距离法求语言特征主成分

语言特征成分的数量决定了成分对语言特征的影响度.作者把影响度视作距离,建立了一个数学模型,通过距离判断来求取语言特征主成分.     

高级语言程序设计的功能意念教学法

本文分析了程序的功能成分和高级语言的功能成分以及算法的意念作用,指出了高级语言的各功能成分与程序设计之间的关系,提出了“高级语言程序设计”的功能意念教学法     

基于PCA和SVM的管道腐蚀超声内检测

为了有效地对不同深度的局部腐蚀缺陷超声波信号进行分类识别,根据腐蚀缺陷信号样本数量较少的特点,提出了一种基于主成分分析(PCA)和支持向量机(SVM)的超声波腐蚀缺陷信号识别方法.该方法采用经验模态分解法对腐蚀缺陷信号进行分解,提取各本征模式分量的时域无量纲参数,利用主成分分析消除原始特征集中的冗余信息,降低每一个特征之间的相关性,实现腐蚀缺陷信号特征参数的降维.在PCA进行特征优化后,将支持向量机的多类分类应用于缺陷分类过程中.将腐蚀缺陷原始特征集和经主成分分析优化后的特征集,分别用于支持向量机的训练和测试,且选择不同的核函数构造支持向量机分类器.实验结果表明,基于主成分分析和支持向量机的方法可以有效地对超声波腐蚀缺陷深度信号分类.     

基于C#的主成分分析算法及其与GIS接口*

分析了传统方法开发的组件存在“DLL Hell”问题和传统GIS软件在面对大数据集时效率低的不足,指出使用C#语言开发的组件可以有效地解决这些问题。并以开发主成分分析模块为例,介绍了主成分分析主要计算方法,给出了基于C#的算法,最后给出了基于C#的主成分分析模块实现及其与GIS软件的接口技术。     

基于模糊隶属度的人脸识别应用*

针对人脸图像特征提取,应用主成分分析和二维主成分分析方法,提出用二维特征求解样本的隶属度,用主成分特征进行支持向量机分类的方法。该方法结合了二维主成分特征在选取少量分量时人脸重构图像稳定的优点和主成分特征重构图像局部特征清晰的优点。为了与二维主成分特征分类结果进行比较,通过引入矩阵内积,给出了针对二维特征的三类核函数。实验表明利用两种特征进行分类的方法在人脸识别中具有较高的精度。     

最小化相关性的二维主成分分析

指出在二维主成分分析中,特征向量的任意两个分量之间是相关的,并给出此相关性的数学表达,进一步提出最小化相关性的二维主成分分析。该方法改进二维主成分分析的目标函数,最大化特征向量间总体散度的同时,最小化特征向量各分量间的相关性。最后,在Yale标准人脸库上的实验结果表明,文中方法有较强的特征抽取能力,在识别性能上优于二维主成分分析及对角二维主成分分析。     

以儿童为用户的儿童医院多维就医导向信息设计研究

在我国的导向系统设计中,大多在平面且单一感官层面应用,通过多维感官整合设计来扩大感官刺激的实例不多,未能充分挖掘其潜力。文章剖析当前单一感官缺陷,分析多感官整合设计中感官通道的关联性及补偿关系,并结合儿童就医心理行为特征和自身天性,从功能、服务、情感三个需求目标出发,利用多维立体感官进行合理整合,进而实现多维度、多层次细腻的感官刺激,来弥补单一功能的缺陷,注重人文关怀,为导向指出新的设计方向。     

基于余弦角距离的主成分分析与核主成分分析

PCA和KPCA都是基于欧氏距离提出的,这种距离对离群数据点比较敏感,而余弦角距离对离群数据更为鲁棒,在很多情况下具有更好的性能。充分利用余弦角距离的优势,提出两种新的特征抽取算法——基于余弦角距离的主成分分析（PCAC）和基于余弦角距离的核主成分分析（KPCAC）。在YALE人脸数据库与PolyU掌纹数据库上的实验表明,PCAC比PCA取得了更好的效果,KPCAC也表现出了很好的性能。     

基于距离和径向基核函数的加权KPCA分析

针对利用核主成分分析方法处理非线性问题存在对干扰点的敏感性和特征空间中的主成分缺乏明确的物理意义等缺点,提出了一种改进的模糊KPCA(Improved Fuzzy Kernel Principal Component Analysis,IFKPCA)算法,对每个样本点进行加权处理,并利用基于距离的特征核函数和径向基核函数,把特征空间中的重构误差和输入空间的误差对应起来。用算法对2个无干扰和有干扰的数据集进行了仿真实验。同时,对药物代谢的数据进行主成分提取。结果表明,IFKPCA弱化了干扰点对样本分布的影响,表现出较好的鲁棒性;基于距离的特征核函数对样本分布具有较大的依赖性,而径向基核函数对样本分布具有良好的鲁棒性,对药物代谢的应用结果也进一步表明了IFKPCA的有效性和可行性。     

基于主曲线的微阵列数据分类

提出了一种基于主曲线(principal curves)的微阵列数据分类方法(PC)。主曲线是第一主成分的非线性推广,它是数据集合的“骨架”,数据集合是主曲线的“云”。基于主曲线的微阵列数据分类方法,首先利用专门设计的算法在训练数据集上计算出每类样本的主曲线,然后根据测试样本与各类样本主曲线距离的期望方差来确定测试样本所属的类别。实验结果表明,该分类方法在进行小样本微阵列数据分类时性能优于现有的方法。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.