一种基础设施云系统——YUN

文章设计了一个虚拟化平台层——YUN系统,介绍了YUN系统的设计目标、系统架构及主要子系统的功能。YUN系统是一种基础设施云系统。YUN系统管理和虚拟化异构、分布的物理资源(包括服务器设备、网络设备、存储设备),并以即付即用的方式将这些资源按需提供给用户使用;通过虚拟化和网络技术,将操作系统功能边界扩展到网络侧,使得终端侧和网络侧能够在一个统一的架构内进行计算和资源的配置、调度、管理,实现网络化操作系统充分、合理地使用和共享网络系统内的资源。     

嵌入式Linux系统移植中SMP的实现研究

多核嵌入式CPU的出现提高了处理器性能,但目前大多数的操作系统还不能很好地支持这种体系结构,由于Linux内核是目前最流行的系统内核之一,并且其代码具有开源的特性,因此可以通过对现有的Linux操作系统进行移植改造,以适应多核CPU的硬件特性。文中分析了SMP多核嵌入式CPU的硬件结构和启动流程,并使用设备树结构进行了Linux内核在SMP嵌入式平台上关于SMP部分的移植。     

6G通感算资源按需调配：一种基于场景识别的架构

通过集成全域网络资源及普适智能，6G网络有望为用户提供泛在的个性化服务。传统资源调配方案通常基于已知场景或普适场景，无法真正实现服务的按需响应。因此，首先分析用户主观需求及客观环境需求对按需资源调配的影响。其次，设计一个集成主观用户需求和客观环境需求的6G通感算资源按需调配架构。最后，讨论分析架构特点及可行性，为未来6G网络资源按需调配研究的发展和应用提供参考。     

云计算技术及其在广电行业的应用

一 云计算的概念 云计算的核心思想．是将大量用网络连接的计算资源统一管理和调度．构成一个计算资源池向用户按需服务。提供资源的网络被称为“云”．“云”中的资源在使用者看来是可以无限扩展的,并且可以随时获取、按需使用．随时扩展、按使用付费。     

RTLinux环境下导航系统设计与实现

近年来, 随着自由软件运动的兴起而出现的Linux系统是一个值得重视的操作系统,该系统采用了开放和协作的开发模式,并无偿提供源代码。RTLinux是FSMLabs基于Linux开发的硬实时LinuxAPI,它把整个系统分为3个空间：用户空间、Linux内核空间和实时内核空间,实时任务运行在实时内核空间。本文给出了在RTLinux环境下的捷联惯导系统的设计和实现,其主要特点是：把导航系统设计为3个用户进程,有0个进程运行在实时内核空间。这种设计的意义在于：只要深入研究Linux系统,就能够按需定制系统内核,从而能够设计出更合理更高效的导航系统。     

一种嵌入式实时操作系统的时间监控方法

为了实现对嵌入式实时操作操作系统下CPU资源占用情况统计能力,文章提出了一种时间监控方法,以满足操作系统用户获取系统运行时间信息的需求。     

可管理多媒体网络计算机（MMNC）

本文提出一种基于普适计算模式的可管理的多媒体网络计算机MMNC(Manageable Multimedia Network Computer)．MMNC采用服务器进行信息存储和管理、客户端进行任务计算与用户交互的计算模式．它通过MRBP协议为用户提供系统定制，并通过虚拟交换与调度技术将服务器系统中的应用程序代码调用到客户机上执行，实现了客户端的无操作系统化和按需定制程序加载，具有很好的灵活性和扩展性，而且具有成本低、安全性高等优点．     

内核完整性保护模型的设计与实现

非可信内核扩展模块是对操作系统内核完整性安全的重要威胁之一,因为它们一旦被加载到内核空间,将可能任意破坏操作系统内核数据和代码完整性。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于强制访问控制对操作系统内核完整性保护的模型—MOKIP。该模型的基本思想是为内核空间中的不同实体设置不同的完整性标签,然后保证具有低完整性标签的实体不能破坏具有高完整性标签的实体。基于硬件辅助的虚拟化技术实现了原型系统,实验结果表明,本系统能够抵御各种恶意内核扩展模块的攻击,其性能开销被控制在13%以内。     

基于操作系统内核的包过滤防火墙系统的设计与实现

主要研究如何通过基于Windows操作系统内核的包过滤防火墙系统来实现网络安全防护.基于操作系统内核的包过滤防火墙系统是基于网络层实现的包过滤防火墙系统,该系统要求能够对所有进出计算机的IP数据包进行灵活控制,实现包过滤的核心问题是如何截获所有的IP数据包.首先介绍了包过滤防火墙的基本结构和原理,然后在剖析操作系统内核的基础上,研究并设计了基于Windows操作系统内核的包过滤防火墙系统.     

CA—Unicenter在系统管理中的应用

Unix操作系统功能强大,但为系统管理提供的实用程序却较少,对作业调度,数据备份等系统管理工作均由超级用户按个人喜好来完成。对于一个多结点的Unix网络,介入超级用户的人员较多,因而也就会引起系统管理工作的不一致和安全性得不到保障等问题。Unicenter集成软件提供了许多管理工具,用于Unix系统管理给系统管理工作带来极大便利,也使系统更安全。本文对这种应用作了详细描述。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.