胶料中游离硫含量影响因素研究

利用高效液相色谱法对胶料中的游离硫含量进行测定,并研究混炼和压延工艺中胶料中游离硫含量的影响因素。结果表明:混炼胶于室温停放7天内可以保持游离硫含量基本不变;混炼和压延温度升高,游离硫含量均呈增长趋势,且当温度高于100℃后增加明显,存在潜在喷霜的可能;可溶性硫黄与不溶性硫黄均会参与到硫化过程中,构建交联网络结构,硫化后胶料的物理性能差别不大。     

子午线轮胎钢丝帘布粘合性能的研究

研究钢丝帘布停放时间、钢丝粘合胶混炼工序加硫温度和钢丝帘布压延温度对胶料中游离硫含量以及钢丝帘布表面粘合性能和剥离力的影响。结果表明:胶料中游离硫含量高会造成喷霜,从而导致钢丝帘布表面粘合性能降低;在低温下停放时,钢丝帘布停放时间对胶料中游离硫含量影响不大,但钢丝帘布表面因受到氧化导致其粘合性能降低,停放时间对钢丝帘布间的剥离力基本没有影响;钢丝粘合胶混炼工序中加硫温度必须控制在90～100℃范围内;压延温度低于100℃时,钢丝帘布胶中游离硫含量变化不大,钢丝帘布表面粘合性能基本不变,压延温度高于100℃时,钢丝帘布胶中游离硫含量快速增大,钢丝帘布表面粘合性能降低,钢丝帘布压延供胶温度应控制在85～95℃范围内。     

压延胶料粘性的影响因素分析

压延胶料在停放过程中出现表面泛蓝发乌现象,同时胶料的粘性明显降低。利用电子显微镜、X射线荧光光谱仪、气相色谱-质谱联用仪和高效液相色谱仪等多种表征技术对胶料表面微观形貌、表面析出物成分、胶料自粘性、游离硫含量等进行测试。结果表明：防老剂6PPD喷出是导致胶料表面泛蓝发乌的主要原因之一;压延胶料停放时间不宜过长;丙纶垫布对压延胶料表面形貌产生影响,且丙纶垫布反复使用会影响压延胶料粘性的保持。     

风电设备橡胶密封制品的技术概况

介绍风电设备橡胶密封制品的胶料主体材料选择、胶料配方设计、产品结构设计和半成品生产工艺。风电设备橡胶密封制品胶料采用的主要胶种是丁腈橡胶、氢化丁腈橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶、硅橡胶、氟橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶等,胶料配方和产品结构根据实际使用条件确定,半成品生产工艺根据胶料原材料品种、产品结构和尺寸确定。     

新品动态

京海年产1000吨硫化剂PAS80投产橡胶硫化剂PAS80,有效硫含量80%,是一种有机聚合加成结构的无毒、无臭硫黄给予体。产品中硫的有机聚合加成物含量不低于60%,游离硫含量39%,具有可与不溶性硫黄媲美的不喷硫特性。由于碳氢加成基的不饱和结构,不仅具有与橡胶的良好相容性和分散性,而且能增进橡胶与骨架材料,如钢丝和纤维,在热或湿热条件下的粘合。PAS80可以用于天然橡胶和合成橡胶制造的切忌喷霜的橡胶制品、动态制品、橡胶与骨架材料复合制品和卫生橡胶制品。近两年,上海京海化工有限公司的PAS80样品已在80多个橡胶企业进行了胶料配合试…     

两种新型橡胶助剂

不溶性硫磺Rhenocure Bayer公司的子公司Rhein-Chemie公司生产出一种不溶性硫磺Rhenocure IS。它是硫磺的一种高分子改性品种。生产工艺和加有特殊稳定剂避免了不溶性硫磺变为可溶性硫磺。这种不溶性硫磺主要用于配制天然胶料及合成胶料,以避免喷霜及硫磺从胶料层往相邻部位     

国产不溶性硫黄OT20的生产工艺及性能

介绍国产不溶性硫黄(IS)OT20的生产工艺和性能。国产IS OT20是在液流直接法的基础上将液硫温度提高至620~700℃制成。国产IS OT20的不溶性硫含量较高,高温热稳定性较好,分散性达到国外同类产品水平。在全钢子午线轮胎带束层和胎体胶中使用国产不溶性硫黄OT20,胶料的工艺性能和物理性能满足生产要求,半成品未出现喷霜问题。     

气相色谱/质谱法测定硫化胶中游离硫含量

研究气相色谱(GC)/质谱(MS)法测定硫化胶中的游离硫含量。结果表明:硫化胶丙酮抽提液中的单体硫与三苯基膦反应生成稳定的硫代三苯基膦,通过GC/MS法检测硫代三苯基膦,可以推算出未知样品的游离硫含量;与传统的亚硫酸钠法、铜螺旋法和液相色谱法相比,GC/MS法测定硫化胶中的游离硫含量灵敏度较高,准确性较好,操作简单。     

新型硅烷偶联剂在轿车子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用

研究新型硅烷偶联剂在轿车子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明：新型硅烷偶联剂的硫含量与硅烷偶联剂Si75接近,硫分布与硅烷偶联剂Si69接近;与采用硅烷偶联剂Si75的胶料相比,采用新型硅烷偶联剂的胶料的硫化效率相对较高,但加工安全性相对较差,胶料的物理性能相当,滞后损失较低,有利于降低胎面胶的滚动阻力,提高轮胎综合性能。     

热塑性苯酚甲醛树脂的相对分子质量和游离酚含量对胶料加工性能的影响

分别制备不同相对分子质量和游离酚含量的热塑性苯酚甲醛树脂,并测试添加这些树脂的天然橡胶(NR)的加工性能。结果表明:热塑性苯酚甲醛树脂的相对分子质量对胶料的焦烧时间和门尼粘度有一定影响,树脂的相对分子质量增大,胶料的焦烧时间趋于延长,门尼粘度有增大趋势;热塑性苯酚甲醛树脂中游离酚含量对胶料硫化时间和门尼粘度有影响,树脂中游离酚含量增加,胶料的硫化时间趋于缩短,门尼粘度有减小趋势。     

Eutectic alloys in sulfur‐based rubber vulcanizing systems and related problems

An analysis of phase diagrams for alloys of components of sulfur‐based rubber‐vulcanizing systems permitted the calculation of weight ratios and melting temperatures of their eutectic alloys. From Mukhutdinov studies it is known that the formation of a simple eutectic alloy of chemical additives makes possible the reduction of their concentration in sulfur‐based vulcanizing systems without decreasing, or even while increasing, their effectiveness. However, to create eutectic alloys, these additives should be in adequate concentration and dispersed within rubber compounds. Therefore, as a successive step of this investigation, zinc stearate dispersion was determined using the radioisotopic method. For this purpose a typical tread‐rubber compound with a radioactive zinc stearate (containing ⁶⁵Zn) was prepared, and then the γ radiation intensity from the rubber samples was measured to determine the zinc stearate dispersion. There wasn't a uniform distribution of this additive within the rubber compound. It was found that zinc stearate doesn't bloom from the compound at a 3% concentration. Also, oil dispersion in different sulfur granules was determined by an ultrasensitive CCD camera. It had been employed to monitor the surface intensity of an ultraweak chemiluminescence of oil in sulfur subjected to oxidative deterioration stimulated by ozonization. The tested samples of soluble sulfur were oiled uniformly, but the polymeric sulfur samples were not. Thus, the probability of creating eutectic alloys with such kinds of sulfur during rubber compounding and processing depends on their local concentration of oil. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 1929–1941, 2001     

高品位不溶性硫磺合成条件研究

硫磺作为一种重要的非金属矿产资源,其回收量不断增加,研究新的硫磺深加工产品,是解决硫磺产业应用的重大课题。不溶性硫磺(Insoluble Sulfur,简称IS)是硫磺的高分子聚合物,不溶于二硫化碳和橡胶。IS作为硫磺的改性品种,能拓展硫磺的应用。     

紫外荧光法测定复合肥中总硫含量

建立了紫外荧光法检测复合肥中总硫含量的方法,样品前处理中使用无机酸一盐酸溶解试样。标准工作曲线相关线性良好,相关系数r=0．9994,测得两批试样的相对标准偏差分别为0．013％、0．016％,该方法能快速准确检测复合肥中总硫含量。     

国产不溶性硫黄OT20在全钢载重子午线轮胎带束层胶和胎体胶中的应用

研究国产不溶性硫黄OT20替代进口不溶性硫黄在全钢载重子午线轮胎钢带束层胶和胎体胶中的应用。结果表明,与采用进口不溶性硫黄的带束层胶和胎体胶相比,采用国产不溶性硫黄OT20的带束层胶和胎体胶物理性能均相当,工艺性能均满足生产要求,生产成本均较低。     

Rheological properties and foam processibility of precured EPDM

EPDM foam was prepared by dynamically vulcanizing EPDM compound in a HAAKE rheometer firstly, then mixing the partially precured EPDM compound with a blowing agent and a sulfur vulcanizing system on a two roll mill. The compound was extruded through a cold feed extruder, and the extrudate was foamed in a circulating hot air oven. EPDM compound was vulcanized partly in the HAAKE rheometer, the final torque increases with increasing sulfur content. Rheological measurement shows the dynamic storage modulus, the loss modulus, and the complex viscosity of precured EPDM compound increase with increasing sulfur content. Then the partially precured EPDM compound was compounded with a blowing agent and a sulfur vulcanizing systems, Rheometric measurement shows that the rate of vulcanization of partially precured EPDM compound is not affected by the precure. The blowing results show that the foam processibility could be improved and the expansion ratio increases in the same processing condition for optimum partially precured EPDM compound, which indicates the optimum crosslink density for EPDM could enhance the efficiency of blowing agent AC. SEM shows that the foam articles have a closed‐cell structure with few open cells, and the large cells inlay among the small cells. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3387–3394, 2006     

Radioisotopic determination methods of sulfur dispersion and sulfur blooming in rubber compounds

Radioisotope methods have been analyzed to study the dispersion of sulfur in rubber compounds. The radioactivity of the ³⁵S isotope introduced into rubber compounds has been measured by volumetric and surface methods. These methods can be applied to investigate physical and chemical processes in rubber and to optimize technical conditions of tire production. It was found that the radioisotopic methods can be used in the studies of sulfur blooming. Experimental data of the effect of mixing and the storage temperatures of the rubber compound on these processes are presented. Rubber compounds containing soluble sulfur, insoluble Crystex sulfur, and T-accelerator were made for such investigations. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

硫黄用量对反式1，4-聚异戊二烯结晶及硫化胶性能的影响

研究了硫黄用量对反应１,４－聚异戊二烯（ＴＰＩ）由塑性高聚物转变为弹性高聚物后性能的影响。结果表明,硫黄用量５份是ＴＰＩ硫化胶物理性能和动态力学性能随硫黄用量变化的转折点,并且此时ＴＰＩ硫化胶具有较好的综合性能,其内部的结晶破坏程度可达８８．９％,在实用配方中,由于其它胶种和填料的加入,使ＴＰＩ的结晶度可下降约９９％,为ＴＰＩ在轮胎中应用提供了理论依据。     

硫磺回收装置停工过程的安全问题探讨

硫磺回收装置长期在高温高硫环境下运行 ,容易腐蚀生成硫化亚铁 (FeS)并在管线、设备死角和反应器内积聚。停工过程容易过氧导致FeS自燃 ,造成设备和催化剂的损坏。在硫磺装置上广泛应用各种负载金属催化剂 ,这些催化剂在停工过程中需要进行还原、热浸泡、烧碳再生、惰性气体吹扫、钝化处理 ,这些处理过程都面临过氧导致催化剂床层飞温危险。针对这些影响硫磺装置安全停工的因素进行分析 ,并提出防范措施     

硫黄用量对跑气保用轮胎胎侧支撑胶性能的影响

研究硫黄用量对跑气保用轮胎胎侧支撑胶性能的影响。试验结果表明,随着硫黄用量的增大,胶料的加工安全性略有下降,硫化胶的硬度、定伸应力和回弹值呈增大趋势,拉伸强度、拉断永久变形、撕裂强度、压缩永久变形及耐屈挠龟裂性能呈下降趋势,压缩生热变化不大;当硫黄用量为2份时,硫化胶的综合物理性能较好。     

粘合增进剂AIR-101在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎体胶中的应用

研究粘合增进剂AIR-101在全钢载重子午线轮胎胎体胶中的应用。试验结果表明:以粘合增进剂AIR-101等量替代间苯二酚,同时减小癸酸钴用量和增大不溶性硫黄用量,可以保证胶料的加工安全性,对胶料的硫化特性和物理性能影响不大,能够提高硫化胶老化后的粘合性能和成品轮胎的耐久性能,降低原材料成本,减少环境污染。