双棒型磁致伸缩换能器的结构设计和特性分析

针对高频激励下磁致伸缩换能器磁场环境较差和能量损耗过高的问题,提出一种新型双棒驱动的磁致伸缩换能器设计方案.基于COMSOL仿真软件,从超磁致伸缩材料(Giant Magnetostrictive Material,GMM)、磁路结构和驱动线圈3个方面对双棒型磁致伸缩换能器进行优化设计.按照设计方案制作了一台双棒型磁致伸缩换能器样机,对样机的输出特性进行了实验测试,结果表明该双棒型磁致伸缩换能器在6.4 kHz的高频激励下,输出振幅达48 μm,输出力幅值能稳定在15 N左右,输出特性良好,为高频磁致伸缩换能器的结构设计和仿真优化提供了较好的依据.     

双棒型磁致伸缩换能器的结构设计和特性分析

针对高频激励下磁致伸缩换能器磁场环境较差和能量损耗过高的问题,提出一种新型双棒驱动的磁致伸缩换能器设计方案.基于COMSOL仿真软件,从超磁致伸缩材料(Giant Magnetostrictive Material,GMM)、磁路结构和驱动线圈3个方面对双棒型磁致伸缩换能器进行优化设计.按照设计方案制作了一台双棒型磁致伸缩换能器样机,对样机的输出特性进行了实验测试,结果表明该双棒型磁致伸缩换能器在6.4 kHz的高频激励下,输出振幅达48 μm,输出力幅值能稳定在15 N左右,输出特性良好,为高频磁致伸缩换能器的结构设计和仿真优化提供了较好的依据.     

双棒型磁致伸缩换能器的结构设计和特性分析

针对高频激励下磁致伸缩换能器磁场环境较差和能量损耗过高的问题,提出一种新型双棒驱动的磁致伸缩换能器设计方案.基于COMSOL仿真软件,从超磁致伸缩材料(Giant Magnetostrictive Material,GMM)、磁路结构和驱动线圈3个方面对双棒型磁致伸缩换能器进行优化设计.按照设计方案制作了一台双棒型磁致伸缩换能器样机,对样机的输出特性进行了实验测试,结果表明该双棒型磁致伸缩换能器在6.4 kHz的高频激励下,输出振幅达48 μm,输出力幅值能稳定在15 N左右,输出特性良好,为高频磁致伸缩换能器的结构设计和仿真优化提供了较好的依据.     

超磁致伸缩换能器驱动磁场均匀性的研究

给出超磁致伸缩换能器驱动磁场均匀性概念后,论述了超磁致伸缩换能器驱动磁场宜用电磁感应强度表示。建立了ANSYS2D有限元模型,分析了超磁致伸缩棒、线圈长度、磁路闭合与否、补偿线圈等对磁场均匀性的影响,得出了明确的结论。该分析结果已经用于指导超磁致伸缩换能器的设计,取得良好的效果。     

基于逆磁致伸缩效应的超磁致伸缩磁力控制器件建模

超磁致伸缩器件的输入应力与输出磁通密度存在着滞回非线性.基于Jiles-Atherton模型、磁机械效应方法定律和磁路定律,建立一个超磁致伸缩磁力控制器件的滞回模型.试验结果表明,该模型能较好地描述在变化应力和恒定偏置磁场作用下,超磁致伸缩器件输入应力与输出磁通密度及磁力的滞回关系,并可以预测偏置磁场对器件输出性能的影响,从而对器件的设计与分析具有重要指导意义.     

偏置优化对Terfenol-D致动器性能的影响

从分析Terfenol-D材料的磁致伸缩机理出发,引申出预应力和偏置磁场是影响超磁致伸缩致动器性能的重要因素.零偏置磁场驱动下不同预应力对致动器位移输出影响的实验和零预应力下两种偏置磁场对致动器输出性能的比较实验,验证了合理选择预应力和偏置磁场可有效地改善致动器性能的论点.预应力和磁偏置的实验矩阵确定了不同预应力对应的优化偏置磁场,实际设计中需根据致动器要求确定优化的偏置条件.     

超磁致伸缩微位移驱动器设计

针对超磁致伸缩材料,设计一种超磁致伸缩微位移驱动器并实现对其控制。在分析超磁致伸缩材料工作特性和超磁致伸缩驱动器工作原理的基础上,确定超磁致伸缩驱动器的结构参数,并应用有限元软件对超磁致伸缩驱动器的机械结构进行电磁场分析,比较无偏置磁场和含偏置磁场下超磁致伸缩材料所处位置的平均磁场强度,验证驱动器机械结构的合理性。同时设计压控电流源,利用基于数字信号处理器的控制器中数模转换电路控制压控电流源,使激励线圈配合偏置线圈产生所需磁场。实验表明,在给定预紧力和偏置磁场条件下,超磁致伸缩材料在2A激励电流下可输出行程为27.1μm,位移精度0.1μm,磁滞回线的平均厚度为3.29μm,验证了超磁致伸缩驱动器结构设计的合理性。     

双线圈超磁致伸缩换能器三维磁场分析与优化

针对超磁致伸缩换能器工作性能以及磁场环境问题,对超磁致伸缩换能器磁场强度、漏磁以及超磁致伸缩材料(GMM)棒磁场均匀率进行了研究,并基于GMM设计了一种双线圈换能器。在分析了GMM特性以及超磁致伸缩换能器工作原理的基础上,提出了以增大GMM棒磁场强度、减少漏磁和提高磁场均匀率为设计原则,将GMM棒轴线方向上磁场强度作为评价标准,采用COMSOL Multiphysic有限元仿真软件对双线圈超磁致伸缩换能器进行三维磁场仿真,分析了超磁致伸缩换能器在工作过程中上下导磁体和导磁回路的结构参数对磁场均值大小和磁场均匀率大小的影响规律。研究结果表明:随着导磁体半径的增加,GMM棒磁场均匀率先增加然后增幅缓慢趋于平衡,磁场均值先不变,然后大幅降低;随着导磁回路相对磁导率增加,GMM棒磁场强度均值大幅增加,当相对磁导率达到1 500时,磁场强度均值基本趋于平衡,经过优化,磁场均匀率从59.7%提高到90.5%,增幅为30.8%。     

基于ATILA的Terfenol-D棒输出特性分析

稀土磁致伸缩换能器是一种能够实现电能转换为声能的能量转换器件。Terfenol-D棒是磁致伸缩换能器的动力驱动元件,它受磁场激励后产生连续的轴向振动,从而推动着辐射板向谐振腔体内辐射声场。应用ATILA有限元软件对主动材料Terfenol-D棒进行模态及谐响应分析。重点考察分析Terfenol-D棒长径比、激励电流和预应力对Terfenol-D棒输出特性(磁棒活塞振型频率及轴向振动幅值)的影响。研究结果表明:磁致伸缩换能器可按工况需求,选择不同长径比的Terfenol-D棒以达到理想的轴向输出位移;Terfenol-D棒的轴向输出位移随外加激励电流的增加而逐渐增加;当激励电流一定时,合适大小的预应力可有效增加Terfenol-D棒轴向输出位移,而预应力过大则会影响Terfenol-D棒轴向输出位移。     

超磁致伸缩泵驱动磁路建模及数值分析

提出了一种面向固液混合作动器的新型超磁致伸缩泵结构。对超磁致伸缩泵驱动磁路进行了数学建模,采用有限元法对其磁场分布进行了数值模拟,并与理论计算结果进行对比,发现超磁致伸缩棒上磁感应强度的理论计算值与仿真结果基本吻合。采用磁场有限元法分析了超磁致伸缩棒的轴向磁场与径向磁场均匀性,发现径向磁场均匀性明显高于轴向;针对不同长度的棒进行了轴向磁场均匀性分析,揭示了其影响与作用规律;在此基础上对驱动磁场进行了动态数值模拟,发现在输入电压恒定时超磁致伸缩棒内的磁感应强度随着输入信号频率的提高而衰减,实验与仿真结果的对比验证了仿真的正确性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....