智能厂房温湿度控制系统

首先分析了厂房温湿度控制与一般建筑物空调系统的区别,指出现在流行的空调控制方法不适合厂房温湿度控制;接着提出一种智能温度控制方法,它不需要确定系统的数学模型,用专控制的方法,在不同控制阶段分别采用开关控制,模糊控制和智能ＰＩＤ控制;最后介绍了实行结果。     

A three-loop model-following control structure: theory and implementation

This article presents a novel three-loop control system, which supplements control structures known from the literature as model following control (MFC). The major advantage of the proposed system is its high robustness to process parameter variations; it is much higher than that offered by single-loop or two-loop control systems. Features of the new structure are revealed by a theoretical analysis that has been carried out from the viewpoint of requirements for a force/pose controller of a Stäubli RX60 manipulator. This article shows how the proposed control structure responds to such strong process parameter variations and makes a comparison to results yielded by single-loop control structures.     

模型跟踪广义预测鲁棒自适应控制器

本文采用滤波CARMA模型,基于内模原理,提出了一种新的广义预测鲁棒自适应控制器,并分析了闭环系统性能,在新的控制器中,引入适当的前馈作用,使得跟踪和调节问题解耦,利用部分状态跟踪、模型参考以及极点配置方法解决跟踪问题,利用多步预测滚动优化方法解决调节问题;适当选择滤波器可以保证对平稳随机扰动有满意的响应,减少可调参数对闭环系统响应的影响,增强系统对未建模动态的鲁棒性,仿真结果表明:该控制器对确定性和非平稳随机扰动具有不变性,对系统时延和阶次变化具有鲁棒性,适用于非最小相位和开环不稳定系统。     

Networked Control Systems: A Survey of Trends and Techniques

Networked control systems are spatially distributed systems in which the communication between sensors, actuators,and controllers occurs through a shared band-limited digital communication network. Several advantages of the network architectures include reduced system wiring, plug and play devices,increased system agility, and ease of system diagnosis and maintenance. Consequently, networked control is the current trend for industrial automation and has ever-increasing applications in a wide range of areas, such as smart grids, manufacturing systems,process control, automobiles, automated highway systems, and unmanned aerial vehicles. The modelling, analysis, and control of networked control systems have received considerable attention in the last two decades. The ‘control over networks’ is one of the key research directions for networked control systems. This paper aims at presenting a survey of trends and techniques in networked control systems from the perspective of ‘control over networks’, providing a snapshot of five control issues: sampled-data control, quantization control, networked control, event-triggered control, and security control. Some challenging issues are suggested to direct the future research.     

自动化技术专题讲座(Ⅳ)──智能控制技术与应用

主要介绍智能控制的原理、结构、类型和应用。     

Stabilization of robot motion and contact force interaction for third-order motor dynamics

An approach to the synthesis of control laws stabilizing motion and force in contact tasks, based on the exponential stability of the closed-loop control system, is described. When using the synthesized control laws, simultaneous stabilization of both motion and force is achieved with a preset quality of the transient responses. The task is solved in a most general form, taking into account the constraints on robot control, its position and the force of interaction of the robot and the environment, and the external perturbations and inaccuracies of the measuring sensors, when the environment dynamics is being described by nonlinear second-order differential equation, and the robot dynamics includes the third-order equations of the robot actuators dynamics.     

专家PID控制在印染过程温度控制中的应用

对于具有较大时滞,非线性和时变性特点的打样机对象(它是印染行业中的一种小型设备),常规PID控制方法往往难以达到良好的控制效果.本文将专家控制器与常规PID控制器相结合,提出了一种智能控制器结构.试验表明,与常规PID控制器相比,该控制器的控制精度有了明显的提高.     

Robust containment control in a leader–follower network of uncertain Euler–Lagrange systems

A distributed controller is developed that yields cooperative containment control of a network of autonomous dynamical systems. The networked agents are modeled with uncertain nonlinear Euler–Lagrange dynamics affected by an unknown time‐varying exogenous disturbance. The developed continuous controller is robust to input disturbances and uncertain dynamics such that asymptotic convergence of the follower agents' states to the dynamic convex hull formed by the leaders' time‐varying states is achieved. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed controller. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

解耦控制的现状及发展

通过对多变量系统解耦设计的必要性分析,介绍了传统解耦、自适应解耦、鲁棒解耦、智能解耦等各种解耦方法,并叙述了各种方法的研究现状和应用情况,同时分析了各种方法局限性。指出解耦控制领域的研究已成为控制理论和控制工程界共同关注的热点。自适应解耦与智能解耦,侧重于控制器的研究,它们更多采用试探、优化方法来设计控制器．理论研究还尚待完善。因此,寻求一种有效的、简单易行的控制方法,即寻求理论与实际结合点,是今后研究的方向。     

一种专家智能控制器的仿真研究

该文提出一种专家智能控制器（简称为ＥＩ控制器）．该控制器的参数可基于专家知识和过程参数的变化实时进行调整。仿真结果表明对于工业过程中的大纯滞后、非线性、变参数特性能获得较为满意的调节效果。     

六自由度并联机器人分散鲁棒非线性控制

针对六自由度并联机器人动力学特点,提出了一种新型分散鲁棒非线性控制方法.与传统PD控制策略和已有分散鲁棒非线性控制方法相比,由于控制律中增加了广义误差的小数幂项,改进后的方法除保持原方法的优点外,还具有较强的终端收敛能力,能够保证跟踪误差以更快的速度全局一致收敛到一个更小的剩余集.通过选择合适的控制器参数,可使剩余集趋于0.运用Lyapunov方法分析了系统稳定性,给出了系统稳定性条件.最后,仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性.     

Feedforward output-feedback control for continuous exothermic reactors with isotonic kinetics

The robust feedforward (FF) output-feedback (OF) control problem of (possibly open-loop unstable) continuous exothermic jacketed reactors with isotonic kinetics with respect to reactant concentration is considered. The volume, temperature, and concentration must be regulated by manipulating the feed, exit and coolant flowrates on the basis of volume and temperature measurements. The problem is addressed as an interlaced controller-observer design within a constructive control framework. The result is a quasi linear-decentralized (qLD) FF-OF dynamic controller which: (i) recovers (up to observer convergence) the behavior of a robust nonlinear FF-SF controller, (ii) has closed-loop stability conditions coupled with conventional-like tuning guidelines, and (iii) constitutes an add-on to the PI control scheme commonly employed in industrial reactors. The approach is tested with an open-loop unstable reactor example through simulations.     

Multivariable PID control by decoupling

This paper presents a new methodology to design multivariable proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers based on decoupling control. The method is presented for general n × n processes. In the design procedure, an ideal decoupling control with integral action is designed to minimise interactions. It depends on the desired open-loop processes that are specified according to realisability conditions and desired closed-loop performance specifications. These realisability conditions are stated and three common cases to define the open-loop processes are studied and proposed. Then, controller elements are approximated to PID structure. From a practical point of view, the wind-up problem is also considered and a new anti-wind-up scheme for multivariable PID controller is proposed. Comparisons with other works demonstrate the effectiveness of the methodology through the use of several simulation examples and an experimental lab process.     

一种具有非线性观测器的分散式自适应鲁棒机器人控制新方案

本文提出一种新型的分散式自适应鲁棒机器人控制方案。它主要解决以下诸方面的问题:1)减少在线计算量;2)通过设置一个非线性观测器来及时修正模型信息,以适应负载及其他因素变化的需要,进而有效地减少所需控制值(尤其当系统处于平稳工作状态时,效果更加明显),相应地,也就减少了系统工作时的动能损耗。这一点对[1]中提出的机器人分散式变结构控制算法有较大改进;3)对系统的不确定性和扰动作用具有鲁棒性。     

鲁棒低增益变结构模型参考自适应控制

就对象含未建模动态且其建模部分相对阶大于1时的变结构模型参考自适应控制 (VS-MRAC)系统,提出了一种鲁棒低增益变结构控制方案,特点是系统变结构律在低增益状态 下仍可保证所有辅助误差均在有限时间内收敛到零,从而提高了系统跟踪精度.此外,还研究了 平均值滤波器对系统稳定性的影响.     

A new real-time perspective on non-linear model predictive control

This work presents a new formulation of continuous-time non-linear model predictive control (NMPC) in which the parameters defining the input trajectory are adapted continuously in real time. Continuous implementation of the control as the input parameterization is being optimized reduces the impact of computational delay, in particular in response to process disturbances. By eliminating the typical correspondence between the time partitions used for input parameterization and implementation, and instead parameterizing the input over arbitrary intervals of variable length, a means is provided to reduce the overall number of optimization parameters (and hence the dimension of the required gradient and Hessian calculations) without adversely affecting stability or optimality.     

Robust output feedback stabilization via risk-sensitive control

We consider a problem of robust linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control for discrete-time stochastic uncertain systems with partial state measurements. For a finite-horizon case, the problem was recently introduced by Petersen et al. (IEEE Trans. Automat. Control 45 (2000) 398). In this paper, an infinite horizon extension of the results of Petersen et al. (IEEE Trans. Automat. Control 45 (2000) 398) is discussed. We show that for a broad class of uncertain systems under consideration, a controller constructed in terms of the solution to a specially parameterized risk-sensitive stochastic control problem absolutely stabilizes the stochastic uncertain system.     

高速铝板轧机液压厚调计算机控制系统研究

本文给出了我国自行研制的并成功地应用于大型铝板冷轧机上的计算机控制液压厚调系 统.系统的工作原理及控制模型比较先进,APC系统响应速度快,厚度控制精度高.实际应 用表明:系统的软硬件工作稳定可靠,操作简便,经济效益显著,可推广应用.     

降低鲁棒变结构模型参考自适应稳态控制增益的模糊实时分层方法

提出一种模糊实时分层方法来降低鲁棒变结构模型参考自适应稳态控制增益。利用模糊理论将一些定性经验与已提出的鲁棒变结构模型参考自适应控制相结合,可以在一定程度上克服稳态控制增益高的缺点。仿真结果表明,采用模糊实时分层方法后,稳态控制增益有所降低。