基于混沌差分进化模糊聚类的多模型建模

针对模糊C-均值聚类算法存在对初始聚类中心敏感和聚类目标函数容易陷入局部最优的问题,提出了1种基于混沌差分进化模糊C-均值聚类的多模型建模方法.该方法采用混沌差分进化算法对模糊C-均值聚类的目标函数进行全局寻优,能有效的解决上述问题.将该方法应用于双酚A生产过程的质量指标软测量建模,仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性.     

一种C-均值聚类图像分割的模糊熵后处理方法

提出了一种结合C-均值聚类算法和模糊熵的图像分割方法，该方法先采用C均值聚类算法对含噪图像进行初步分割，再利用模糊熵准则作后续处理。该方法一方面能够继承C-均值聚类算法的优点，可以灵活地用在基于多特征和多阂值的图像分割中，另一方面充分考虑了图像的区域信息，利用模糊熵最小作为准则，对c均值聚类算法初步分割结果的错分类点作了进一步的处理，克服了C-均值聚类算法对噪声敏感的缺点。实验结果表明，本文方法在运算开销上只比C-均值聚类算法多4～6S，对于低信噪比的图像能够取得优于C-均值聚类算法的分割效果。     

利用自适应模糊椭球聚类实现点云分区

点云数据分区是逆向工程中重要而又难以解决的问题。采用自适应模糊椭球聚类算法实现逆向工程中的点云分区,利用凸组合在经典模糊聚类算法中加入平面聚类,凸组合系数利用启发技术根据平面大小自适应选择。避免传统分区算法中微分几何特征量的估算;利用竞争凝聚技术自动确定分区数目;分区结果便于后续几何参数精确提取。实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

基于核的非凸数据模糊K-均值聚类研究

将模糊K-均值聚类算法与核函数相结合,采用基于核的模糊K-均值聚类算法来进行聚类。核函数隐含地定义了一个非线性变换,将数据非线性映射到高维特征空间来增加数据的可分性。该算法能够解决模糊K-均值聚类算法对于非凸形状数据不能正确聚类的问题。     

基于智能优化算法的模糊软子空间聚类方法

为解决选定特征上的聚类问题和模糊C-均值聚类存在的初始值敏感、易陷入局部最优的问题,提出了一种基于改进萤火虫算法的模糊软子空间聚类方法。该方法在模糊C-均值聚类算法的基础上,采用基于数据可靠性的k-均值算法中特征权值的计算方法,并结合萤火虫算法的全局搜索能力对所有的特征子空间进行搜索;设计了一种目标函数来对聚类结果和子空间所包含的特征维进行评估,并利用目标函数改进了萤火虫算法的搜索公式。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地收敛于全局最优解,具有良好的聚类效果和抗噪性。     

基于k均值分区的流数据高效密度聚类算法

数据流聚类是数据流挖掘研究的一个重要内容,已有的数据流聚类算法大多采用k中心点(均值)方法对数据进行聚类,不能对数据分布不规则以及高维空间数据流进行有效聚类.论文提出一种基于k均值分区的流数据密度聚类算法,先对数据流进行分区做k均值聚类生成中间聚类结果(均值参考点集),随后对这些均值参考点进行密度聚类,理论分析和实验结果表明算法可以有效解决数据分布不规则以及高维空间数据流聚类问题,算法是有效可行的.     

模糊C均值聚类图像分割的改进遗传算法研究

基于模糊C均值（FCM）聚类算法,并利用遗传算法全局随机搜索的特点,提出了一种图像分割的改进遗传算法。该算法首先采用一种初值化算法确定合适的遗传算法的初始搜索范围,然后对遗传算法中的编码方式、交叉算子、变异算子等参数进行了一些适当改进,进而给出了该算法的理论推导和算法的具体实现步骤。该算法除了解决模糊C均值聚类算法在医学图像分割中容易陷入局部最优解的问题,而且采用的初值化算法比标准的遗传模糊C均值聚类算法能确定更合适的遗传算法的初始搜索范围,从而加速了遗传算法的收敛过程。实验表明,该方法相对于标准的遗传模糊C均值聚类算法,效果要好得多。     

基于ELM的局部空间信息的模糊C均值聚类图像分割算法

极限学习机（Extreme learning machine, ELM）作为一种新技术具有在回归和分类中良好的泛化性能。局部空间信息的模糊C均值算法(Weighted fuzzy local information C-means, WFLICM)用邻域像素点的空间信息标记中心点的影响因子,增强了模糊C均值聚类算法的去噪声能力。基于极限学习机理论,对WFLICM进行改进优化,提出了基于ELM的局部空间信息的模糊C均值聚类图像分割算法(New kernel weighted fuzzy local information C-means based on ELM,ELM-NKWFLICM)。该方法基于ELM特征映射技术,将原始数据通过ELM特征映射技术映射到高维ELM隐空间中,再用改进的新核局部空间信息的模糊C均值聚类图像分割算法(New kernel weighted fuzzy local information C-means,NKWFLICM)进行聚类。 实验结果表明 ELM-NKWFLICM算法具有比WFLICM算法更强的去噪声能力,且很好地保留了原图像的细节,算法在处理复杂非线性数据时更高效, 同时克服了模糊聚类算法对模糊指数的敏感性问题。     

一种基于萤火虫算法的模糊聚类方法

针对模糊C-均值聚类对初始值敏感、容易陷入局部最优的缺陷,提出了一种基于萤火虫算法的模糊聚类方法。该方法结合萤火虫算法良好的全局寻优能力和模糊C-均值算法的较强的局部搜索特性,用萤火虫算法优化搜索FCM的聚类中心,利用FCM进行聚类,有效地克服了模糊C-均值聚类的不足,同时增强了萤火虫算法的局部搜索能力。实验结果表明,该算法具有很好的全局寻优能力和较快的收敛速度,能有效地收敛于全局最优解,具有较好的聚类效果。     

基于自组织神经网络和模糊聚类的校园无线网用户日常行为分析

针对如何分析校园无线网络数据,挖掘数据中蕴藏的学生行为,更好地辅助教学管理,本文提出了在Hadoop平台构建基于自组织神经网络(SOFM)的模糊C-均值(FCM)聚类算法。该算法采用自组织神经网络与模糊C-均值聚类算法相结合,避免了模糊C-均值聚类算法初始化不当带来的误差,目标函数中采用马氏距离,自适应的调整了数据的几何分布。考虑到无线用户数据规模庞大,采用了Hadoop平台并行运行聚类算法。实验结果表明,本文提出的算法提高了聚类结果的准确性,有效地降低了时间复杂度,分析平台为学校管理层快速有效的做出决策提供了依据,研究分析方法对其它高校有较大地参考价值。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。