstructure evolution and superplastic behaviors of ZK40 magnesium alloy were investigated in the temperature range of 473～623 K. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to study the microstructure changes, twinning occurred significantly after being processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) for one pass through the die, the mean grain size was 5.6μm. Finer grains can be obtained after further processing through ECAP, the average grain size of the alloy processed by ECAP for three passes was as low as 0.8 μ_m; this alloy exhibited low temperature superplasticity at 473～523 K, elongations obtained at the same initial strain rate of 1×10~(-3) s~(-1) were 260％ at 473 K and 612％ at 523 K, respectively. Corresponding values for the ZK40 alloy processed by ECAP for only one pass were 124％ at 473 K and 212％ at 523 K, respectively; poor superplastic behavior of this material was related to the long-range stresses associated with the non-equilibrium grain boundaries within the coarse grains. The incompatibility between fine and coarse grains was thought to be unfavorable to the improvement of superplasticity.     

Damping behavior and mechanical properties of Mg-Cu-Mn alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing

Equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) was conducted at 250℃for 4 passes to the as-extruded Mg-3%Cu-1%Mn alloy with high strength and high damping capacity.After ECAP processing,the grain of as-extruded alloy is significantly refined to about 4μm,both yield strength and tensile strength of the as-extruded Mg-Cu-Mn alloy are decreased,but the ductility is improved.After the ECAP processing,the damping capacity of Mg-Cu-Mn alloy is decreased at room temperature,while is substantially increased at elevated te...     

Effects of die angle on microstructures and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy processed by equal channel angular pressing

1　INTRODUCTIONMagnesiumalloysarethelightestmetallicstruc turalmaterialsandhencetheyprovidegreatpotentialintheweightsavingofautomotiveandaerospacecomponents ,materialhandlingequipment ,portabletoolsandevensportinggoods[1,2 ] .Duetotheirhexago nalclose packed (HCP)crystalstructure ,magnesiumalloysperform poorformabilityandlimitedductilityatroomtemperature ,thustheirproductsaremainlyfabricatedbycasting ,inparticular ,die casting ,andtheapplicationsofwroughtmagnesiumalloysarelim ited .Nowit…     

原始晶粒尺寸对ECAP变形纯钛组织性能的影响

室温下,对923 及1023 K退火1 h所得的不同原始晶粒尺寸的工业纯钛进行ECAP变形。通过TEM、EBSD、室温拉伸和显微硬度测试研究原始晶粒尺寸对ECAP变形纯钛组织性能的影响。探讨纯钛ECAP变形孪生行为和变形机制。结果表明,退火温度越高,原始晶粒尺寸越大。1道次变形后,1023 K退火纯钛的晶粒细化效果更显著。4道次变形后,923 K退火纯钛的组织更细小均匀。随着变形道次的增加,屈服强度不断增大,1道次变形后增幅最大,约为100%,且原始晶粒尺寸越大,强度增幅越大。纯钛ECAP变形机制包括位错滑移和孪生,原始晶粒尺寸越大,孪晶数量越多。