光色玻璃结构因子[Ψ]与材料改性的研究

本文研究了Ｒ２Ｏ（ＲＯ）－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ｂ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系光色玻璃基础组成、结构因子［Ψ］与光色玻璃饱和变暗透射率（ＴＤ）的温度系数ｆ（ＴＤ）（简称温度系数）的相互关系。研究结果表明，光色玻璃的温度系数ｆ（ＴＤ）随结构因子［Ψ］的变化具有一定的规律性。随着结构因子［Ψ］的增大，即当［Ψ］＝０．２８￣０．３５时，光色玻璃的温度系数ｆ（ＴＤ）出现了较小值。根据以上结构，探索并研制出了具有较好光色性能即     

无Co混合导电型陶瓷透氧膜的制备和性质研究

首次合成了Ｓｒ１０－ｎ／２ＢｉｎＦｅ２０Ｏｍ（ｎ＝２，４，６，８，１０等）系列氧化物透氧膜，它们具有较高的透氧能力，其中，样品ｎ＝１０在１１００Ｋ时的透氧率为０．９０ｍｌ（ＳＴＤ）／（ｃｍ２·ｍｉｎ），比Ｓｒ１－ｘＢｉｘＦｅＯ３高约两倍．Ｓｒ１－ｘＢｉｘＦｅＯ３（ｘ＝０．１，０．３，０．５）系列的透氧率随Ｂｉ含量增加而增大．通过两个系列氧化物的ＸＲＤ和化学组成的对比，发现Ｂｉ离子含量和晶格空位浓度对透氧能力大小起决定性作用．     

Ca_4RO(BO_3)_3(R=Gd,Y)晶体空间方向的确定

介绍了高质量Ｃａ4ＧｄＯ（ＢＯ3）3（ＧｄＣＯＢ）、Ｃａ4ＹＯ（ＢＯ3）3（ＹＣＯＢ）晶体的生长，报道了两种晶体空间方向的确定方法；对于该类低对称性非线性光学晶体的实用化具有推动意义．     

RAlO3（R=稀土元素）化合物的结晶学研究

藉助于微机控制的线性扫描系统ＬＳ－１８和ＴＲＥＯＲ、ＰＩＲＵＭ程序对ＳｍＡｌＯ３和ＧｄＡｌＯ３的Ｘ射线射Ｇｕｉｎｉｅｒ－Ｈａｇｇ照相底片数据进行了处理，并精密测定了它们的晶胞参数，ＳｍＡｌＯ３属四方晶系，ａ＝５．２８７６（２）Ａ，ｃ＝７．４８５８（７）Ａ，ＧｄＡｌＯ３属正交晶系，ａ－５．２５１１（３）Ａ，ｂ－５．３０１７（２）Ａ，ｃ＝７．４４５０（３）Ａ。言语中对钙钛矿结构的ＲＡｌＯ３（Ｒ＝稀土元     

掺杂BaCeO3和SrCeO3在氧,氢及水气气氛下的电导性能

掺杂碱土金属铈酸盐系统：ＭＣｅ１－ｘＲｘＯ３－ｘ／２（Ｍ＝Ｂａ，Ｓｒ；Ｒ＝Ｙｂ，Ｙ，Ｇｄ，Ｌａ；ｘ＝０．０１～０．１０）可由固相反应制得单相化合物，Ｘ射线衍射分析表明，掺杂元素及掺杂量对掺杂ＢａＣｅＯ３和ＳｒＣｅＯ３的晶体结构影响不大。用复数阻抗谱研究了在氧、氢、水气气氛下的电导性能。在各种气氛下ＭＣｅ０．９５Ｙｂ０．０５Ｏ２．９７５（Ｍ＝Ｂａ，Ｓｒ）的电导率最大。根据测试结果，结合缺陷化学理论讨     

一种窄带辐射温度计智能标定及检定系统

文章描述了由串行电可改写擦除存储器（ＥＰＲＯＭ）、ＲＳ－２３２通讯口和个人计算机（ＰＣ）组成的窄带辐射温度计标定检定系统。系统除了能够在标定过程中自动完成仪器的标定,给出听输出误差分布、提高仪器的速度以外,在检定时还可以通过修改检定参数很容易地修正仪器的各种源移量,使被检测仪器无需作入动或调整即可重新使用。     

高容量SiO2掺杂的（Ba,Pb）TiO3基高居里温度PTCR陶瓷

在制备高质量的（Ｂａ，Ｐｂ）ＴｉＯ＿３基高居里温度ＰＴＣＲ陶瓷时，一般采用铅气氛烧结方法。但是，这种烧结工艺制成的产品的相对成本是高的。作者的实验表明，高容量ＳｉＯ＿２掺杂烧结方法也可以用于制备高质量的（Ｂａ，Ｐｂ）ＴｉＯ＿３基高居里温度ＰＴＣＲ陶瓷。本文主要报道高容量ＳｉＯ＿２对（Ｂａ，Ｐｂ）ＴｉＯ＿３基高居里温度ＰＴＣＲ陶瓷烧结工艺和电特性的影响。     

TiO2和ZrO2在B2O3—MgO—SiO2系晶化过程中的作用

采用Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ），差热分析（ＤＴＡ），扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）和红外光谱（ＩＲ）等手段研究了ＴｉＯ２和ＺｒＯ２对Ｂ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ－ＳｉＯ２渣中含硼组分晶化行为的影响，结果表明，ＴｉＯ２和ＺｒＯ２作为晶核剂加入后，促进分相，降低了晶化活化能，有利于含硼组分以２ＭｇＯ．Ｂ２Ｏ３和３ＭｇＯ．Ｂ２Ｏ３，析出，加入ＴｉＯ２改变了硼渣结构，产生更多有利于２ＭｇＯ．Ｂ２Ｏ３和３ＭｇＯ．Ｂ２Ｏ３析出的（Ｂ２Ｏ５     

超滤膜生物反应器处理生活污水的试验研究

用外压一体化中空纤维超滤膜生物反应器（ＵＭＢＲ）进行了处理生活污水的试验．结果表明,当水力停留时间（ＨＲＴ）为５ｈ、膜通量在４４２～１１０Ｌ／ｈ时,ＵＭＢＲ对生活污水中ＣＯＤ、浊度、ＳＳ的去除率分别可达９０％、９８％、１００％,出水ＣＯＤ＜６０ｍｇ／Ｌ、浊度＜３、ＳＳ为０,污泥质量浓度ρＭＬＳＳ、污泥负荷Ｆｒ、反应器容积负荷ＦＷ分别为６２ｋｇ／ｍ３、０４６ｋｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）、１８２ｋｇ／（ｍ３·ｄ）．初步探讨了超滤膜的堵塞机理,通过杀菌清洗可使超滤膜通透能力恢复到新膜的９７％以上．ＵＭＢＲ出水浊度低,水质稳定,宜于回用     

面向21世纪的超纤维PBO

面向２１世纪的超纤维ＰＢＯ罗益锋（全国特种合成纤维信息中心，北京１０００２２）１．前言所谓超纤维并没有明确的定义，但一般是指拥有强度大于２０ｇ／ｄ（１７．６ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ）、模量５００ｇ／ｄ（４４０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ）以上超力学特性的纤维。从这一点来看，...     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.