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采用水解酸化-厌氧-改良Carrousel氧化沟组合工艺,通过前置水解酸化调控、氧化沟水力停留时间调控、二沉池污泥回流比调控等工艺,进行了为期8个月的混合型城市污水脱氮中试研究。结果表明,中试进水COD、NH3-N和TN的平均质量浓度分别为557、29.0、40.1 mg/L,总水力停留时间为17.5 h、污泥回流比为1、DO平均质量浓度控制在2~4 mg/L之间及无外加碳源和碱度的条件下,出水COD、NH3-N和TN的平均质量浓度分别为54.9、2.8、12.6 mg/L,对COD、NH3-N和TN的平均去除率分别达到了90.1%、90.3%和68.6%。采用水解酸化-厌氧-改良Carrousel氧化沟组合工艺,处理混合型城市污水的效果良好、稳定可靠。 相似文献
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采用水解酸化-厌氧-改良Carrousel氧化沟组合的脱氮除磷工艺,进行混合型城市污水处理的试验研究。采用3个池子串联驯化培养的方式,同时启动了水解酸化池、厌氧池和改良氧化沟,重点介绍水解酸化池和改良氧化沟的启动过程。结果表明,水解酸化池、厌氧池和改良氧化沟采用接种污泥的方式启动,水解酸化池开始较小流量进水,后逐渐增大流量,可在20 d之内完成启动,出水清澈;改良氧化沟开始采用较大曝气量曝气,促使污泥中的微生物恢复活性,后加大流量,曝气量正常。在较短的时间内,COD去除率可以稳定达到80%以上,TN去除率达到50%以上,NH3-N去除率达到70%以上,TP去除率达到70%以上,启动完成;运行的4周内,系统排泥1次。 相似文献
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基于污泥减排的A~2/O-MBR工艺除磷效果研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以沉砂池出水为研究对象,采用A2/O-MBR组合工艺,对混合型城市污水进行中试研究,考察了该工艺在高效除磷和污泥减排方面的优势,并分析了除磷影响因素。结果表明,系统正常运行情况下,TP的平均去除率为93.83%,最高去除率可达98.21%,出水TP优于城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准;系统的COD平均污泥产率为0.22 kg/kg,低于常规除磷工艺的COD污泥产率即0.60 kg/kg,实现了剩余污泥减排。厌氧区硝酸盐质量浓度升高会导致TP去除效果下降,当回流比为2时TP的去除效果稳定而且平均去除率最高,而进水COD(<1 000 mg/L)的增减与TP去除率的增减基本趋于一致,试验期间温度、pH等对除磷效果无明显影响。 相似文献
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针对传统多级A/O工艺处理低碳氮比生活污水除磷效果差的问题,通过增设前置厌氧段改良多级A/O工艺,重点研究了除磷效果的可行性。结果表明:在温度为17℃±3℃、流量分配比为100%∶0∶0、水力停留时间为10h、污泥回流比为50%、污泥龄为14天的条件下,系统总体除磷效果较好。其中COD、TP平均去除率分别为89.81%、90.35%,出水平均浓度分别为32.65mg/L、0.49mg/L,均优于GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A排放标准。由于受到硝化反硝化的综合影响,对污水中含有的氮素去除效果一般,其中NH3-N、TN去除率均为50%左右,出水平均浓度为30.32mg/L、30.41mg/L,可通过外加碳源的方式增强反硝化能力,进一步提高系统脱氮效果,出水有望达到一级B标准。改良工艺在保证有机物去除效果的基础上基本实现了脱氮除磷,可为实际生活中处理低C/N生活污水提供参考。 相似文献
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通过正交实验研究了溶解氧(DO)含量、污泥回流比、污泥龄(SRT)对悬浮填料氧化沟系统脱氮除磷效果的影响,并对COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP去除率的极差和方差进行了分析。结果表明,DO含量对系统COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP的去除均有显著影响,污泥回流比对系统NH4+-N、TN、TP的去除有显著影响,SRT仅对TP的去除有显著影响。悬浮填料氧化沟系统脱氮除磷的优化运行工况为氧化沟DO的质量浓度0.8~1.2mg/L,污泥回流比75%~100%,SRT为10~15d。在此优化工况下运行,出水COD、NH4+-N、TN达到GB 18918-2002标准中的一级A标准,TP达到一级B标准。 相似文献
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氧化沟工艺生物除磷试验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以生活污水为研究对象,采用厌氧一缺氧一氧化沟工艺对氧化沟的除磷性能进行了研究,结果发现:(1)该工艺具有较好的除磷效率,稳定阶段TP去除率能够达到90%,出水TP平均为1.62ms/L.(2)序批式试验中前30min磷的释放速度很快,单位MLSS的释磷速率为10.75mg/(g·h),而在30~120min磷释放速率很低,为0.48mg/(g·h).(3)出水TP的浓度与出水NO3较好的相关关系.(4)该工艺进水COD为340.4mg/L时,出水COD为50.7mg/L,COD去除率为84.5%;大量COD在厌氧区转化为聚磷菌胞内聚合物而去除,这部分胞内聚合物能够在缺氧区充当电子受体被二次利用. 相似文献
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The transport properties of ionic liquids (ILs) are crucial properties in view of their applications in electrochem-ical devices. One of the most important advantages of ILs is that their chemical–physical properties and conse-quently their bulk performances can be well tuned by optimizing the chemical structures of their ions. This will require elucidating the structural features of the ions that fundamentally determine the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs. Here we showed for the first time that the“rigidity”, the order, and the compactness of the three-dimensional ionic networks generated by the anions and the cation head groups determine the formation and the sizes of the nanostructures in the apolar domains of ILs. We also found that the properties of ionic networks are governed by the conformational flexibility and the symmetry of the anion and/or the cation head group. The thermal stability of the nanostructures of ILs was shown to be con-trolled by the sensitivity of the conformational equilibrium of the anion to the change of temperature. We showed that the viscosity of ILs is strongly related to the symmetry and the flexibility of the constitute ions rather than to the size of the nanostructures of ILs. Therefore, the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs, especially the thermal stability of the nanostructures, can be fine-tuned by tailoring the symmetry and the conformational flexibility of the anion. 相似文献
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Claver IP Zhang H Li Q Zhu K Zhou H 《International journal of molecular sciences》2010,11(8):3002-3015
Starches were isolated from soaked and malted sorghum and studied to understand their physicochemical and functional properties. The swelling power (SP) and the water solubility index (WSI) of both starches were nearly similar at temperatures below 50 °C, but at more than 50 °C, the starch isolated from malted sorghum showed lower SP and high WSI than those isolated from raw and soaked sorghum. The pasting properties of starches determined by rapid visco-analyzer (RVA) showed that malted sorghum starch had a lower viscosity peak value (86 BU/RVU) than raw sorghum starch (454 BU/RVU). For both sorghum, X-ray diffractograms exhibited an A-type diffraction pattern, typical of cereal starches and the relative degrees of crystallinity ranged from 9.62 to 15.50%. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that raw sorghum starch showed an endotherm with a peak temperature (Tp) at 78.06 °C and gelatinization enthalpies of 2.83 J/g whereas five-day malted sorghum starch had a Tp at 47.22 °C and gelatinization enthalpies of 2.06 J/g. Storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G″) of all starch suspensions increased steeply to a maximum at 70 °C and then decreased with continuous heating. The structural analysis of malted sorghum starch showed porosity on the granule's surface susceptible to the amylolysis. The results showed that physicochemical and functional properties of sorghum starches are influenced by soaking and malting methods. 相似文献
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催化装置粗汽油回炼技术在有效降低催化稳定汽油烯烃含量的同时,对催化装置产品分布产生明显的影响,继而影响到装置的综合经济效益。本文对不同粗汽油回炼量条件下,催化装置稳定汽油性质和产品分布变化趋势进行分析,对经济效益进行对比,阐明应用粗汽油回炼降低汽油烯烃技术时,要选择合适的操作条件,以期得到较好的综合经济效益。 相似文献