某底火击穿漏烟问题的解决

针对某底火在强度试验中出现底部击穿漏烟的问题,进行了原因分析。分析表明导致该底火底部击穿漏烟的主要因素是底火壳硬度偏低、火台硬度偏高,故采取了降低底火壳退火温度、提高火台退火温度的改进措施。验证试验表明:改进措施在满足底火发火量要求的同时,解决了底部击穿漏烟的问题。     

某型药筒底火穿孔故障分析

在某自行高炮试验过程中,药筒在强度射击试验时出现底火穿孔现象。针对该现象,对该型药筒底火在射击过程中的受力进行了分析,给出了火帽所受剪应力公式及影响火帽剪应力的关键因素;在对比了类似自动机的闭锁机构和击针直径后,经过火帽剪应力计算,找到了底火穿孔的原因。在不改变现有底火火帽厚度的前提下,对闩体、击针等进行了改进设计,经试验验证使底火穿孔问题得以解决。该文解决底火穿孔的思路、方法对解决类似问题有启迪作用,对自动机击发机构具有一定借鉴作用。     

底火输出能量的几种测量方法

介绍了国内外底火输出能量的几种测量方法：压力测量法、光学测量法、声学测量法、机械能量输出测量法,分析了各种测量方法的特点及应用情况;提出结合密闭爆发器原理,通过测量底火输出的火焰温度、底火作用时的压力——时间关系、声学特性等,对底火输出能量进行全面定量化测试的研究方向。     

读者信箱

问:枪弹底火是由什么材料构成的,其构造怎样? 辽宁朝阳姚奇答:枪弹底火是由薄金属壳或塑料壳,内装击发点火药构成的,可在击针撞击、摩擦或电流作用下发火。目前,广泛使用的枪弹底火主要有伯尔丹式底火和博克赛式底火两种型式(见本刊1998年第4期的"读者信箱"相关内容)。伯尔丹式底火是一种自身不带火台的底火;博克赛式底火是一种自身带火台的底火。司:反器材步枪是怎么回事,作什么用的? 江西抚州朱俊     

读者信箱

问:底火与弹壳体的连接极其牢固,是用什么方法连接的？内蒙古巴彦淖尔李晓波答:枪弹的底火与弹壳底火室采用过盈配合连接,也就是说,底火是压进弹壳底火室的。底火压入弹壳底火室后,还有一道在底火与弹壳底火室相接处周围     

底-6乙底火药剂的燃烧温度测定与计算

设计了一种用于底火燃烧温度测定的密闭爆发器,在距底火15 mm处测定了底-6乙底火的燃烧温度,6发底火药剂燃烧最高温度范围为405.87~563.28℃。以底火药剂燃烧放出的热量作为内热源,利用有限元法模拟计算了底火在密闭爆发器内燃烧温度,范围为423.45~552.95℃。结果表明,计算与试验结果比较吻合。     

小口径枪弹环保底火的应用与展望

阐明了研发环保底火的可行性与必要性,介绍了小口径枪弹环保底火的总体设计方案及指标要求,对该环保底火进行了性能试验．分析结果表明,该环保底火可以满足枪弹战技指标要求．     

小口径枪弹通用无锈蚀底火通过部级鉴定

2000年8月18日,国营791厂自行研制的“小口径枪弹通用无锈蚀无雷汞底火”(代号:“WD391”)在重庆通过由兵器装备集团公司组织的产品鉴定。总装轻武器论证所等16个单位共45名轻武器专家参加了评审。 “WD391”底火采用伯丹式底火结构,在当今国际先进的“FA956”配方基础上进行了大胆的改进。其最大的特点:一是减少射击后枪械的腐蚀,延长枪械的使用寿命;二是能有效降低枪口部焰烟;三是提高了枪弹的长储性。它适用于所有小口径枪弹,现已在新一代5.8mm普通弹和5.8mm曳光弹上装配使用。经数百次各种环境试验,     

底火两相射流在传火管内传播过程的一维模型及数值模拟

底火射流在传火管内的传播过程是中心传火管及传火装药设计的主要依据。建立了底火药剂燃烧模型以及底火射流在传火管内传播的一维两相流模型,在使用四阶龙格-库塔法求解底火药剂的击发和燃烧过程的基础上,采用两步分量型CTVD格式对底火两相射流在传火管内的传播过程进行数值求解。得到了传火管内不同位置上射流的压力、两相速度以及空隙率等参量的变化规律。结果表明,底火射流在传火管内传播时,头部存在较强的压力波,气相速度大于固相速度; 当压力波在端面反射并作用在后续固相颗粒时,造成颗粒的加速燃烧; 当射流中的颗粒运动到右边界后,颗粒的堆积燃烧造成了反向的压力梯度,传火管内气相出现较大反向运动速度。     

基于人机交互通信的底火计数与报警装置研究

为提高大口径火炮射速,实现底火自动装填,研制出了大口径火炮底火计数与报警装置,并成功地和火控计算机联机。在火炮发射过程中,火控计算机发出控制指令,底火计数与报警装置对所击发的底火进行信号采集、比较和控制,通过串行通信技术实现了与火控计算机的通信,最终把底火击发信息显示出来,实现了人机交互通信。此研究改善了现代火炮的操控性能。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Design and Implementation of One Missile Visual Simulation System Based on OpenGL

The implementation of a missile＇s visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL（open graphic library） and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed. The establishment problems of the 3D scene are circumstantiated including the construction and redeployment of the model, creation of the virtual scene, setting of the multi-viewports and multi-windows etc. The missile＇s data driver, system flow, the modules and their mutual relations of the missile visual simulation system are discussed. The missile flight simulation results and effect of the scenes are given.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Dynamic Encryption Technology in Ad-hoc Networks

A new dynamic encryption application in ad-hoc networks is proposed. The advantages of this method are its being able to use the previous ciphertext as a seed of a new encryption process, rendering the encryption process effective in all communication process by continuous dynamic key generation together with synchronization, and its capability to cut back on system bandages to a greater extent, which is valuable for the ad-hoc circumstance. In addition, the rationality and effectiveness of this novel encryption method have been verified by the test results.