不同沉积工艺下TiN涂层金属学特性的研究

采用不同沉积工艺得到的TiN涂层高速钢的物相主次不同 ;涂层宏观残余应力呈压应力状态 ,应力状态主要与膜 /基材料的热力学性能的差别有关 ;不同沉积工艺得到的TiN涂层高速钢的晶粒度约 0 1μm ,其对涂层的耐磨性影响不大 ,微观残余应力对耐磨性起了很大作用 ;不同沉积工艺得到的TiN涂层的点阵参数偏大 ,这主要是由涂层的微观残余应力和原子置换引起的 ;摩擦学实验表明以 ( 111)晶面择优取向的试样的耐磨性最佳     

TiN/Ti涂层在波箔轴承中的摩擦磨损性能

采用真空离子镀的方法在304不锈钢基体上喷涂厚度为3μm的TiN/Ti薄层,利用硬度计、三维形貌仪、划痕试验仪对涂层基本力学性能进行分析,通过球盘试验机分析涂层试样的摩擦磨损性能,根据波箔轴承性能测试实验台的测试结果:研究TiN/Ti涂层对基体表面耐磨减摩性能的影响。研究结果表明:TiN涂层硬度可达HV1500,是基材硬度的5.5倍;TiN/Ti涂层平均摩擦因数为0.23,相对不锈钢304基材的平均摩擦因数0.71,降低了68%,磨损量也仅为基材的18.75%;GCr15与PTFE对磨的最大摩擦力矩可达2.4 N·mm,而TiN/Ti与PTFE对磨的最大摩擦力矩仅为1 N·mm,仅为GCr15的41.7%。TiN/Ti涂层表现出了优异的承载能力和耐磨减摩性能。     

Y15钢表面沉积TiN、TiCN和AlTiCrN涂层的摩擦磨损性能

为提高Y15易切削钢的耐磨性能,对Y15钢试样表面进行离子氮化处理,并分别采用TiN、TiCN、AlTiCrN进行镀膜处理。在SRVⅣ磨损试验机上考察制备的3种试样的摩擦磨损性能,并与盐浴渗氮处理试样进行比较。结果表明:3种离子渗氮+涂层处理试样中,离子渗氮+AlTiCrN涂层的耐磨性最好,其次是离子渗氮+TiCN涂层和离子渗氮+TiN涂层;盐浴渗氮试样的磨损机制主要为黏着磨损,离子渗氮+TiN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损和磨粒磨损为主,其他2种试样的磨损机制主要为轻微犁沟和黏着磨损。     

TiN/TiSiN复合涂层显微结构与力学性能研究

采用工业用直流脉冲等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PCVD)法在硬质合金刀具基体上制备了TiN和TiN/TiSiN复合涂层.对TiN涂层和不同沉积温度下制备的三种TiN/TiSiN复合涂层的微观结构和力学性能进行了对比研究.结果表明:随着沉积温度的升高,TiN/TiSiN复合涂层的结合力增大;沉积温度为550℃时,TiN/T...     

Y15钢表面直接涂层处理滑动摩擦磨损试验研究

在易切削钢Y15试样表面直接涂层处理得到TiCN、AlTiCrN涂层,在SRV Ⅳ磨损试验机上考察其摩擦磨损性能,并与TiN直接涂层试样、盐浴渗氮试样进行比较。结果表明：直接涂层试样比盐浴渗氮试样具有更低的摩擦因数和更好的耐磨性;TiCN直接涂层耐磨性最好,其次为AlTiCrN直接涂层。盐浴渗氮试样、直接TiN涂层试样和直接TiCN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,而直接AlTiCrN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,同时也存在磨粒磨损。     

Y15钢表面TiCN和AlTiCrN涂层滑动摩擦试验研究

在易切削钢Y15试样表面直接涂层处理得到TiCN、AlTiCrN涂层,在SRV Ⅳ磨损试验机上考察其摩擦磨损性能,并与TiN直接涂层试样、盐浴渗氮试样进行比较。结果表明:直接涂层试样比盐浴渗氮试样具有更低的摩擦因数和更好的耐磨性;TiCN直接涂层耐磨性最好,其次为AlTiCrN直接涂层。盐浴渗氮试样、直接TiN涂层试样和直接TiCN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,而直接AlTiCrN涂层试样的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,同时也存在磨粒磨损。     

焊缝结构微区材料力学性能研究

介绍三种对微区材料力学性能进行测试的方法,微拉伸试验、微剪切试验和维氏硬度试验,并分析其各自的优缺点。采用这三种方法对0Cr18Ni10Ti焊接接头不同区域材料进行力学性能测试,并对试验结果进行比较分析。研究指出,采用微小拉伸试样的微拉伸试验方法测定微区材料的力学性能更为准确可靠。     

TiN涂层高速钢刀具耐热性的研究

研究了切削过程中TiN涂层高速钢刀具的切削温度场分布特征及其生热、导热特征。通过试验证明了TiN薄膜的热学特征与其晶体结构类型有关 ,用不同工艺方法得到的TiN涂层高速钢刀具的耐热性、耐磨性亦存在明显差别 ,为TiN涂层刀具沉积工艺参数的优化、刀具几何参数及切削用量的合理选择提供了理论依据。     

基于微小试样法的国产A508-Ⅲ钢力学性能测试研究

小冲杆试验法是利用冲杆冲压试样薄片,并记录试片从变形到失效的全过程的载荷一位移曲线,并借此分析得到材料屈服强度、抗拉强度等力学性能的试验方法。该方法所需材料少,特别适合于试验材料缺乏或在役设备的无损取样检测的情况。采用小冲杆试验法测试国产A508-Ⅲ钢的力学性能（包括屈服强度、抗拉强度）,并且与传统的标准试样测试的拉伸性能进行了比较,结果表明采用小冲杆试验方法能够有效测试材料的屈服强度及抗拉强度。     

摩擦焊焊接重型H型钢Z向拉伸试样的工艺探索

随着马钢重型H型钢的投入生产,增加了Z向拉伸力学性能的检测,由于Z向拉伸毛坯不足以制作拉伸试样,因此引进摩擦焊机床对试样进行焊接,制备拉伸试样使之满足标准尺寸要求.在确定了转速和顶锻压力等因素的情况下,通过设计不同的工艺参数测试对Z向拉伸焊接接头的影响,保证了拉伸试样断裂处能位于重型H型钢母材,焊接接头力学性能满足使用...     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.