真空碳酸盐法脱硫装置运行分析与对策

叙述了真空碳酸盐脱硫装置工艺配置情况,找出了真空碳酸盐脱硫装置的堵塞部位,对堵塞部位进行了取样化验分析,根据化验结果找出了堵塞原因,针对堵塞原因,提出了防止堵塞的措施。     

乙烯装置汽油分馏塔堵塞问题探讨

乙烯装置汽油分馏塔的堵塞问题一直是困扰乙烯装置安全稳定运行的难题。介绍了中国石化镇海炼化分公司乙烯装置汽油分馏塔运行中出现的堵塞,从聚合物生成、黄油回炼、焦粉积聚、原料带氧和烧焦安排等多角度剖析其形成堵塞的原因。介绍了如何精确定位堵塞位置及缓解堵塞而采取一系列的措施和效果,尤其是在线处理的解决方案。     

液氮洗冷箱堵塞原因分析及处理

总结液氮洗装置开车以来的堵塞情况,针对装置运行过程中冷箱出现的堵塞问题,提出解决办法和防范措施,消除缺陷和隐患,保证装置安全稳定运行。     

硫磺回收装置的堵塞分析与预防措施

针对硫磺回收装置操作中经常遇到的堵塞问题,以荷兰JACOBS公司的超优克劳斯EURO-CLAUS工艺装置为基础,分析了硫磺回收工艺过程中发生堵塞的原因,揭示各个容易发生堵塞的环节和部位,以及堵塞可能造成的后果,有针对性地提出了预防措施.     

聚乙烯装置热处理催化剂管道防垢技术应用

根据中国石油抚顺石化分公司聚乙烯装置的催化剂系统堵塞情况,安装了CMFG超音频脉冲防除垢装置,减少催化剂管道的堵塞频率,延长催化剂管道的使用周期.     

小闪蒸线堵塞原因分析与优化

某环管法聚丙烯装置运行期间,小闪蒸管线频繁出现堵塞现象,严重影响装置的安全运行和整体经济效益。针对本小闪蒸线在生产中频繁发生的堵塞现象,通过分析每次堵塞的具体工况和堵塞物质组成,研究小闪蒸线堵塞的具体原因,利用操作优化调整、设备设施改造等多种手段,有效延长小闪蒸线运行周期。     

脲醛反应系统中甲醛管道堵塞原因分析及对策

针对尿素装置脲醛系统运行中遇到的甲醛管道堵塞问题,结合该装置的工艺特点分析堵塞发生的原因,提出相应的处理方法及预防措施。     

丁二烯抽提装置汽提塔存在的问题及原因分析

乙腈法丁二烯抽提装置萃取系统聚合是影响生产装置长周期运行的关键问题之一。介绍了中韩(武汉)石油化工有限公司2#丁二烯抽提装置萃取系统汽提塔C-102运行存在的问题，分析确定了塔盘堵塞是其主因，并对堵塞部位进行了研究。通过采取相应措施维持改善装置运行状况，提出了避免塔盘堵塞的措施和建议。     

谈预应力波纹管堵塞分析与解决方法

有粘结预应力结构现已得到越来越广泛的运用,在预应力构件的施工中,波纹管的漏浆堵塞是一种常见的问题。本文首先分析了预应力波纹管堵塞的原因和一般处理办法,然后介绍了一种专门用来处理预应力波纹管堵塞的装置及其使用方法,分析了该装置的益处,进而提供了该装置得以运用的工程实例,供以后施工中参考以更好处理波纹管堵塞的问题。     

防止催化剂线堵塞的工艺优化

分析了影响聚丙烯装置催化剂线堵塞的原因,提出了净化己烷、增上管线伴热等解决措施,对防止催化剂线堵塞、保证装置的平稳运行,具有一定的实际意义。     

底座连接口特征参数对显示器后壳注塑质量的影响分析

在Moldflow分析软件的基础上,对显示器后壳进行仿真研究,以翘曲变形量为质量指标,结合控制变量法进行单因素变动实验,保持注射工艺参数不变,研究显示器后壳底座连接口对制品翘曲变形的影响。对数据进行图表分析,结果表明显示器后壳尺寸定位68.58 cm(27英寸)时,底座连接口选用圆形,连接口位置距离底边26 mm,尺寸为直径21 mm的时候模具翘曲表现更好。     

The role of the symmetry and the flexibility of the anion on the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ionic liquids☆

The transport properties of ionic liquids (ILs) are crucial properties in view of their applications in electrochem-ical devices. One of the most important advantages of ILs is that their chemical–physical properties and conse-quently their bulk performances can be well tuned by optimizing the chemical structures of their ions. This will require elucidating the structural features of the ions that fundamentally determine the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs. Here we showed for the first time that the“rigidity”, the order, and the compactness of the three-dimensional ionic networks generated by the anions and the cation head groups determine the formation and the sizes of the nanostructures in the apolar domains of ILs. We also found that the properties of ionic networks are governed by the conformational flexibility and the symmetry of the anion and/or the cation head group. The thermal stability of the nanostructures of ILs was shown to be con-trolled by the sensitivity of the conformational equilibrium of the anion to the change of temperature. We showed that the viscosity of ILs is strongly related to the symmetry and the flexibility of the constitute ions rather than to the size of the nanostructures of ILs. Therefore, the characteristics of the nanostructures and the viscosities of ILs, especially the thermal stability of the nanostructures, can be fine-tuned by tailoring the symmetry and the conformational flexibility of the anion.     

浅谈设备的性能与操作对胎面压出质量的影响

简要介绍了胎面压出的工作原理及工艺过程，对设备的配置及操作对胎面压出质量的影响进行了分析，并对压出过程中常见的质量缺陷、造成的原因以及解决措施提出了自己的见解。     

Investigation of the effects of fatty acids on the compressive strength of the concrete and the grindability of the cement

In cement industry, a great energy consumption has been observed during grinding of clinker. To reduce this consumption, some waste products have been used as grinding aids.In this investigation, the effects of sunflower oil (SO), oleic acid (OA), stearic acid (SA), myristic acid (MA) and lauric acid (LA) on the fineness and strength of the cement have been examined. These aids were added into clinker in certain ratios based on the cement clinker weight and the grinding has been done for a definite time at the same condition.All of the fatty acids used increased the fineness as compared with the cement without the grinding additives. SO and OA decreased the strength significantly, LA decreased it to a lesser extent and SA increased it definitely according to the common cement. But MA did not alter the strength of the cement as much as SA. In addition, the covering of the balls influences the grinding of cement clinker unfavourably.     

煤粉流动性对GSP气化炉气力输送的影响研究

针对GSP气化装置煤粉气力输送在试车阶段出现的煤粉锁斗下料不畅、发料罐输送性能不佳等问题,从原料煤性质和工业装置的改进方面出发,通过煤粉的流动性参数的测量与研究,分析出现上述工程问题可能的内在原因,并提出工业装置改进方法,为保证GSP煤粉气力输送工业装置的正常运行提供解决办法。     

The effect of the length of the oxyethylene chain on the conductivity of the polyurethaneurea electrolyte

Polyurethaneureas (PUU), which were synthesized from 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and 3,5-diaminobanzoic acid (DABA), were used as polyelectrolytes in this study. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to monitor the effect of the various kinds of PEG on the changes in morphology of PUU electrolytes corresponding to the concentration of lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄) dopants. The results of DSC and FT-IR indicate the Li⁺ ions coordinate with the soft and hard segments. Additionally, the crystallinity of the PEG soft segment and the ordered hydrogen-bonded urea carbonyl groups decreased with increasing salt concentration. Impedance spectroscopy (IS) measurements show that the PUU electrolyte with the high phase separation degree has the high ionic conductivity. The hard-segment T_g and the soft-segment T_m influence the conductivity behavior of polyelectrolytes with increasing measurement temperature.     

转子挤压组合凹模的应力分析

组合凹模的应力分析是一个非常复杂的问题，对其进行精确分析是解决模具寿命的关键。本文采用有限元分析软件Ansys对转子的组合凹模进行了分析，为转子组合凹模的优化设计提供了依据。     

Effect of the drafting force on the strength of the bottom of the spinneret

In spinning basalt fibres, the drafting force is in the same range as in spinning of glass fibres. The effect of the drafting force can not be considered in the calculation for the strength and rigidity of the bottom of the spinneret. __________ Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 47–50, September–October, 2007.     

煤的溶胀处理对药用腐植酸提取的影响研究

以气煤、肥煤、焦煤、瘦煤为样煤,进行了样煤的粉碎、有机溶剂溶胀和硝酸氧化处理,考察了处理后煤样中的药用腐植酸得率。结果表明,吡啶和N,N-二甲基吡咯烷酮是溶胀较好的溶剂;样煤粉碎后,随着粒度的减小,煤的溶胀率增加;粒度粉碎至200目的气、肥煤经吡啶溶胀和硝酸氧化后,煤样的药用腐植酸得率可达到73.0%和71.4%,而经甲醇溶胀和硝酸氧化的200目气煤药用腐植酸得率为56.4%和58.4%。实验结果表明,煤样经过溶胀和硝酸氧化处理,对药用腐植酸的提取有促进作用。     

微通道内流体流动对聚酰胺微胶囊壁面褶皱的影响分析及应用

流体流动诱导微胶囊膜起皱和变形是一个普遍存在的现象。针对这一现象已有一些模拟和实验研究,但是对于微通道内不同因素对于微胶囊褶皱情况的影响以及褶皱的存在对于微胶囊实际膜面积和粒径的影响等方面却鲜有探讨。针对这一问题,本文制备了具有褶皱膜的聚酰胺微胶囊,并提出通过溶剂浸泡法将微胶囊膜褶皱伸展开,以分析微胶囊的实际膜面积和实际粒径。同时,定义了褶皱度的概念,将抽象的褶皱情况数值化,使分析更为方便。最终,通过研究分析发现,由于与流体剪切力正相关,流体流量和黏度的增大会导致微胶囊褶皱度增加;当这两者固定时,微胶囊粒径的改变对其褶皱度基本无影响。在应用方面,微胶囊壁面褶皱情况的分析为制备单核双壁式微胶囊提供了一种新思路。